Kuyaziwa ukuba onke amantombazana adibana neentyatyambo. Abanye bayayithanda xa i-bouquet inikezwa ngumthandayo. Kwaye abanye ngokwabo bakhula iintyatyambo kunye nekhaya labo, endlwini yangasese okanye kwilizwe. Ngosuku ngalunye lweqabunga ludlulile lusetshentshi. Kwaye kufuneka ukhethe kwangaphambili ukuba imibala kulo nyaka siza kuhobisa ibhedi yentyatyambo. Ezinye zeentyantyambo ezintle kunye ezingenakuthobeka ziyavela. Ngako oko, sikhula sikhula kwiqonga lomhlaba.
Ulwazi malunga ne-irises.
Irises - enye yezityalo ezidala kunazo zonke. EYiputa yamandulo bahlwayelwa kwiigadi zaseCleopatra. Ngolwimi lwesiGrike igama elithi "iris" lithetha "umolobo". Ukubonakalisa kooboya bomnkqenkqonkqozo lwangumthikazikazi u-Iris, isithunywa sabothixo, isichazi sokuthanda kwabo.
Phakathi kweentlobo zeentlobo zegadi ze-irises ezidumileyo phakathi kwabaflorisi, ezi ziintlobo zeentlobo zeendlovu. Bahlulwe ngamaqela amathathu. Ezi ziphantsi: i-flower stem ifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-25 ukuya kuma-36 centimitha. Sredstar: 37-70 centimeters. Yaye iinduli zide ngaphezu kweentimitha ezingama-70. Xa ukukhula kuvela kwisiqwenga, khumbula ukuba ixesha lemibala yazo lixhomekeke kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo nokukhula. Unokuhlala kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwinyanga enye.
Irises inexhamla enye: kwi-bouquet, yonke i-buds ekhoyo kwi-peduncle ihluma kwi-irises cut. Ubungakanani beentyatyambo nganye ku-10-15 okanye ngaphezulu kweentimitha ububanzi. Ngobabalo befomu, iris flower ziyakwazi ukuncintisana neentyatyambo ze-orchid. Umbala we-perianth uhlukaniswe ngolo hlobo lwemibala emangalisayo. Ingxenye ephezulu ye-perianth, ukongezelela, inokuziqhayisa ngokukrakra kwe-silky iridescent. Kwaye iipalesi ezantsi zibonisa isakhiwo se-velvet. Iintlobo ezininzi zinamakha amanqabileyo.
Khetha indawo yokutshala irises.
Xa kutyalwe ikhefu, ukukhethwa kwendawo kubalulekile. Ezi ntyatyambo zifuna kakhulu ukushisa kwelanga kusasa. Oku kufuneka kukhunjulwe. Ukuze ujabulele imilambo eninzi, ungabalimi kufuphi nezityalo ezinkulu. Izihlahla kunye nemithi iya kuthatha umswakama. Kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe indawo ezixilisiweyo, ezibheke kakuhle, apho ikhephu lingabikho ebusika. Ukuphambukiswa okuncinane kwinqanaba lasezantsi okanye eliseningizimu-ntshona kuyamkeleka. Inyulo ekhanyisiweyo yokubunjwa okukhethiweyo ikhethwa. Ubungakanani bomhlaba kufuneka bube sisondele ekungathathi hlangothi. Ukuphucula ukwakhiwa kwemishini yehlabathi e-loamy, kungekudala ngaphambi kokubumba kwekwindla, umquba okanye i-peat ifakwe kuwo. Ukubala kulandelayo: 1-2 iibhakethi zepompo nganye ngomitha we square kunye nebhakethi lomlambo wesihlabathi. Kwihlabathi elincinci kungcono ukongeza izinto eziphilayo kunye nesincinci sodongwe.
Ukulungiselela ukutyala komhlaba ngaphambi kokutyala kwenziwa ezimbini okanye ezintathu kwiiveki ngaphambi kokutyala. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutshala ngu-Agasti okanye ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Ukuba amanzi aphelile kwimimandla entwasahlobo nasehlobo, irises kufuneka zityalwe kwiibhedi eziphezulu. Ngaphandle koko, izityalo zisongelwa ukufa.
Sitshala irises.
Xa kutyalwe i-root, izimpande zawo kufuneka zihanjiswe ngokukhululekile emhlabathini. I-Rhizomes ngexesha elifanayo kufuneka lifakwe kwinqanaba elincinci kwaye lihlanganiswe nomhlaba akukho ngaphaya kwe 2-3 cm. Izityalo ezingcwatyelwe kakhulu zingenako ukwenza amahlumela ezityalo. Oko kukuthi, iifali ezixhamlayo zikhula kakuhle kwaye zingenakuqhakaza. Irises ihla emva kokukhula kwithuba lonke lezityalo.
Xa utsaliswe kakuhle, umgama phakathi kwe-irises kumqolo kufuneka ube ngama-30-35 ngamentimitha. Ngonyaka wokuqala, ukukhusela isithwathwa, irises ezinqabileyo ezincinci kufuneka zifakwe nge-peated weat. Uluhlu lweePeat - ezingekho ngaphantsi kwama-3-5 centimitha.
Iintlobo ze-varietal irises by dividing bushes. Isityalo esenzelwe ukwahlula kungcono ukucima iifologi zegadi. I-rhizome ifanele ikhutshwe kwi-lumps zomhlaba kwaye igalelwe ukwenzela ukuba ukukhula konyaka kube neqela lamaqabunga. Ukunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwamanzi, amaqabunga afutshane nantathu yesithathu yobude, kunye neengcambu ngeyesithathu. Iindawo ezindala ze-rhizome, ezingenayo i-root system kunye namaqabunga, akufanele zilahlwe. Ukulala, eziphezu kwazo, emva kokutyala zingaqala ukukhula nokunika ezininzi izinto zokutyala ezongezelelweyo. Kufuneka zicutshungulwe kunye namahlumela aseleyo. Hlola izinto ezinonakele. Zonke izicucu kufuneka zenziwe ngommese obukhali ukwenzela ukuba umgangatho osikiweyo uphelele. Ukuxiliswa kwe-disinfection, iinqununu ezisandulisiweyo zemizuzu eyi-10-15 zifakwa kwisisombululo esimnyama se-potassium permanganate. Emva koko umisiwe kwaye wangcwatywa ngaphambi kokuhlwayela.
Ukunyamekela irises.
Ukunyamekela irises iqala ngokukhawuleza ukuba imibhede yeentyatyambo ayinayo iqhwa. Okokuqala, indawo yokukhusela iyasuswa, ukuba ikhona. Iingxube zerhafu ziqokelelwa ngokucophelela kwaye zitshiswa. Ngokukhawuleza uqale ukondla kwizichumisi zamaminerali. Ubalo lulandelayo: 20 g ye-nitrogen kunye ne-15 g ye-phosphorus. Ngexesha leentyantyambo, enye i-5 g ye-nitrogen isichumisi kufuneka ifakwe. 10 g ye potassium kunye ne-10 g ye-phosphorus umquba - emva kokugquma.
Kuzo izityalo, umhlaba ongekho ngaphandle kokhula kuyafuneka. Ngoko ke, umhlaba ukhululiwe yonke imihla ye-10-12. Ukunyuka kwama-irises kuyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuvela kwemifuno, ukukhula okunzulu, kunye nebudeni bemizuzu.
Ukukhusela kwizilwanyana kunye nezifo, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe, okokuqala, ukukhusela. Ezi zibandakanya ukususwa ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kweetyala, ukulawula ukhula. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukhawuleza kwentwasahlobo (xa iqhwa lichanyuka). Kwaye ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuba isityalo sifike kwi-hibernation. Ehlotyeni, ukuba kukho "amabala" kumaqabunga, ukutshiza ezimbini okanye ezintathu zenziwa kunye nomxube weBordeaux. Ukumiswa kwe-sulfur colloidal kunceda. Xa i-rhizomes ichaphazeleka yi-bacteriosis, kufuneka imiswe, izicubu ezonakalisiweyo zisuswe kwaye ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate yombala obomvu obomvu.
Qinisekisa ukuba uphathise izixhobo ngaphambi kokusika iintyatyambo, xa ukwahlula i-rhizomes kunye namaqabunga okusika. Ukusila i-weeding rhoqo kunomdla ekulwa neengwenyama kunye ne-thrips. Ukusuka kumqatyana weqabunga kuyimfuneko ukufafaza irises in early spring nge 0.4% zineb, 0.1% i-chlorophos.
Ukukhula kwe-irises kwisiqwenga somhlaba uya kuhobisa indlu yakho ngemibala eqaqambileyo, engenako. Ezi ntyatyambo ezinjengezinye zifanelekile ukukhulisa ngasemva. Kwaye ukwenza ukuba irises iyancome kwaye ikunandiphe iminyaka emininzi, sebenzisa ezi ngcebiso.