Biography kaLeonid Gaidai

I-biography yaGaidai yaqala ngoJanuwari 30, 1923. Emva koko intsapho kaLeonid Gaidai yayihlala edolophini yaseSvobodny kwiNgingqi yase-Amur. UBawo Leonid wayenguPoltava. Unina kaGaidai uvela kwingingqi yaseRyazan. I-biography kaLeonid yayingafaniyo ukuba yayingeyonto ye talente yakhe. Uyise kaLeonid wayengumqeshwa wesitimela oqhelekileyo. Unina kaGaidai wayemnene kwaye enobubele. Wayemthanda kakhulu umyeni wakhe nabantwana bakhe, ababenemithathu. I-Biography kaLeonid Gaidai iphawula ukuba yayincinane kunentsapho. Umlawuli wayenomzalwana nodade: uAlexander noAgasine.

Xa le nkwenkwana yayincinci, i-biography kaLeonid Gaidai yayisuka kuqala-intsapho yakhe yathuthela eCita. Emva koko base-Irkutsk, ngoko kwidolophana yaseGlazkovo. Njengomntwana, i-biography yeGaidai ihambelane namabininzi kubantwana beedolophana. Bahlala endaweni engalunganga, bezama ukufumana ubuncinane iinkukhu. Kodwa ke, uyise kaLeonid wayesoloko ehlaziyekile kwaye akazange alahle.

Ukuba sithetha ngezifundo, i-biography yaGaidai isitshela ukuba emva kwesikolo wangena esikolweni sesitimela. Kwakudingeka enze oku ukunceda intsapho. Nangona, kusukela ebuntwaneni, uLeonid wayethanda ama-movie. NgeeCawe wayehamba rhoqo kwi-cinema, abukela iifilimu malunga neChaevev. Kakade, le nkwenkwe yayingenayo imali eninzi, ngoko phakathi kweeseshoni wafihla phantsi kweetrone ukuze ufumane ukujonga okulandelayo.

UGaidai wagqiba isikolo ngaphambi nje kwemfazwe. Ngokuqinisekileyo, njengabantwana abaninzi beminyaka yakhe, wayefuna ukungena emkhosini ngokuzithandela, kodwa abazange bamthathe umfana, besithi ufuna ukulinda elincinci. Ngako oko, uGaidai waqala ukusebenza kwiholo le-Irkutsk. Ngelo xesha kwi-Irkutsk yayiyindawo yokuzonwabisa yaseMoscow. ULeonid unenhlanhla ukubona abantu abakhulu njengoHenkin, Lepko, Paul, Doronin, Slonova, Tusuzov. Ngenxa yezenzo zempi, i-theatre yahlala e-Irkutsk. UGaidai wahamba nabo ekutyekeni, wayebukele yonke imisebenzi kunye neminye imihla nangaphezulu kwaye waba nomnqweno wokuzidela kwi-theater kunye ne-cinema. Yena ngokwakhe wadlala kwimidlalo ye-amateur kwiNdlu yeNkcubeko kwaye abaninzi baphawule ukuba lo mfana unetalente.

Ngo-1942, uGaidai wajoyina umkhosi. Ekuqaleni, wakhonza eMongolia, kodwa wayekholelwa ukuba kwakungalunganga kunye neentloni. Umlawuli wexesha elizayo wayefuna ukukhusela ilizwe lakubo. Xa inxenye yamajoni eza ngaphambili, uGaidai wagijimela kuyo yonke imikhosi kwaye yonke imibuzo yaphendulwa ngu "I". Kwakulo mzuzwana, utshintshile kuphela, kamva ufakwa kwifilimu ethi "Operation Y", xa iphoyisa libiza indawo yokusebenzela kwaye licela ukuba linike lonke uluhlu.

Ngaphambili, uGaidai wayehlala ekhohlakele kwintshaba aze athathe ulwimi lwakhe. Wanikezelwa ngamagada amaninzi. Lo mntu uye wayesoloko engesabi kwaye enesibindi. Wayenamanxeba ambalwa ebhulophu, wayenqunywe umlenze wakhe, kodwa uLeonid wayezibonele njengomdlali wezilwanyana waza walwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba aphiliswe ngaphandle kokuchithwa. Wachitha ixesha elide kwizibhedlele, wahlupheka kakhulu. Ekugqibeleni, uGaidai ubeka iinyawo zakhe, kodwa ke, ukulimala kwiphepha lempilo yakhe yonke.

Emva kwemfazwe, uLeonid wabuyela kwisiza sakhe sase-Irkutsk. Iminyaka emibini wayidlala kwindawo yendawo yaseshashalazini kwaye yayiyimpumelelo. Kodwa uLeonid wayezigxeka kwaye wayeqonda ukuba impumelelo yakhe apha ayikho. Ngoko ke, ngo-1949 uGadiai waya eMoscow. Akazange athi igama "p", wayengumfana othobekileyo kwaye ozolile. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, italente yakhe yakwazi ukubetha ikomiti yokwamkelwa kweVGIK. Yonke iminyaka yokufundisa ootitshala bayamthanda uGaydai. Babethandana nomdla, ukukwazi ukudlala iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Gaidai wayenetalente yendalo. Kodwa, ekuqaleni, ngenxa yamahlaya, waxoshwa esikhungweni semfundo ukuba angafaneleki emsebenzini. Nangona kunjalo, loo nto inokuyichukumisa ukulawulwa nokuyibuyisela, ngelixa ibeka ixesha lovavanyo.

Ngexa wayefunda kwiVGIK, uGaydai wadibana nomfazi owayehlala naye ndawonye. NguNina Grebeshkova. Wayemncinci kuneGaidai iminyaka eyisibhozo kwaye wayenentloni yoweselula owayebonile kakhulu ebomini kwaye wayedlula phambili. Ngoko ke, kunye naye, wayehlala ephazamisekile, ephaphathekile kwaye engazange azixelele. Kungekudala batshata, baqeshisa igumbi, babe nentombi u-Oksana. Enyanisweni, uLeonid wacaphukiswa ixesha elide kuba umfazi wayengafuni ukuthatha igama lakhe. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, wayeseziyeka kulo kwaye wamthanda uNine de kube ngumhla wokugqibela.

Kwi-movie, uGaidai waqala ukufayilila kuma-fiftyties. Wadlala kwiifilimu "uLiang" kunye "Nomoya". Kodwa emva koko uGaidai waqaphela ukuba akafuni ukudlala, kodwa ukuba aqondise. Ukususela ngo-1955, uLeonid Gaidai sele sele ehlulwe njengomnye wabalawuli beMosfilm. Wabona ngokukhawuleza italenta yomlawuli we-comedic, nangona ifilimu yakhe yokuqala yayingekho umdlalo. Iifilimu zokuqala zeGaidai zazingathandwa kakhulu. Into leyo kukuba uGaidai akafuni ukudubula into afunekayo ngabaphathi. Wayefuna ukuhleka iingxaki zoluntu. Amagosa athatha imifanekiso yakhe ngobutshaba. Xa wazama ukudubula iindibano zamaqhawe, waqonda ukuba akakwazi ukusebenzela kule hlobo. Ngexesha elithile, uGaidai wayexhalabele kakhulu ngale nto, kodwa ke inhlanhla yamomotheka kuye. Yonke into eyenzekayo xa uLeonid wagqiba ekubeni aye kubazali bakhe e-Irkutsk. Apho wafumana ngephutha i-feuilleton "Inja yeBarbos". Nguye yena owaba sisiseko sefilimu ethi "Inja yoLondolozo kunye noMnqamlezo ongavamile". UGaidai ufumene into enomdla kwaye ihlaziye abaphulaphuli - wavula intathukazi emangalisayo: i-Coward, i-Balbes, namava. Emva koko, ukuthandwa kukaGaidai kwaqala ukukhula ngokoqobo phambi kwamehlo ethu. Wenza iifilimu ukuba bonke abantu baseSoviet bahleka, kuquka nabo babephethe izikhundla eziphezulu. UGaidai waba ngumnye wabaphathi abathandekayo baseSoviet. IGaidai yaqatshelwa njengenkosi yokuhlaziya. Kodwa kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe wayengaziwa. Iifilimu zakhe ze-perestroika zazingenayo injabulo njengalezo zangaphambili. Kodwa ke, uGaydai wahlala evuya, kuba kwakukho umfazi osondeleyo ongazange amshiye. Wayenomdla, engahambisani nokuphila, uNine wayekuqonda oku, wasoloko encedisa kwaye exhasa. Wayekunye kwada kwaphela ukuphefumula kwakhe, ngoNovemba yesithathu, ngo-1993, uGaydai wasweleka ngenxa yokuba i-clot emapapeni yayifikile.