Enye indlela yokunciphisa inani lokukhupha isisu - kukho ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezicwangciso zokukhulelwa.
Ukukhethwa kwindlela yokukhulelwa komzimba kwenziwa ngokuqwalasela iinkalo ezininzi-izakhiwo ezingezizo zokukhusela ezingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula impilo yabasetyhini kunye nokukhusela isibalo sezilwanyana zesisu, ukunyaniseka kwendlela, ukhuseleko, kunye nesimo sengqondo somfazi kwisithintelo sokukhulelwa. Ukusebenza kwanoma yiyiphi imithwalo yokukhusela iboniswa ngongoma yePerl, enqunywe inani lokukhulelwa kwabasetyhini abangama-100 abasebenzisa le ndlela yonyaka.
Phakathi kweendlela zokukhusela ukuhlukanisa:
- hormonal
- intrauterine zixhobo
- umqobo
- unyango
- Postcoital.
Indlela yeHormonal yokukhulelwa.
Kule ndlela, iindlela ezinjalo zisetyenziswa:
idibeneyo (isrogen-gestagenic) yokukhulelwa komlomo;
- contraceptive oral gestagenic (i-mil-drank);
- Iipilisi zokukhusela ezikhuselweyo;
- Ukuzaliswa kwezicathulo.
Kukho amacandelo angatshatanga aqulethe kuphela enye progestin kwaye idibeneyo yokukhulelwa komlomo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kokukhulelwa komlomo (ii-COCs) zisebenza ngendlela enesistim ephezulu kunye neprogesational.
I-COC inqanda ukuveliswa kwama-hormone afake isandla kwi-ovulation. Utshintsho kwi-endometrium, ngelixa uthabatha i-COC, ungavumeli iqanda elichumayo lifakwe. Kwaye kunye neCOC uncedo lokunciphisa igazi elahlekile ngexesha lokuphuma kwexesha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuya esikhathini, intlungu, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa izifo ezithile.
Ukungaphumeleli kufaka iimeko ezenza ngezinye iimeko xa kuthathwa iiCOC. Eyokuqala, oku kusisikizi esikhulu, isisu, intlanzi, ukuxhalabisa.
Iingenelelo zendlela : ukusebenza kakuhle, ukulungelelaniswa kokusetyenziswa, ukuphindaphinda, umphumo omuhle kumsebenzi wokuzala kunye ngokubanzi kumzimba wesibini (isikhumba, iinwele) ziphucula. Abasetyhini abahlala rhoqo kunye nexesha elide (ubuncinane ubuneminyaka emi-2) bathatha i-COC kunciphisa kakhulu imvama yezifo ze-oncological zenkqubo yokuzala, ukuphuhliswa koxinzelelo kunye ne-postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Ukungqinelana nokusetyenziswa kwe- COC ukukhulelwa, ukuphazamiseka kwamascular ngexesha okanye kwi-anamnesis (uxinzelelo lwegazi, thrombophlebitis, i-IHS, imivimbo). Awukwazi ukutshaya abafazi emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-35, ngesifo sesibindi esihambelana nokuphulwa komsebenzi wayo, izifo ezixhomekeke kwi-hormones, ukuvela kwegazi lokungabikho kwe-etiology, ukukhuluphala.
Ukukhulelwa komlomo nge-Gestagenic .
Ziquka kuphela iprogesin. Izithintelo zokukhulelwa kwe-gestagenic zisebenza kakuhle kubasetyhini abadala. Zivame ukuba zichazwe ukuba ziye zibuhlungu kwaye ziqheqele ukuhamba, i-mastalgia, i-premenstrual syndrome. Enye yeemeko ezibalulekileyo kukuba izidakamizwa ze-gestagen ziyakuthathwa ngexesha lokutya.
Ukukhulelwa kwexesha lokukhusela.
Kukho i-estrogen-gestagenic yokukhulelwa kweyeza kunye nenxalenye enye, equka ama-progestogens okwenza ixesha elide. Kule qela leziyobisi, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yi-depot-provera.
Kungekudala, basebenzisa izidakamizwa zokufakelwa kwe-gestagenic . ezi zilungiselelo ngeefomsile zifakwe phantsi kwesikhumba. Oku kunika umphumo wokukhulelwa kweminyaka emihlanu.
I-intrauterine ye-contraception device (IUD).
Uterine "spirals" zisetyenziselwa ukukhulelwa kwezilwanyana zangaphakathi. Banciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-spermatozoa, ukuphucula izakhiwo ze-spermicidal ze-endometrium, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweqanda, ukukhuthaza i-antiperistalsis yamathambo e-fallopian.
Ukuba ukukhulelwa kwenzekile, ukuqala kokukhulelwa kuphethwe ngu: utshintsho kwi-peristalsis ye-tubes kunye nomsebenzi onesivumelwano esibelethwayo, utshintsho kwiinkqubo ze-endometrium.
I-Hormonal intrauterine contraceptive (Mirena), ngaphezu koko, i-secrete i-hormone kwaye ibangela iziphumo zokukhulelwa kwe-hormone-conditioning.
Ukungqinelana kwi-IUD: ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa xa ukhulelwa, umhlaza wesibeleko okanye umlomo wesibeleko, ukuphuma kwegazi, izifo zesifo somzimba. Ukuba kukho ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kwi-anemnesis, ngoko kusetyenziswa i-IUDs kuphela xa ezinye i-contraceptive zingqiniswanga.
Izindlela zokurhoxiswa kweendlela zokukhulelwa.
Ezi zibandakanya: iikhondomu zamadoda, izithintelo zesisu, iingqamlezo zesisu kunye ne-spermicides.
Iindlela zokuqhawula ngokweqhekeza ezithintekayo zenza imingcipheko engummiselo wokungena kwesidoda kwisisini (ikhondom), kunye nomlomo wesibeleko (i-caps, i-diaphragms), inacacise isityalo (spermicide). I-Spermicides ikhona ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo - iifom, i-jellies, iipilisi ezenza i-foaming, iiponji.
Isici esilungileyo seendlela ezithile zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa komzimba kukuba banomhlaba kwinqanaba elithile ukukhusela ukusasazeka kwezifo zesondo. Iikhondom zenziwe nge-latex kwaye ziphumelele kakhulu ngokusuleleka kuGawulayo kunye ne-virus ye-hepatitis B ne-C.
Uphando lwe-contraception lusetyenziswa kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi. Ukusebenza kolu hlobo lokukhulelwa kwe-contraception kufinyelela kuma-100%, nangona iimeko zokukhulelwa kunye emva kokuzaliswa komzimba zichazwe. Ukutyalwa kwentsholongwane yowesibini kuqhutyelwa ngamathambo e-fallopian kwi-laparoscopic ukuhlinzwa, kunye nendoda ngokugqoka i-deferens. Ukungonakali kweli ndlela kungukungathethiyo.
Ukukhulelwa kwe-postcoital kusetyenziswa xa isenzo sesondo, esingakhuselekanga ngezinye iindlela, sele senzekile . Sebenzisa ii-tablet ze-COC - 2-4, kungekhona ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-72 emva kokulala ngokwesibini kwiiyure eziyi-12.
UDinazol, i-postinor idliwe kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-72 kabini kwiiyure eziyi-12.
Kukho indlela yokushisa yokukhulelwa . Isekelwe ekuthinteni ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo iintsuku ezi-3 ngaphambi kweentsuku ezingama-3-4 emva kokuvuthwa. Ukuchonga usuku lokusebenzisa i-ovulation usebenzisa uvavanyo lokushisa kwe-basal kunye netafile. Iiprogram ezikhethekileyo zingalandwa kwi-intanethi kwaye zifake kuphela ukushisa okubalulekileyo kwimihla ngemihla. Inkqubo ngokwawo inquma usuku lokuhamba.