Isondlo sesondlo sesondlo sinikeza ubungakanani bemfuneko yeprotheyini ekudleni kwansuku zonke, ngelixa ngexesha elifanayo linciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbohydrate kunye nokutya okunamafutha (okona, ngelixa ugcina umxholo obuncinci olufunekayo wale nxalenye yondlo ukuqinisekisa iimfuno zomzimba zomzimba). Ixabiso lezinto eziphilayo zeeprotheni lichongiwe lizinga lokusetyenziswa kwazo ngumzimba ngokuqulunqwa kwezinto ezifunekayo zesakhelo zeeseli. Ukuba lesi sibalo singaphantsi kwe-60%, ngoko ukutya okunjalo akuboneleli ngezidingo zomzimba. Umgangatho weprotein wesondlo unokugwetywa ngokubunjwa kwe-amino acid yeeprotheni ezisetyenziswe ekudleni. Ngoko ke, ukuba iprotheni ekubunjweni kwayo iqukethe zonke ii-amino acid eziyimfuneko, ngoko kuthathwa njengento epheleleyo; ukuba ibonakaliswe ngumlinganiselo oncitshisiweyo okanye enye i-amino acid ebalulekileyo, ke iprotheni enjalo ibizwa ngokugcwele; kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukuba i-molecule yeprotheni ayinayo enye okanye ngaphezulu i-amino acids ebalulekileyo, ngoko kwimeko enye ibhekisela ekubeni ngamaprotheni angaphantsi.
Isidingo somzimba womntu kwiiprotheni siyachongwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala, ngokwesini, iimpawu zomsebenzi wobugcisa. Xa wenza umsebenzi onzima, uqeqesho olunzulu, ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuncelisa kunye nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo, isidingo sokondla kwiprotheyini sikwandisa kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuba malunga ne-60% yemfuno yansuku zonke yeprotheni emzimbeni kufuneka inikezelwe ngokusebenzisa ukutya kokuvela kwilwanyana, kunye ne-40% eseleyo ngenxa yemveliso yezityalo.
Yiyiphi imali ethile yeprotheni kufuneka ifakwe kwisondlo ngokuhambelana nemithetho yokutya okunomsoco? Ngokweziphakamiso ze-World Health Organisation, ubuncinci be-protein kwisondlo ngosuku kufuneka okungenani i-0.75 amagremu kilogram yesisindo somzimba kubantu besetyhini nabasetyhini abadala kunye nabantwana malunga ne-1-1.1 gram. Ukugcina indlela yokuphila epheleleyo, inani lamaprotheni ekudleni komntu omdala kufuneka libe malunga ne-80-120 amagremu.
Ukuba ukutya akulungelelwanga kakuhle (umzekelo, ukuba uyadla inani elingekhoyo leprotheni okanye ukuba iqela lakho elingenasiphelo linenani eliphantsi lezinto eziphilayo), i-protein deficiency iqala. Kule meko, kukho ukuphazanyiswa kumlinganiselo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweeprotheni eziyimfuneko kumzimba kunye nokuphazamiseka kwazo, ngelixa inani lama-carbohydrate kunye namafutha atywalayo angahambelana nemimiselo efunekayo. Kwimeko yokubonakala kweprotheni yokusilela, kukho ukuhla kobunzima bomzimba, ukuncipha kwezinga lokukhula kunye nophuhliso lwengqondo kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, kunye nokunciphisa ukukhuselwa komzimba. Ngelo xesha, kunokuba kubekho nokungaqhelekanga kwimisebenzi yesibindi kunye ne-pancreas, izitho ze-hematopoiesis, eziza kubangela ukuqala kwe-anemia.
Ngaloo ndlela, ngumbutho ofanelekileyo wokutya okunomsoco, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe rhoqo kwi-protein yezinto zokutya. Ukutya okutsha, okubiza ixesha elide lokunciphisa umxholo weprotheni wokutya, ngokuqinisekileyo kungenziwanga kakuhle kwimicimbi yezodietesi ngabantu kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo kunoma yimuphi umntu.