Ezinye izazinzulu zibonisa ukuba i-moles ivela emzimbeni womntu ngesizathu kwaye inokuthi ikwazi ukuxelela ezininzi "ngumphathi" wayo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukungabikho kwemigudu emva kukufakazela ukupha, ukuvuleka, kunye nemilomo - banikezela ngobuntu obulula, ngokuthe ngqo kwaye bathethe ngokuziphatha. I-Moles kwimpumlo inenhlanhla, entanyeni - abanini beenzuzo ezinkulu. Ngaba ufuna ukwazi ukuba yiziphi iimpawu zokuzalwa emzimbeni womntu kwaye zivela phi?
Ngaphandle kwengozi ebomini
Musa ukuxhalaba malunga nawo onke ama-moles akho emzimbeni. I-nevi yakho ikhuselekile ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuba imida yabo ihamba kakuhle kwaye ihamba kakuhle, iyimbala ebonakalayo kwaye ayitshintshe umbala. Khulisa i-nevi enjalo ngokukhawuleza (okanye ungakhuli nhlobo). Kodwa nangona i-birthmark ekhulile ngaphezu kweminyaka okanye ifumaneke i-bulge, ungakhathazeki-le yinto eqhelekileyo engasongeli. Isizathu sokukhathazeka kufuneka sinyuka ngokukhawuleza kwi-nevus, i-discoloration okanye i-thickening ephawulekayo, ukubunjwa kwemichiza, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi, ukuphuma kwamanzi. Uphawu olubonakalisa ukuchithwa kwebala lokuzalwa lungaqwalaselwa ukuvela kwebala lombala kufuphi nemida yalo, ukubetha kunye nentlungu.
Ngubani oyika i-melanoma?
Ngenkambo yobomi, ezinye i-moles zingakwazi ukuguqulwa zibe yi-melanoma (i-tumor ebulalayo). Kodwa akukho sizathu sokwesaba: oku kwenzeka ngeqabile. Iingcali ziqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokuchithwa kwemvelo ikhuthazwa ngengozi ye-moles, i-ultraviolet irradiation, ukuguquguquka kwe-hormones emzimbeni (kuphawulwe ukuba kwezinye iimeko, utshintsho kwiimeko ze-hormonal lukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuphuhliswa okanye ukuguqulwa kwesisu). Ngama-40-50% kuphela ama-melanomas ahlakulayo avela kwiisel pigment cells. I-mole, esendaweni eyingozi (iintendelezo, intanyeni (phantsi kwekhola), izilwanyana zeenyawo, isifuba, isikhumba) kuyinqwenela ukususa. Ukuba i-nevus ngesizathu esinye okanye enye yonakalisiwe (yaqala ukuphuma igazi, ibuhlungu), ngokukhawuleza uye kwindwendwe kwi-ingcali. Emva kokuba ufumene ngokwayo izibonakaliso zokuzalwa kwebala lokuzalwa, qiniseka ukuba udibanise ne-oncologist. Abo babenqabile ukugqithiswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-nevi, kunye nobunzima bokususwa ngenxa yendawo (umzekelo, ngasentla kwipumlo), kubalulekile ukuba lumkise malunga neengozi zokuzonyango kunye neentlungu. Sincoma ngokusisiseko ukugqitywa okupheleleyo kwe-nevi, efumaneka kwiindawo ezilinzakeleyo zesikhumba.
Nciphisa konke okungeyomfuneko
Oogqirha banesiqinisekiso sokuthi ukususwa kobuchwepheshe be-nevus esiyingozi kuya kuqinisekisa ukuhlaziywa nokukhusela umngcipheko we-melanoma. Izindlela zokurhoxisa i-moles zihlukeneyo: ukusuka kwi-laser kunye ne-electrocoagulation kwi-radio-knife-ukubonisana rhoqo kuxoxa ngeendlela ezingcono. Icandelo lobugcisa bombuzo lihlala liqwalaselwa. Ngoko ke, yonke imisebenzi yokucoca ebusweni nasentanyeni iphele nge-suture eneqhosha elincinci, kwaye yinto enye, mhlawumbi, eya kuphawulwa ngabanye kukuba ukunyamalala kwamanqaku engokwemvelo engadingekile. Umbuzo onengqiqo uvela: akufanele siwususe onke amanqaku okuzalwa kulo mzekelo weprophylaxis? Akunakwenzeka ukuba oku kunokwenzeka: emzimbeni womntu ngamnye akukho nevi enye. Kwaye akusiyo kuphela imbambano echasene nayo. Xa usususile zonke iimpawu zokuzalwa, asiyikubakho umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezikhoyo, kodwa asikuthinteli ukubonakala kwezinto ezintsha, kuquka ne-melanoma, kwi-skin engaguqukiyo. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ususe kuphela i-moles ephethe isongelo lokuzalwa kwakhona, kwaye bonke abanye bayabonisa rhoqo ugqirha ukuba babone ngokuqinileyo.
Isangqa selanga
Ingaba i-ultraviolet ithonya ukuvela kwe-melanoma? Kulo mbandela, oogqirha abanalo uluvo olufanayo. Inyaniso yokuba iziko ezimbi zikhula ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zomzimba, ezibonakaliswe ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-ray. Ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu le-moles likhonza njengommakishi yesazi malunga nokuxhomekeka kwe-melanoma. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba i-melanoma ayikho imiphumo yokukhulelwa komama. Inokuthi ivele kwinqanaba le-skin yangaphambili engatshintshiyo. Kunconywa ukukhusela ulusu kwimiphumo emibi yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Kunconywa isikrini selanga, kuxhomekeke kwiluphu lwebala. Kodwa abo banamaqabunga amaninzi kunye nesikhumba esikhanyayo, esilungele ukushisa ilanga, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ubuninzi bokukhusela kwi-UVB kunye ne-UVA-ray. Ukukhanya okukhawulezileyo ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (ngaphandle kokushisa ilanga kunye ne-sun allergies) kukhokelela kumngcipheko omncinci we-melanoma. EYurophu, ukuxhatshazwa nokufa okuvela kwi-melanoma kuphakamileyo kakhulu kumazwe asentla, apho ilanga elisebenzayo alikho ngwendwendwe ongapheliyo. I-Melanoma itholakala ngokukodwa kubantu abanomgangatho ophakamileyo wezoqoqosho (nangona bokuba ubomi babo buninzi eofisini). Isiganeko se-melanoma sanda ngokukhawuleza kwiqela labantu abaneminyaka engama-30-39 ubudala. Ukuba eso sifo sishukunyiswa ilanga, kufuneka kube nokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwimeko ye-melanoma ubudala.