Umdlavuza womlambo luhlobo lweentsapho ze-decapod crustaceans ze-Astacidea. Umzimba womhlaza uqulethe:
- I-cephalothorax, eneengxenye ezimbini: i-anterior (intloko) kunye ne-posterior (thoracic), ifakwe kunye. Kulo nxalenye yentloko kukho umlenze obukhali. Ngamacala kumanxweme ayo kwiimpawu ezihambayo zikhona amehlo adibeneyo. Ngaphambi komdlavuza womlambo kunezibini ezi-2 ze-antennae ezincinci, phakathi kweyiphi enye mfutshane, enye enye ende.
- Isalathisi, isisu esisodwa, esineziqendu ezi-7. Isisu sesomhlaza sinamaqhina ama-5 emigqomo, apho amanzi aselwandle asebenzisa ukugeza. Iimbini ze-6 kunye nee-7 zeemilenze zesisu zenza i-caudal fin.
Izixhobo zentonga yamanzi aphelileyo zifaka isicelo sokukhusela nokuhlaselwa. Amabhinqa amancinci kunabesilisa kwaye iinqununu zesisu zikhulu kakhulu kune-cephalothorax. Amadoda anemigqa enamandla kakhulu. Ukuba umhlaza womlambo ulahlekelwe ngumlenze, emva koko emva kwenkqubo yokwenza i-molting, iya kukhula inxalenye entsha endaweni yaleyo yangaphambili. Umbala we-crayfish umlambo unokuhluka ngenxa yeepropati zamanzi kunye nendawo yokuhlala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umhlaza womlambo unombala obomvu, obunobumba obomvu okanye obomvu obomvu.
I-crayfish yamaMlambo ihlala emanzini amnandi eYurophu. Esi sidumbu sifumaneka kumanzi ahlambulukileyo: kwimilambo, emachibi, emachibini, ngokukhawuleza okanye ehambayo imifudlana (ukuya kutsho kwi-5 m deep, ne-depressions up to 12 m). Umdlavuza womlambo uya kuzingela kuphela ebusuku. Ngomso, lihlala kuzo zonke iintlobo zokukhusela - phantsi kweengcambu zemithi, amatye, imivumba kunye nezinye izinto ezinokulala phantsi. Ukhusela ukukhusela kwamanye ama-crayfish. Amanzi amancinci angayibamba i-burrows ukuya kwi-35 cm ubude. Ehlobo, i-crayfish ihlala emanzini angacacanga, kwaye ebusika-iya kubanzi kwihlabathi elomeleleyo, nodongwe.
Njengomntu, amaqabunga omlambo asetyenziswe ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Oku kuqinisekiswa ngama-shells ezilwanyana ezitholakala "kwiibhokisi zekhishini" zexesha leNolithic. Ngaphambi kokukhonza, amanzi aphelileyo aphethwe ngokubilisa ngamanzi esetyuwa, ukufumana emva kokubumba okubomvu kunye nokuvumba, okumnandi. Iiprayfish eziphekweyo zihanjiswa kwitafile zifefa kunye nayiphi na imifuno (iparsley, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, idayil, njl.).
Umbala we-crayfish ngexesha lokupheka uchazwa ngobuninzi be-carotenoids kuwo. Kwesikhumba kukho i-pigment Astaxanthin, ebonakalayo ebonakalayo yimibala ebomvu ebomvu. Ngaphambi kokutshatyalaliswa kwentsholongwane kwizilwanyana eziphilayo zeentsholongwane ze-crustaceans, i-carotenoids idibene neeprotheni, ngoko ke umbala wamanzi ahlambulukileyo unobluhlaza, obuluhlaza okanye obomvu ngombala. Ngexesha lokubilisa, la maqhinga adibanisa, kwaye ukukhululwa kwe-astaxanthin pigment kunika umzimba umbala obomvu.
Ngaphambi kokusika i-crayfish, kufuneka ibiliswe ngamanzi abilayo, ukuze inyama ikwazi ukwahlukana ngokulula kwi-shell.
Izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo zomhlaza womlambo:
Isilwanyana esinomdla kakhulu somhlaza womlambo sifumaneka esiswini nasemacaleni. Umthamo omkhulu uqulethwe esiswini.
Inyama yomdlavuza womlambo imhlophe ngombala, ngeemvini ezinqabileyo zepinki. Yinomsoco kwaye ibalaseleyo ukunambitha. Ekubunjweni kwayo, inyama yomhlaza inexabiso elikhulu lamaprotheni kunye nomgangatho omncinci weoli. Inyama yalo mzimba ibhekisela ekudleni okuphezulu kunye nomkhiqizo ohlwaya, ogqithwa lula kwaye uqulethe inamba enkulu yezixhobo ezincedo. Ezi ziquka: iiprotheni (ukuya kwi-16%), i-calcium, iivithamini E kunye ne-B12. Inyama yomlambo i-crayfish iqulethe ubuncinane be-cholesterol kunye namafutha, kunye neekhalori.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, umhlaza womlambo awunalo irekhodi lomthamo wenyama kuwo xa uthelekiswa namanye amakhaya amanzi ase-crustaceans abantu abasebenzisa ukutya. Kumntu omdala, kukho inyama encinci. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-kilogram ye-shrimp equle malunga ne-400 amagremu enyama, kunye ne kilogram ye-crayfish-malunga ne-100-150 amagremu. Ngelo xesha, i-crayfish yamanzi i-3-4 amaxesha axabisa ngaphezu kwama-shrimps. Inokwenzeka ukuba, ukusetyenziswa kwe-crayfish kusekelwe ekubonakalweni okukhangayo kwezitya azihobisayo.
Ukubunjwa kwenyama yomdlavuza womlambo inomlinganiselo omkhulu wesibabule, ngoko ke akufanele kugcinwe kwi-cookware cookware. Emva kokuqhagamshelana nezitya zetsimbi, inyama iyajika emnyama kunye nempango. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-glassware.