Kodwa ixesha elifanelekileyo, ngexesha lokuya esibhedlele, iyure enye emva kokuqala kweempawu; xa usalinde ixesha elide, ukuphakama komngcipheko wokufa. Kodwa a baninzi abafazi abaqapheli nakwinqanaba lomngcipheko. Kubo, isibonakaliso sokuqala sesifo senhliziyo sisoloko sisifo senhliziyo. Yilapho bafumanisa ukuba banomfutho ophezulu wegazi okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu. Ngethuba elifanayo, banokuqala ukubona ukuba ukutshaya kuyonakalisa impilo yabo. Isizathu sesifo senhliziyo asikacaci, kodwa siya kunceda ukukhusela.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesifo
Enyanisweni, imiqondiso yesifo ingavela ngaphambi kokuba uya kuziva iimpawu zabo. I-autopsy yamantombazana asetsheni abulawa kwiingozi zeemoto yabonisa ukuba kukho i-cholesterol plaques kwiindonga zempahla-iifom zokwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo. Abaninzi abasetyhini abaqapheli ukuba nangona bengenayo impawu, banokuzibhenca kwiimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo zengozi, kubandakanywa ukungabikho komzimba kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanani amaninzi okwenyukayo. Ngokomzekelo, emva kokufumana iziphumo zolu vavanyo, abanye abagijimi bezemidlalo baqhutywe kakhulu xa befunda ukuba bephakanyisile amazinga e-cholesterol okanye bebesondele ekugxinineni kwaye bebesengozini. Kwafuneka ndibachazele ukuba isifo senhliziyo asinandaba naluphi ubungakanani obunxibayo - 48 okanye 60. Usemngciphekweni ukuba ubuncinane impawu zifunyenwe - umzekelo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Oogqirha abahlala bekwazi ukujonga ngokukhawuleza isifo senhliziyo kwaye akubona bonke oogqirha abaqaphela indlela ezazisasazeka ngayo ezi zifo ziphakathi kwabasetyhini. Ukulinda okwaneleyo oogqirha, xa kuziwa kwiimpawu zesifo senhliziyo esisetyhini kwabasetyhini, kukhwankqisayo. Kuye kwenzeka ukuba oogqirha abangaphantsi kwe-20%, kubandakanya ababelethi bezintsholongwane, oogqirha kunye ne-cardiologists, bayazi ukuba ngamnye unyaka abafazi bafa ngesifo senhliziyo kunamadoda. Kwaye izifundo eziqhutyelwe eYurophu zabonisa ukuba abasetyhini abaneentliziyo ziyingozi kabini ukufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba abazange baphumelele uvavanyo olufike ngexesha kwaye abazange bathathe imithi yokuthintela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-cholesterol.
Oku akunjalo ukuhlaselwa ...
Ingxenye yengxaki kukuba oogqirha bavame ukukhangela iimpawu zeklasi zokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, njengentlungu evuthayo okanye ukuvutha komlilo esifubeni esasazeka entanyeni okanye kwindawo yamagxa. Nangona ezi zibonakaliso zikhona, aziyi kuba ziyisiseko. Kuphando lwezenzululwazi kuye kwafunyanwa ukuba abangaphezu kwe-70% yabasetyhini ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo bafumana ubuthathaka, phantse ihafu-ukuphefumula, kwaye malunga no-40% bakhala ngesityholo ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa. Abasetyhini abaninzi abaye bahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 no-50 bakhononda ukuba abazange bakwazi ukuhla ngeyitepsi okanye bahambe ngokusuka kwelinye icala baphinde baye kwelinye - banikezelwa ubunzima obukhulu. Abaninzi babekholelwa ukuba babegqithise okanye banokubonisa ubudala.
Amalungelo alinganayo ngesini
Ukwahluka kweempawu kunokuchazwa ngokwahlukileyo kwi-physiology. Abasetyhini banakho ukuhlakulela izifo ezincinci okanye ukukhutshwa kwemibhobho ye-coronary encinci kunamadoda. Phantse izigidi ezizigidi zintombi ezithwaxwa zizifo zentliziyo ziyafumaneka ukuba zinolu hlobo lokuxilongwa. Indlela enjalo yokumisela umngcipheko wokuvelisa izifo zentliziyo, njenge-angiogram ebonisa ukuba kukho iifomethi kwiindonga ezinkulu zeeronari, apho amadoda achaphazelekayo, akusebenzi kakuhle ekufumaneni iincinci ezincinane kwiindonga zeempahla ezincinci. Kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba izigidi zamabhinqa azikwazi ukubala kwi-diagnostic echanekileyo. Namhlanje, izifundo ziqhubekile ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezinje zokuxilonga njenge-magnetic resonance kunye ne-computer engiography, ekufuneka iphumelele ngakumbi ekufumaneni izifo ezincinci kwiintombi.
Iyintoni umphumo wale nto ingentla?
Ukususela ekubeni isifo senhliziyo sinzima ukuxilonga kwaye abaninzi bethu bancipha ingozi yabo, kubalulekile ukujonga ngakumbi impilo yakho: ukuqonda uxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo kunye neqondo le-cholesterol kwaye ukwazi ukuqonda iimpawu ezixhalabisa. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwenza utshintsho oluthile kwiindlela zakho zokuphila eziza kunceda ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwama-80% eengxaki zesifo senhliziyo kwabasetyhini zidibaniswa nokutshaya nokuphila ngendlela yokuhlala. Akukho nyeza ekhusela isifo senhliziyo. Ukugcina impilo enempilo, udinga ixesha kunye nomzamo wokutshintsha imikhwa yakho. Ukubeka nje, ukuba awufuni ukwandisa izibalo zakho ezidabukisayo, qala ukunyamekela intliziyo yakho namhlanje.
Isiqingatha seyure intliziyo enempilo
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthethwa ukuba imfundo yempilo ejolise ekuphuculeni impilo idinga indlela eyahlukileyo kunomsebenzi olula kumfanekiso. Kodwa izifundo zibonisa ukuba unokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo ngo-40%, senza imizuzu engama-30-40 ngosuku. Eli nani ngokwayo sisisusa esihle. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kukunceda ukuqinisa intliziyo yentliziyo, ukuphucula imiphunga nokujikeleza kwegazi, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwe "cholesterol". Ukongezelela oku, ukunyamezela kukunceda ukulawula ubunzima, oko kukuthintela ukwanda kwexinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokubonakala kwesifo sikashukela - izinto ezinobungozi bezifo zentliziyo. Ukwenza imidlalo iphumelele kakhulu, sincoma ukuba sisebenze ngokunyaniseka kwe-50-80% yentlawulo yakho yentliziyo evamile. Inkqubo yoqeqesho ephawulwe apha iquka ukusebenza okuphakathi kwe-high-to-high and helps you to rid out 300 calories.
Ukuzivocavoca ngentliziyo yakho
Kule program yoqeqesho, nayiphi na indlela yokuhamba, ukuqhuba, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okanye umqeqeshi we-elliptical ufanelekile. Yenza ama-3-5 amaxesha ngeveki ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa kwamandla. Izigaba zokuqala zesifo senhliziyo kaninzi ayinayo impawu ezinzima. Yingakho kulungele ukudlula inani leemvavanyo esele zisencinane.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi
Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo, ugqirha ugqiba amandla oxinzelelo lwegazi kwimithanjeni yegazi ngexesha lentsholongwane nganye yentliziyo. Eyona nto ingumngcipheko ophantsi kwe-120/80. Iziphumo zezifundo zibonisa ukuba njengoko ingcinezelo ikhula (ngaphezu kwe-115/75), umngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwezifo zentliziyo ukwanda ngokukodwa. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luqhelekile, jonga oko kanye ngonyaka. Ukuba uxinzelelo luphakanyisiwe (120-139 / 80) okanye phezulu (ngaphezu kwe-140/90), kufuneka ulinganise njalo emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuya kuzinza.
Igazi legazi leshukela ngokuzila
Olu vavanyo lubonisa i-glucose, okanye umxholo weshukela, egazini lakho emva kweeyure eziyi-8 emva kokutya. Iziphumo zesifundo esikhulu sokufunda ukuba malunga nokufa kwabantu abayizigidi eziyi-1.5 ezivela kwisifo senhliziyo kunye nokufa kwabantu abayi-709,000 kwaba ngumphumo wezinga eliphezulu le-glucose. Isetyhu efanelekileyo yegazi akufanele ifike kwi-99 mg / dL. Abasetyhini abangenayo ingozi ebomngeni kufuneka bafumane olu vavanyo xa beneminyaka engama-40. Ukuba izalathisi ziqhelekileyo, kufuneka uyenze iimvavanyo eziphindaphindiweyo kwiminyaka embalwa. Ukuba izinga leshukela liphezulu, phinda iimvavanyo zenyanga ezintandathu.
Cholesterol
Ngethuba lokuvavanya igazi, i-cholesterol ephezulu (ie, "entle"), i-cholesterol ephantsi (ie, "embi") kunye ne-triglycerides (uhlobo oluthile lweoli oluhambisana nokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela kunye negazi eliphezulu). Amanqanaba aphakamileyo e-cholesterol ephantsi azinokubangela ukubunjwa kwamathala kwiindonga zeempahla, ngelixa i-cholesterol ephezulu iyanceda ukususa amanqatha ukusuka egazini ukuya kwisibindi apho ikwahlukana. Inqanaba lakho le-cholesterol lifanele libe ngaphantsi kwama-200, ngelixa i-cholesterol engaphantsi kwee-intanethi ayifanele idlule kwi-100, i-cholesterol ephakamileyo yamanani kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-50, kwaye inqanaba le-triglyceride kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-150. Ukuba zonke iiparitha ziqhelekileyo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-cholesterol kunokwenziwa kanye iminyaka emihlanu. Ukuba aphakanyisiwe, oogqirha bacebisa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ngonyaka.
Protein e sebenza
Olu vavanyo lwegazi luchaza umxholo wegazi weprotheyini esebenzayo, okuyiyo inkqubo yeenkqubo ezivuthayo ezinxulumene nobungozi besifo senhliziyo. Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu, njengesiqingatha seentlungu zentliziyo zenzeka kubantu abanezinga eliqhelekileyo le-cholesterol. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba amanqanaba aphakamileyo eprotheyini e-reactive kubasetyhini abonakalisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, nangona ukuba izinga le-cholesterol elincinci liqhelekile. Ukuba usemngciphekweni wesifo senhliziyo, jongana novavanyo oluyiminyaka engama-30 kwaye, kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo, uphinda rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-4.
Electrocardiogram
I-ECG inikeza ithuba lokuvavanya umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho. Ngoncedo lwee-electrodes ezifakwe kwisifuba, izandla kunye neenyawo, ugqirha ubhala iimpembelelo zombane ezidlula kwi-heart muscle. Yenza i-cardiogram kwiminyaka eyi-35 ukuya kwe-40. Ukuba konke kulungelelwano, ke uviwo lwesibini luyakwenziwa kwiminyaka emi-3-5.
Uvavanyo lokunyamezela
Olu vavanyo luchaza indlela intliziyo yakho ejongene ngayo neengcinezelo, okuyiyo inkcazo yeso sifo se-coronary disease. Ngethuba uhamba okanye ugijima kwi-scrollreader, ulwazi malunga nomsebenzi wentliziyo lugqityiwe ngeendlela zombane ezifakwe kwisifuba kunye nesixhobo sokulinganisa uxinzelelo. Ukuba ukhathala ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka ufunde ukuvavanywa koxinzelelo.
Imikhwa emi-5 iyingozi kwinhliziyo yakho
Xa kuziwa ekunciphiseni ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, nokuba utshintsho oluncinci
endleleni yobomi ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokunyamekela wonke umntu ojikelezile, uhlala ulibala ngeemfuno zakho, ekugqibeleni ekugqibeleni ukuxinezeleka. Kuyaziwa ukuba ukuxinwa kunye nokungondleki kunye nokungabikho komsebenzi kuyinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo senhliziyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwisifundo esenziwa ngabaososayensi kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorida, kwafunyanwa ukuba ukukhathazeka kwengqondo kwandisa ingozi yokufa kwizigulane ezinesifo senhliziyo. Ukuba uqala ukuhlakulela imikhuba enokukunceda ukujamelana nokuxhalaba kunye nokuxhalabisa, ngoko kwixesha elizayo ungakuphepha ukuphuhliswa kwengcinezelo engapheliyo. Nsuku zonke, fumana ixesha lokunyusa, kuba yiminithi eyi-10 yokucamngca okanye ukugijima epakini.
Udla amafutha anobungozi
Abafazi abaninzi banamathele kwizidlo ezincinci kunye ne-cookie, i-cookies, i-coese-cheese - zonke ezo zinto ziqukethe inani elikhulu leekhalori, kodwa zinexabiso elincinci lokutya. Ikhetho elifanelekileyo liza kusetyenziswa imodareyithatated fat (i-rapeseed, i-olive butter and nut butter) kunye namafutha e-polyunsaturated (intlanzi enamafutha, umzekelo, i-salmon, kunye neentonga, i-flaxseed, i-sesame kunye neoli ye-sunflower); la mafutha anomthelela ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol kwaye ibangele ingqiqo. Zama ukufumana i-30% yenani lemihla yeekhalori kunye namafutha enempilo kwaye ungaphantsi kwama-7% - kunye ne-saturated (yonke imveliso yobisi, inyama ebomvu kunye nebhotela). Gwema ukusebenzisa i-trans fat (ukutya okuthosiweyo, ukutya okutyiweyo, igargarine). Efunyenwe kwimifuno yemifuno ekhethiweyo e-hydro-genized, amafutha atshintshe ukwandisa izinga le-cholesterol elincinci kwaye unciphise i-cholesterol ephezulu.
Uyakholelwa ukuba imikhwa emibi ihlawulwa
Uxolo, kodwa ukuba uyadla ezininzi izityalo kunye nemifuno akuthethi ukuba ukutshaya nokungafihlisi umzimba akuchaphazeli impilo yakho nangayiphi na indlela. Umongo ngamnye kufuneka uphathwe ngokwahlukileyo, oogqirha bathi.
Awudli iimveliso zobisi
Uphando olutshanje olwenziwa yi-University of Harvard lulwazi lubonise ukuba abantu abadla iimveliso zobisi kunye ne yogurt ezingaphezu kwezi-3 ngosuku, amathuba angama-36% angaphantsi kweengcinezelo zegazi ngaphezu kwalabo abasebenzisa ngaphantsi komsebenzi omnye. Okubonakalayo, umxholo ophantsi we-calcium ekudleni kwakho uhlawulelwa ngamaseli e-calcium e-muscle ehamba phambili yemithambo, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni nasekunyuseni kwixinzelelo, iingcali zichaza. Ukungena kwe-calcium kunye neezongezo zokutya akukwazi ukutshintshwa okufanayo, kuba iimveliso zobisi ziqukethe ne-potassium kunye ne-magnesium, iimaminera ezinceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Awunakulanga ngokukhawuleza iilebula kwimveliso
Unokubeka iliso inani leekhalori, umxholo we-fat, kodwa ungayithobeli ezinye iimpawu. Iimveliso ezininzi eziye zenziwa ngeekhemikhali ziqukethe inani elikhulu le-sodium. Ngoko ke ukuba ube neekhalori eziphantsi, zisalimaza imithwalo yegazi. Zama ukugcina ukutya kwe-sodium yonke imihla kungadluli kwi-2,300 mg. Ukongeza, ukuba izinga le-glucose egazini lakho landa, kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo yemali ye-carbohydrates. Eyona ndlela, loo mveliso ifanele ibe ne-20% ye-intanethi ye-carbohydrates kunye nancinci ama-5 amagrefri. Ekugqibeleni, gwema ukutya ukutya kunye namafutha athile (okanye i-trans fat), kwaye phawula ukuba kunye nokutya okuqulethe i-0.5 gram ye-trans fat, ilebula ingabonisa ukuba akukho namnye .