Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, ukuba ibhinqa lazala umntwana oneminyaka engama-27 ubudala, wayebizwa ngokuba yi "old primogenitor". Namhlanje, iminyaka yobudala kumfazi ubeletha umntwana wokuqala-iminyaka eyi-25-35. Inani elininzi labasetyhini banomama kuphela kwiminyaka engamashumi amane. Yintoni engasongela okanye, ngokubhekiselele, inokuba luncedo kumfazi okhulelwe kunye nokubeletha emva kweminyaka engama-30? Funda malunga nezantsi.
Ukuba uneminyaka engama-30 ubudala
Ukuzalwa komntwana, kwanokuba amantombazana aselula asebenzayo. Kodwa kuphela umfazi wamashumi amabini anakho ukwenza isigqibo esinolwazi sokuzala umntwana, ukuba angamnyamekela ngaphambi kokuzalwa nangemva kokuzalwa. Ngaloo ndlela, oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuzala umntwana wokuqala ngowama-25-27 iminyaka. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ixesha elifanelekileyo lokukhulelwa kokuqala lifikelela kwiminyaka engama-30. Kamva, ukuzala komfazi kuqala ukuhla kwehla. Ibhinqa linamaqanda amaninzi, kodwa akuyiyo yonke into iya kuba nexanduva lokuchumisa. Yaye ekubeni i-nature ayiyi kuvumela ukuba ifake i-"defective" impahla, kungenzeka ukuba umntwana uya kufuneka alinde ixesha elide kunalindelekileyo. Xa uneminyaka engama-30, nokuba iinyanga ezimbalwa zobomi bobulili obuqhelekileyo azinakho ukukhokelela ekukhuliseni, oku akusisona isizathu sokukhathazeka. Ukuxhalabisa malunga nokungabikho komntwana omnye weqabane angasuka ukuba emva komnyaka wokuzama umfazi akakhulelwe. Emva koko amaqabane omabini kufuneka enze uphando kwaye, mhlawumbi, athathe unyango. Kungcono ukwenza oko ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unyango olungaphantsi kwe-35 ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-35 lunika iziphumo ezingcono kunexesha elizayo. Ukunyusa okunciphisa amathuba okunciphisa amathuba okwelashwa ngempumelelo.
Ukuba uneminyaka engama-35 ubudala
Nangona uneminyaka engama-35 loo ntokazi isenomdla omncinci, osebenzayo, onempilo-eli nqanaba lethu baninzi kuthi umda. Ibhinqa elingazange likwazi ukuba ngumama phambi kweminyaka engama-35 kufuneka ixelelwe ngugqirha malunga nokufumaneka kokuvavanywa kokubeleka kwamahhala. Oku kulungele ukufezekiswa kuba umngcipheko wokukhubazeka kwabantwana (ininzi yabo efunyanwe ne-Down's syndrome) ngu-1: 1400 kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-25 ubudala, kodwa abaneminyaka engama-35 ubudala abanomngcipheko baya ku-1: 100. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukubaluleka kokuxilongwa kwe-postinatal, njengamaxesha amaninzi evumela abazali ukuba basuse uxhala lomntwana, ngenxa yempilo yakhe. Ukuba inkqubo ifumanisa iziphoso zokuzalwa emntwaneni, kwezinye iimeko (umzekelo, i-hydrocephalus, ukuphazamiseka kwe-postre urethra), umntwana unokunyangwa esibelethweni. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme utshintsho olungapheliyo olukhokelela ekukhubazekeni okanye ekufeni, loo mi sebenzi ayiyi. Ngokuzalwa kweengcali kunganika uncedo kunye nokufikelela kwizixhobo eziyimfuneko. Ukwaziswa kokungabikho kokuzalwa okungaphantsi kubanceda ukulungelelanisa ngengqondo ngokuzalwa komfazi kunye nezihlobo zakhe. Ukuba isiphoso sinzima kwaye siyaphazamisa umsebenzi oqhelekileyo, lo mfazi ufumana iinketho ezenzelwe ukukhipha isisu ngenxa yezizathu zonyango.
Emva kweminyaka engama-40, konke kunzima kakhulu
Ukuzalwa komntwana wesibini oneminyaka engama-40 akuyona ingxaki. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kukho ubunzima obukhulu kwimeko yokukhulelwa kokuqala. Kule minyaka, abafazi bavame ukuva ubunzima bokukhulelwa. Akufanele uphinde usenze isigqibo sokuzala umntwana wakho wokuqala ukuya kwiminyaka engamashumi amane. Kule minyaka, abafazi banzima kakhulu ukunyamezela ukukhulelwa kwaye umsebenzi wabo kunzima. Abanye baneengxaki zempilo, ezinjenge-hypertension, isifo senhliziyo, ukukhathazeka ngokomoya, umzekelo, izifo ze-hormonal kunye ne-uterine fibroids. Ukunyanga kwezifo ezingapheliyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunzima, kuba ezinye iziyobisi zingathintela indlela yokukhulelwa. Amathambo e-pelvic kule minyaka ayinakuguquguquka njengoko ngaphambili, kwaye unokufuna isigaba se-care.
Ukuxilongwa kwePerinatal
Olu luvavanyo olona lukhulu olungabonakaliyo olunceda ukuphonononga uphuhliso lwe-fetus, ukubona ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphoso zomntwana (umzekelo, ezihambelana neephene kwiikromosomes kunye neziphene ze-tube). Kukhuselekile kwaye akukho nengozi kumntwana. Xa ukhulelwe ngokuqhelekileyo, iimvavanyo ezinjalo ziqhutyelwa amaxesha angama-3-4 phambi kweveki ezili-10 ukujonga indlela eqhelekileyo ukukhulelwa kokuqala. Emva koko kwiiveki ezingama-18 ukuya ku-20 ukujonga ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula kakuhle, nokuba ingaba iziko ziqhelekile. Emva koko, ngeveki 28, ukujonga ukuba umntwana uyinto evamile, kwaye ngeveki yama-38, ukubekwa kwengane kwisibeleko phambi kokuba kuhanjiswe kufuneka kuhlolwe.
Amniocentesis
Kuqhutywa ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokubeletha emva kweminyaka engama-30 kunye nakwezinye iimeko xa kukho isikrokrelo sokuthi umntwana unokuba nesiphene esizalwe ngumntwana (umzekelo, xa usapho lufumana izifo eziza kuzalwa okanye ukuba umntwana wokuqala akaphilisanga ngokupheleleyo). Uhlalutyo lubandakanya ukuthatha inaliti encinci ukusuka kwincinane ye-bnider yamniotic fluid (inaliti ifakwe phantsi kolawulo lwe-ultrasound). U vavanyo alubuhlungu kwaye lukhuselekile-iingxaki aziqabile (iipesenti ezi-0.1-1 zeemeko.). Umbane uhanjiswe kwi-laboratory ekhethekileyo yobugcisa apho kuya kuhlolwa khona. Emva koko, isiphumo siya kubikwa ukuba umntwana lowo unakho na ukungaqhelekanga kuma-chromosomes.
I-biopsy ye trophoblast
Ngomngcingo wesibeleko okanye ngesisu, inxalenye encinane yeethambo eziyingxenye yepentecenta ezayo ithathelwa uviwo. Iqulethe ulwazi olufanayo lofuzo njenge-amniotic fluid. Uphononongo luqhutyelwa kumanyathelo okuqala okukhulelwa (ngaphambi kweveki ye-11), kodwa ayithandwa kakhulu, njengoko kubandakanya umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwesisu.
Vavanyo kathathu
Yenziwa kwigazi lomntwana ongakazalwa kwiveki ye-18 yokukhulelwa ukuze abone umngcipheko weziphene zofuzo. Isiphumo sakhe esiyingozi asiyikugweba nantoni na. Emva koko kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound kwi-specialist (ngokwemiqathango yokukhubazeka kwemfuyo), kwaye ukuba ngaba kunjalo, unokwenza i-amniocentesis. Uvavanyo oluphindwe kathathu luchanekile, kodwa alubizi, ngoko lufumaneka kuphela kwiiklinikhi zangasese.
Yintoni umfazi okhulelweyo enokuyenza emva kweminyaka engama-30?
- Kungaphezulu kwesiqhelo ukuvela kwi-gynecologist yokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, izinga lokushukela kwegazi kunye nokwakhiwa komchamo.
- Phinda uvavanyo lokubeleka. Ukuba ugqirha akanikezeli ukuphunyezwa kwawo, kufuneka uqwalasele utshintshe ugqirha wakho (akaphelelanga imisebenzi yakhe).
- Kuqhelekile ukuba uphile, udle kwaye uhambe. Le ngcebiso ayiyi kuba nokunyaniseka: ungadli iibini, ungaqambi ukulala lonke ixesha lokulala (ngaphandle kokuba kuphakanyiswe ugqirha), ungayikhokheli ingqalelo kwisisu esisakhulayo. Kufuneka uzinakekele, uhambe kakhulu kwaye ujabulele ukulindela komntwana.