Intombazana, ithi "yuba". - Ingqungquthela! "Khumbulani ifilimu yangaphandle" Kwiimeko Zentsapho ", apho intetho yonyango ifika kuSvetochke, ngubani na ongeyathetha isiqingatha se-alfabeti? Ukuhleka ngokuhleka, kodwa ukuthetha intetho yomntwana yinto ebalulekileyo kwaye kukulungele ukuyiqonda eselula.
Ukuqulunqwa kwentetho kumntwana - inkqubo ayikhawulezi kwaye, masithi, ayikho enye. Uninzi lwabaninzi lwabantwana luyayiqonda kakuhle ulwimi (okanye nokuba ngu-2-3), abahlala beva, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziphi iilwimi zabo. Kubalulekile kuphela ukukhumbula ukujonga le nkqubo kwaye ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iimeko apho kuyimfuneko ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza nomlomo wengcali, kwaye xa kulungile ukulinda nje.
BONISA IXESHA LENTSHONA
Izakhono zoLwimi zenziwe ngokupheleleyo kumntwana kuphela kwiminyaka emi-5-6. Ngako oko, izandi ezinzima kunokuba zenzeke ngolwimi lwesiRashiya (ukubethela ikhwelo kunye nokuhlambalaza, kunye ne "l" kunye "p") akunakunikwa ngokukhawuleza. Iingcali zeentetho zibiza le meko yegama elithi "ulwimi oluthile lomntwana" kwaye uyicinge njengesiqhelo. Kakade ke, oku akuthethi ukuba ufanele uhlale ungenzi lutho uze ulinde umntwana ade afunde yonke into: udlale naye, ukhangele ngefuthe iimpazamo. Kwaye ukuba uqaphela ngokukhawuleza nayiphina impawu ebangelwa yintsimbi yokuthetha ngaphambili, ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele "ulawulo lokudala", ngaphandle kokulibaziseka, dibana nodokotela.
IINGXELO ZEMIBUZO ENYE KWABANTWANA 5-6 IMINYAKA
Umntwana ulahla okanye i-gargles
Ukuthetha okungalunganga kokubethekisa kunye nokubethela ikhwelo (c, s, w, sh, g), kunye nokutsala (p, l) kwiminyaka emi-5-6 yinto eqhelekileyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-dyslasia esebenzayo. Njengomthetho, awuhambanga ngokwalo - uthethwano lweengcali zomlomo luyimfuneko.
Umntwana uthetha encinci kwaye akazalisekanga isigama sakhe
Malunga nomntwana onjalo bathi yena, njengenja, uyaqonda yonke into, kodwa akakwazi ukuthetha. Abantwana abangathuliyo okanye abantwana abambelele kwisiteji se "babble babble" ("umama", "bika", "kaka", njl njl.), Njengomthetho, bahlushwa yi-alalia okuthiwa. Ukuba umntwana wakho uyaqhubeka ukusebenzisa amagama amaninzi emva kweminyaka emibili, ayitshintshi amagama ngamatyala aze adibanise inombolo yesini, kuyimfuneko ukujongana ngokukhawuleza kwintetho yomlomo.
Umntwana uthetha ngokungalunganga amagama
Xa uneminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala, amagama amantombazana ahlekisayo ("u-chopper" esikhundleni sokuthi "inqatha", "umhlengikazi" endaweni ye "berry", njl. Njl.) Ukhupha imvakalelo. Ukuba umntwana uyaqhubeka ephazamisa amagama kwiminyaka emi-5-6, eli sihlandlo sokumangalisa i-dyspraxia, oko kukuthi, ukuphuhliswa kokuvalelwa kweefono. Ngokukhawuleza uqhagamshelana neengcali, bhetele.
Umntwana akakwazi ukukhumbula ngeencwadana ngekhanda
Ukuze ukwazi ukufunda ngokucacileyo ngeli xesha akudingekile, kodwa umntwana makamsheshe akhumbule iileta aze enze amagama amfutshane kubo. Ukuba izifundo zakho azikho naziphi na iziphumo, mhlawumbi umntwana wakho une-dyslexia (eqhelekileyo kwisikolo saseprayimari yinkinga). Ukuba uvumela izinto zidibanise, le mposiso iya kuhlala kunye naye ebomini.
Umntwana ubhala ngokungalunganga, nokuba wazi yonke imigaqo
Kwi sifundo sencwadi umntwana ulahleka kwaye adibanise iileta, ayikhohlwe ukugqiba isigwebo, "akayiva" amagama atyunjiweyo. Ukuba umntwana ubambelele ngenkuthalo, kodwa uqhubeka ebhala kakubi, oku kuthetha ukuba unobungqina bokungqubana okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-dysorphography. Ezi ziyimpawu zentetho yokuthetha entetho yomntwana. Kule meko, ingcali yonyango kuphela (okanye i-logo-pathologist) inokukunceda.
Kufuneka uqaphele nokuba:
♦ unokukhulelwa okunzima okanye ukuzala;
♦ Umntwana uyaxhatshazwa yonyango okanye walimala eneminyaka engama-1-2;
♦ eneminyaka emibini ubudala umntwana akazange aqale ukuthetha;
♦ Umntwana uthetha ngokungathethiyo ukuba kuqondwa kuphela ngabazali nezihlobo ezifutshane;
♦ Umntwana akathethi amagama okanye ukuvakalisa kuphela izilwanyana zabo (umzekelo, iidubhu);
♦ umntwana osiswini.
Yiya kuLOGOPEDU
Ukukhetha inkcazo efanelekileyo kwintsana yakho, kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo kule miqondiso emininzi elandelayo.
5 iimpawu zesipilisi esihle sokuthetha:
♦ Ukwazi ukuthetha nabantwana;
♦ intetho efanelekileyo nolungileyo;
♦ Iiklasi ezinomdla ezihlelwe ngendlela yemidlalo;
♦ Ukulungele ukuxelela abazali ngeendlela zabo zonke, malunga nenjongo yesenzo ngasinye;
♦ Indlela yomntu ngamnye kumntwana (umzekelo, ukwenqaba ukunceda ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele "ixesha elifunekayo" kufuneka akuqaphele).
Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
Iingcali zeengxoxo azenzi iziprofeto ezinjalo. Icandelo ngalinye limele, kwaye ngamnye umntwana uhlukile. Ngesinye, isandi "p" sinokulungiswa kwisifundo se-1-2, kwaye esinye isiqingatha sonyaka siya kukwanela. Impumelelo ixhomekeke ekukhutheni nokunyamezela-kokubili kunye nomntwana wakho.
EZINYE IZIMPAWU
Akukho nto ixhalabele ngayo ngabazali ngeentsilelo zokuthetha kuthetha ukuba umntwana unengxaki ze-logopedic. Akukho zikhetho ezininzi, kodwa zinokwenzeka.
Umntwana ufumana uxinzelelo
Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphakama kwentetho yomntwana (iminyaka eyi-1.5) ihambelane nesiganeko esinzima ebomini bakhe, umzekelo, ngesifo, ukusebenza okanye nje ukuqala kwe-epic ebizwa ngokuthi "i-kindergarten". Kule meko, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana uya kunika ukuphendulwa kolwimi ngokuxinzelelekileyo: uya kuqalisa ukuguqula okanye ukuphazamisa amagama, ahambe kwiintetho, njl. Kule nto, kuyimfuneko, okokuqala, ukuba uhlole indlela ukuphuculwe kwengqondo kwintsana kumntwana. kwintsimi okanye kwikhaya, okwesibini, ukuzungezela umntwana ngokufudumala kunye nokukhathalela okuqhelekileyo: ngokuqhelekileyo ukudlala naye kwimidlalo ethule, ukufunda okanye ukuthetha ngento entsha.
Musa ukuthetha? Jonga ulwimi!
Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, xa ukubunjwa kwesiqhelo kolwimi kuphelelwa yinto emfutshane kakhulu kwimvelo (okanye nokuba engekho) i-frenulum yolwimi. Enyanisweni, ulwimi luthintele ukuhamba ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ezinye (okanye zonke) zivakala umntwana akakwazi ukuthetha ngokusemthethweni. Kukho imizekelo emininzi apho abazali babecinga ukuba abantwana babo basisithulu kwaye besisidenge, kwaye ke, xa bebaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya ku-6 ekugqibeleni bawazisa kugqirha (apho, ngokuqinisekileyo banqumla umyalelo ngokukhawuleza), abantwana, ngokungathi ngomlingo, baqala sitsho konke okuye kwaqokelela kuyo iminyaka yokuthula ... Ungayijonga le nkcazelo ebalulekileyo yesicatshulwa sokuthetha ngokwakho. Buza umntwana ukuba achukumise intloko yolwimi kwisiseko sezinyo eziphezulu, kwaye ke, ngaphandle kokukrazula, vula umlomo wakhe ngokubanzi. Ukuba umlomo uvula, kuthetha ukuba yonke into ihambelana nomgaqo. Ukuba akunjalo, umda, mhlawumbi, uncishiswe okanye awukho. Njengomthetho, oogqirha bacebisa ukusika. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umda unobuncwane obaneleyo kunye nobude obude, ungazama ukuwulula ngokuzilolonga.
IKHAYA LOGOPEDIA
Ukuba ufuna ukufundisa umntwana wakho ukuba athethe ngokucacileyo nangokuchanekileyo, zama ukujongana nayo ngoncedo lomdlalo.
Sandisa i sigama
Kumntwana ngokukhawuleza ufunde amagama amatsha, ungawafundi kuye, kodwa uthetha nje emoyeni wendalo. Funda izibongo, xubusha okwenzekayo. Yenza uhambo oluqhelekileyo uhambo olude: cela umntwana, luhlobo luni lwezothutho oya kuhamba ngalo, uza kuthatha ntoni nawe, njl njl.
Ukuphuhlisa intetho
Ungaqala ukuhlakulela intetho ukususela ebusaneni: umzekelo, ukuba umntwana uthetha isandi, uyayiphakamisa kwaye uyaphinda kaninzi. Emva kokuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiweyo, umntwana uya kuqonda ukuba lo mdlalo, kwaye uqala ukuphinda izandi ezilula kunye neengoma ezisekho emva kwakho (njenge "ma-ma-ma", "ba-ba-ba"). Ngexesha elizayo, imisebenzi iya kuba yinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi: umntwana unokukwazi ukunikezelwa ukugqiba umgca wevesi eliqhelekileyo: "Bawahlalisa ibhere ..." - "... phantsi", njl njl.
Yintoni enokuyenza ngeleta "p" ...
Musa ukulibala ukuba ukubiza ngokuchanekileyo kwesandi "p" senziwa kuphela kwiminyaka engama-4-5! Musa ukuthulisa umntwana ngale ngxaki, ungayinyanzelisi ukuba yinkimbinkimbi. Unokucula ngengoma ekhethekileyo ("ra-ra-ra", "quack-quack", njl.), Kodwa kuphela ngomyalelo womdlalo. Ukusetyenziswa kwangempela kwenziwa kakuhle phantsi kokhokelo lwengcali yomlomo xa umntwana wakho engaqali ukuvakalisa zonke izandi ngokuchanekileyo ngeminyaka emi-5-6.
Iinqwelo zokulwa
Abanye abantwana, ngenxa yeemfuno ezikhethekileyo "ukuqonda" kwabantu abadala, bafike kwisigqibo sokuba akufuneki ukuba bathethe nonke: umphumo ofunwayo unokufezekiswa ngezinye iindlela: ngokumemeza, ukuzithobela, ukulinganisa, nokujonga okubonakalayo. Mphendule nge sixhobo esifanayo: endaweni yokuthetha uzama ukuthetha ngolwazi kunye nempawu kunye nemiqondiso. Kwaye yonke imizamo yakhe "yokuthetha" ngaphandle kwamazwi kunye nephazamisekile ukugxotha amahlombe akhe, bathi, andiyiqondi. Awuyi kukholwa ukuba umntwana uya kuqonda ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufuna ukuthetha.
OKUNCEDA NOKWENZA
Unceda:
1. Umntwana uhlala kwintsapho kunye nabazalwana nodade abadala
2. Abazali baninzi kwaye bathetha ngokuchanekileyo nomntwana
3. Abazali balawula ukubethelwa kwezandi kunye nokulungisa umntwana.
4. Abazali bafunda umntwana ngokuvakalayo ngaphambi kokulala nokuxoxa ngokufunda
5. Umntwana unethuba lokudlala kunye noontanga
Ukungena phakathi:
1. Abazali abanxibelelwano oluncinane nomntwana
2. Abazali balula umntwana
3. Izifo ze-neuropathic kunye neentsholongwane (kubini kubantwana nabazali)
4. Ukungabi nentshukumo yokuhamba
5. Ukungabikho kwemvakalelo emihle
IINKCUKACHA ZEZILWIMI ZOLWIMI LOKUQEQESHA
(eyenziwa phambi kwesibuko)
1. indebe. Vula umlomo wakho ngokubanzi, yenza ulwimi "ifosholo", yiphakamise imizuzwana eyi-10 kwaye uyikhuphe kumazinyo angaphezulu (ngaphandle kokubathinta)
2. I-FROG. Vula umlomo wakho, cindezela ngolwimi lwakho ngokuchasene nentlungu kwaye, ngaphandle kokuqhaqhaqhawula kude, unqabise ngamandla umhlathi wesihla
3. NEEDLE. Vula umlomo wakho uphinde ukhuphe iteksi encinane kwimizuzwana engu-15 ukuya kunokwenzeka
IINGCANDELO ZEMIQOQO ENTSHA
Iingcali ziye zaphawula ukuba xa unomntwana "othenda" inxaxheba ekwenzeni amagama (yenza amagama angavamile, nangona ehambelana nemithetho yolwimi, kodwa ayisebenzisi kuwo), ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufunde igrama kwaye ufunde ezinye iilwimi. Emva koko, ngumntu onobuqhetseba obunenkohliso obungasetyenziswayo onokuzakhela izinto ezinjengokuthi "khetha iqanda" okanye "cima umjikelezi".