Indlela yokuLungisa
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nangona kungabikho kweqhwa lasebusika, ingozi yokuwa iyancipha. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yezi zilandelayo:
• ukufuduka kweziko lokudakumba ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwangaphambili;
• kunzima ukuphonononga oko ngqo phantsi kweenyawo zakho, ngenxa yesisu esikhulu;
• utshintsho kwinkqubo yesifo seentlobo zabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ngenxa yokutshintsha kwe-hormones emzimbeni (ukulula, ukuzinyanya, ukungabikho kwengqondo, ukunciphisa izinga lokuphendulela kwi-stimuli yangaphandle);
• Ngenxa yokutshintsha kwe-hormone, ukuhamba kwamagxa kunye namalungu amaninzi, okwenza kube lula ukukhwela emilenzeni, ukuphazamisa lula ukulinganisela.
Ngaloo ndlela, kuyacaca ukuba ubusika kunye neendlela zayo eziphazamisayo, iimpawu eziqhwaqhaqhaqhoqho kunye nekhefu elikhuphuka kakhulu kunyusela kakhulu umngcipheko wokuwa kunye nokulimala okunxulumene nabafazi abakhulelweyo. Ukuwa kwindlela epholileyo kungakhokelela kwimivimbo, i-fractures, sprains. Imiqondiso engumzekelo yale nzakalo yintlungu kwindawo yokulimala, kunzima ukuhamba, ukuvuvukala kwezicubu. Ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo zenzeka, kuyimfuneko ukudala ukungahambi kakuhle kwilungu elilinzakeleyo kwaye ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukunciphisa intlungu ngaphambi kokuba ufike "ngoncedo lokuqala" ungasiphuza i-paracetamol, evunyelwe ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Akukho mzekelo kufuneka uzame ukulungisa ilungu elichaphazelekayo ngokwakho, ukuba uyalimaza umlenze wakho - gxuma emlenzeni owodwa, wenze ukunyakaza okubukhali, ukunyathela kwilungu elenzakalisiweyo, okanye ulinde ngethemba lokuba "liya kudlula ngokwalo". Ukuwa kungabangela ingxubusho yengqondo, iimpawu eziphambili zokulahleka kwexesha elide lokuqonda, intloko, isisongulu kunye nokuhlanza, ukuphazamiseka kwisithuba okanye ixesha. Kwimeko yeempawu, nangona kungenakuthi, kufuneka udane ugqirha-biza i-ambulensi.
Iingxaki ezinqandekayo ezingakhulayo ngenxa yokuwa zibandakanya ukuthungatha kwangaphambili kwipentecenta, ingozi yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, ukuphuma kwe-amniotic fluid. Isityezelo esasesikhatyweni sepentecenta eqhelekileyo yenye yeengxaki ezinzima kakhulu zokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-placenta ihlukaniswe ukusuka eludongeni lwe-uterine kwisigaba sesithathu sabasebenzi, emva kokuzalwa komntwana. Njengomphumo wenyathelo lomonakalo (ukuwa, isiteleka esisisu kwisantya esinzima), i-placenta iyakwazi ukwahlula kwi-fetus kwi-uterus, ehambelana nokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi. Ukubonakaliswa kwezitholampilo zokuphazamiseka kwangaphambili kwendawo yeplantenti yinyuka kwithenda yesisu (i-uterine compaction, ihamba kunye nomvakalelo "wesisindo" kwisisu esezantsi), ukukhulelwa kwamanzi okuphuma kwindlela yokuzala, isisu esiswini, ukuphuhliswa kwe-hypoxia ye-fetal (i-oxygen starvation) ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okukodwa okanye okupheleleyo kwipentecenta . Kwiimeko ezinzima, kunye nommandla okhuselekileyo wendawo, ukufa kwangasemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okule nkcenkcesha ekwindla yincinci kakhulu.
Isongelo sokupheliswa kokukhulelwa singashukunyiswa ngokuthe ngqo ngempembelelo eyingozi kummandla wesisu, okanye ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwengxaki (ukwesaba, ukuvuya, ukwesaba ukukhulelwa kweziphumo, njl.). Ukubonakaliswa kwesongelo sokupheliswa kokukhulelwa kukunyuka kwithenda yesisu, ukudonsa, ukugubha, ukuhlungubalalisa esiswini, kwezinye iziganeko - ukuphawula kwibala lomzimba. I-spasm (i-constriction) yeempahla kwi-system-fetcenta-fetus system ngenxa yongcinezelo kunye nokwanda kwetoni yesisu kungabangela ukuphuhliswa kwe-hypoxia yangomntwana yangaphantsi (ukungabi ne-oxygen). I-intrauterine ekubandezelekeni kwe-fetus ingabonakaliswa ngenyuka okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukwehla kwimisebenzi yalo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngezinye iimeko, iimpawu ze-hypoxia zifumaneke kuphela ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuphanda ezongezelelweyo (i-ultrasound, i-Doppler - ukuvandlakanya kwejubane kunye nemvelo yokuhamba kwegazi kwiinqanawa zenkqubo yomama-placenta-fetus, i-CTG yokujonga intliziyo ye-fetal), echaza ukuba kufuneka udokotela ukhuseleko, nangona uvakalelwa emva kokuwa. Ukuphuma kwangaphambili kwe-amniotic fluid kungenzeka ngenxa yesigxina esibukhali kwixinzelelo lwangaphakathi ngexesha lokuwa. Xa i-amniotic fluid iyaphuphuma, iziqulatho ezinobumba ezinobungakanani obubonakalayo zivela kwiindawo zokuhlamba iimpahla - ukusuka kwindawo encinci emanzi ukuya kwiindawo ezininzi.
Yintoni endiyenzayo?
Xa ukukhutshwa okungavamile ukusuka kwisisu kubonakala (igazi, ukusola ukuba amanzi aphuma), iintlungu zesisu, ukuziphatha okungavamile konyana (ukuqhutyelwa kwemoto engaphezulu okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukunyakaza okunyanzelekayo kunye nobuthakathaka), kuyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwisibhedlele sokubeletha, ngokukhethekileyo kufumaneka kwii-multidisciplinary esibhedlele, okanye ubize i-ambulensi. Inyaniso kukuba ngokuwa, ukuxhatshazwa okuhlangeneyo kungabandakanywa, kubandakanywa iingxaki ezingenakunzima. Ukuba kukho ukukrokreka kokuvuza kwe-amniotic fluid, kufuneka ukhumbule ngokucacileyo ixesha xa uqaphela ukukhutshwa, kwaye usebenzise i-gasket eyenziwe yengubo yekotoni, i-ironed emacaleni omabini ngesinyithi eshushu, kuba kuya kuba lula ukuba ugqirha ukuchonga uhlobo lokukhutshwa.
"Gxobhoza utshani"
Ukushiya ebusika esitrato, kufuneka ulandele imithetho yokukhusela eya kunceda ukuphepha iingxaki ezinzulu:
• Ukuphendula ngokukhethekileyo kwizicathulo zasebusika: Kakade, iibhothi eziphakamileyo ziza kuhlawulwa okwethutyana, izicathulo ezingafunekiyo kwiqonga elixubileyo, njengoko kukho ingozi eyingozi yokwenza umlenze. "Izicathulo ezifanelekileyo" zasebusika kumama ozayo kufuneka zibe nesithende esisezantsi esingekho ngaphezu kwe-3-4 cm; yedwa yomeleleyo eneendawo ezifanelekileyo zokulwa ne-anti-slip - oko kukuthi, nokuba yinkcenkceshe enzulu okanye ngeengubo ezikhethiweyo. Kwakhona, xa ukhetha isihlangu sebusika, kuyimfuneko ukuhlawula ingqwalasela leyo ekulungiselelanga kakuhle nje inyawo, kodwa kunye nommandla ohlanganyelwe ngamagxa, njengokuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngenxa yokunyuka kokubambisana, kulula ukujika umlenze uze uwa.
• Cinga ngenyameko malunga nendlela yakho, thintela iindlela ezinqabileyo, ama-slide, iindlela ezihambayo. Jonga ngeenyawo zakho iinyawo.
• Nangona uhamba ngaphantsi kwesitalato, ungafaki izandla kwiipokotshi okanye kwintonga yengxowa - kukulungele ukuwabamba ecaleni. Ukuhamba endleleni yebusika kungcono encinci ("semenyaschim") inyathelo, kunye nemilenze encinci emilenzeni.
• Ukuhla okanye ukukhupha izitebhisi, gcina ngokukhawuleza ukuhlambalaza, ukhethe indlela enjalo, uhamba apho, ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokubamba nayiphi na inkxaso (ucingo, umzila, njl njl).
• Kwemozulu engalunganga (i-blizzard eqinile, ikhefu elisandul 'ikhefu lwakutshanje, xa iingoma zixutywe kakhulu ngekhephu, iqhwa, ilala okanye imvula, njl.), Kucetyiswa ukuba uhlale ekhaya ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha. Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ushicilele ishishini, zama ukuba umntu ahambe nawe endleleni, exhasa isandla sakho.
• Xa ugqoke esitrato, qiniseka ukuba indawo yesisu ikhuseleke kakuhle ngeengubo zokugqoka: oku kunokwenza umsebenzi omhle, ukunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo xa uwa.
• Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba uyawa, kufuneka uyenze "ngokufanelekileyo": iqela, gquba iingalo zakho ngeesisu sakho (ukhusela ekuvutheni), uguqa ngamadolo uze "uhlale phantsi" kwicala lakho. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukuphakama kokuwa, kwaye ngoko ingozi yokulimala. Xa bewa, akunakwenzeka ukugqithisela phambili izandla ezongeziweyo, njengalolu hlobo ubuhle beentsimbi ziphezulu.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uvakalelwa kakuhle kangakanani, ngexesha lokukhulelwa lihlehlisela ukuzizonwabisa kwebusika bendabuko - ukushushuluza ngeeslayidi, izikhiti kunye nezikhwi.
Sizikhusela kwi-hypothermia
Olunye ubungozi basebusika ngumngcipheko we-hypothermia (imiphumo ephantsi yobushushu kumzimba wonke) okanye i-frostbite (inxaxheba ebandayo ebomini kwindawo ehlukeneyo yomzimba). Ubunokwenzeka bokukhutshwa kwe-subcooling ukwanda komswakama ophezulu, umoya oqinileyo. Izitho ezinqabileyo (ngokukodwa iminwe, ehambelana nokuzikhethela kwegazi lawo) zibonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza, kunye nesikhumba seendawo ezivulekileyo zomzimba - ubuso, impumlo, indlebe. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ubunzima beenkqubo zokuxiliswa komzimba emzimbeni ukwanda, okukhokelela ngakwesinye icala, ukukhukhuma ngokweqile, nakwezinye - ukunciphisa ubunzulu babesetyhini abakhulelweyo abanda kubanda: bahlala bekhalaza ukuba bashushu, bancitshiswa ukuba bancitshise, okwenyuka kwinqanaba lokungcola . Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypothermia jikelele yomzimba yinkwenkwe kunye nokubanda kwesikhumba, ukuhla kweqondo lokushisa komzimba phantsi kwe-36 ° C. Ubuthakathaka ngokubanzi, ukunyaniseka nokungakhathali, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokwanda kwentliziyo, ukulala nokudideka kunokukhula. Iimpawu zokuqala zesithwathwa zivakalelwa kwintlupheko kwindawo echaphazelekayo yomzimba, isifo esivuthayo kunye nentlungu ebuhlungu, ulusu lufumana ukukhanya okuluhlaza, ukubonakala.
Ngomlinganiselo ophezulu womzimba, unina omele ulindeleke ukuba abekwe ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka kwindlu egudumeleyo, efudumalayo - ngokukhethekileyo kunye nokuhlamba okufudumeleyo okanye ishafu (kunye nobude bemizuzu engama-40-40) okanye ehlanganiswe ngengubo efudumeleyo, ifake iifudumele, unike itiye elitshisayo elishisayo kunye nokutya okutshisayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi atshisayo ukufudumala isikhumba esineqabunga akuvumelekanga, njengokuba ukufudumala kwamathambo kuqhubela phambili ekusebenziseni ngokugqithiseleyo iinkqubo ze-metabolic, ezingabangela ukuba i-necrosis - necrosis yamathambo, eyona nto ibangela ukuba ikhushulwa kwaye ikhuphe unyango. Ngokufudumala ukufudumala, ukubuyiswa kobungakanani beethambo ezichaphazelekayo kuya kufana nokuqhelaniswa kwemisebenzi yabo ebalulekileyo, ekhusela imiphumo emibi yeqabunga. Xa kunqabileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ususe ngokuthe ngqo umlenze ochaphazelekayo ukusuka kwiingubo okanye izicathulo uze ufudumeze ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye uhambe ngokukhawuleza, ngendlela eyona ndlela ifudumele ngayo (ayitshisayo!) Amanzi, ukushisa okufuneka ukwandiswe kancane kancane ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya ku-40-45 ° C. Akunakwenzeka na ukuba ungagxotha ochaphazelekayo ukugqibelela, kuba kwiimfucu ze-microcrystallites zeqhwa zenziwe apho, xa zihlanjululwa, zilimaza ilungu elichaphazelekayo, elenza lube nzima kwaye lubuhlungu ngakumbi ukuphilisa. Emva kokufudumala, indawo echaphazelekayo iyacinywa yome, isuswe ngotywala ukukhusela intsholongwane kwaye isebenze ibhendi elumileyo elumileyo (uluhlu olunobuncu bebotton kunye ne-bandage eyinyumba). Ukuba kukho intlungu ekhulayo xa ifudumala, ulusu luhlala ludaka kwaye lubandayo, kufuneka unyuke ngokukhawuleza kwisebe lezilonda zamathambo, isebe le-purulent-tractatologic yesebe, kuba le mpawu ibonisa isithwathwa esikhulu.
Impembelelo engebiyo ye-hypothermia kwimpilo yomntwana okhulelweyo kunye nezayo uza kubonakalisa, okokuqala, njengento engagqirhayo okanye ukuvela kwezifo ezivuthayo (ezifana ne-pyelonephritis - ukuvuvukala kweentso, i-sinusitis - ukuvuvukala kwesono esikhulu, i-tonsillitis - ukuvuvukala kweetoni, i-cystitis - ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, njl.), kwaye okwesibini, ngendlela yokuphuhliswa kwe-hypoxia (oksijini yindlala) yomntwana ngenxa yokuphulwa kwegazi lokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ukuze kuphephe ukugqithisa ngokugqithisileyo okanye inqabileyo:
• Xa ubushushu bomoya buphantsi kwe -20-25 ° C, zama ukushiya indlu. Kwimeko yongxamiseko, cela ukuba izalamane okanye abahlobo bathathe endaweni leyo ngemoto, biza iteksi.
• Musa ukuhlala emoyeni obandayo ixesha elide, ngakumbi kwimimoya yomoya. Endleleni, uye kwivenkile, cafe, musa ukuvumela i-hypothermia.
• Kubalulekile ukugqoka kakuhle: ukuba iimpahla zifudumala kakhulu, hamba kwizothutho okanye kwigumbi, ungazikhupha. Izambatho ezingavumelekanga nezingavaliyo, eziyingozi kwi-hypothermia. Qiniseka ukuba ugqoke umkhonto, iiglavu, inqabunga, izambatho zasebusika kufuneka zibe ubuncinane kumgangatho wethanga.
• Ukuthintela ukukhanda kunye nokukhupha okugqithisileyo kuya kunceda izambatho zangaphantsi ezitshatileyo (i-T-shirts, i-T-shirt, iisokisi, i-leggings), kwibala elaneleyo elinikwe kwiivenkile.
• Izicathulo mazibe zikhulu kakhulu (iibhothi eziqinileyo okanye iibhothi, kunye nezicathulo ezinomlenze onqamlekileyo, zenze ukuba kubekho isithwathwa njengokuba kukwandisa ukujikelezwa kwamalungu angaphantsi). Kwizicathulo ezikhethiweyo kakuhle, unokuhambisa kalula iminwe yakho. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba iinyawo zakho zingabi manzi. Xa ufika ekhaya, ngononophelo wume izihlangu zakho.
• Xa uphuma, sebenzisa izakhelo ezikhethekileyo ubuso kunye nezandla. Ukufezekisa umphumo wokusebenzisa ukhilimu olwa neqabunga kungcono kusengaphambili, ngo-z ° ~ 4 ° imizuzu ngaphambi kokuphuma. Umphumo wokukhusela i-frost isekelwe ekubunzeni ifilimu ekhuselekileyo elukhumbeni, ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo kwimiphumo eyingozi yokubanda kunye nomoya, kunye nokuxutywa okukhulu kwesikhumba. Ukuze ukhilimu usebenze ngokufanelekileyo, ungene kwiindawo ezinzulu zolusu uze wenze ifilimu, kuyimfuneko ukuyisebenzisa kwangaphambili.
Ungakuphepha njani i-SARS kunye nomkhuhlane?
Izifo eziqhelekileyo zasebusika zi-ARVI (izifo eziphefumulayo zentsholongwane ye-viral infections), inxalenye enkulu enomkhuhlane. Umthombo wesi sifo uba ngumntu ogulayo, indlela yokudlulisa isithuthi. Isigulane siphumeleleka kwiintsuku ezingama-5 ukususela kwesi sifo (ngokukodwa iintsuku ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuqala kweempawu), xa ukukhwehlela kunye nokukrazula kunye neentlobo zamagciwane e-mucus zikhutshwe ngokukodwa kwindawo yangaphandle. Abafazi abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu yokukhulelwa komkhuhlane kunye ne-ARVI, njengoko ukhuseleko lwabaama olindelekileyo luncitshiswa, okuyimfuneko yokukhulelwa ngokuphumelelayo. Le nto ibangela umngcipheko ophezulu wokusuleleka, kunye nokuba yingozi ngenxa yendlela enzima ye-influenza kunye nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yokuphefumula kwintsholongwane ngokuphuhliswa kweefom ezinzima (imiphunga-ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga, i-bronchitis - ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi), ukunyuka kwezifo ezingapheliyo kwizifo ezikhulelweyo kwabasetyhini, njl njl.
Umkhuhlane ubonakala ngamacandelo amabini eempawu: izibonakaliso zokuxhatshazwa (umkhuhlane, ukubola, intloko, ubuthathaka, intlungu kwiimisipha kunye namalungu) kunye neziganeko ze-catarrhal (ukukhupha kunye nokomile emqaleni, ukubonakala kokukhutshwa kwamanzi enkcenkceshe kwimpumlo, ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu). Eyona nto ingabonakaliyo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yokuqala (ukuya kwiiveki ezili-12), njengokuba ngeli xesha kukho ukubeka okusebenzayo kwazo zonke iziko kunye neenkqubo kunye nokungena kwintsholongwane, kunye nokwanda kwindlubhiso yomzimba ngaphezu kwama-38 ° C okuhlala ngaphezu kweentsuku ezintathu kunokuthi kube yi-teratogenic impembelelo kumntwana (ukuqhubekisa ukubunjwa kweentsholongwane zomntwana), ezinokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu ngokukhawuleza. I-Influenza emva komhla ozayo ingabangela ukungakwazi ukubeka amanzi, ukuphela kokukhawuleza kokukhulelwa. Ukuba iimpawu zentsholongwane yokuphefumula kwintsholongwane okanye i-influenza zenzeke, qhagamshelana nogqirha ukwenzela ukuba unyango oluyimfuneko lubekwe kuwe. Ukubonelelwa ngempembelelo engathandekiyo yomkhuhlane kumntwana, kubonakala kubaluleka kokusebenzisa amanyathelo okukhusela okujoliswe ekukhuseleni intsholongwane ngale ntsholongwane:
• Ngexesha lobulwelwe lwe-influenza kunye ne-SARS, gwema ukuba kwiindawo ezixubileyo (izithuthi zikawonkewonke, iidema, kunye neevenkile). Ukuba ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphezu kolawulo lwakho awukwazi ukuphepha ukudibanisa nabantu abaninzi, ungasebenzisa imaski yesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuze ukukhusela isisk kubva kwintsholongwane yayisebenzayo, kufuneka ishintshwe iiyure ezimbini.
• Geza izandla zakho rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba kusezandleni zakho esinezintlu zegciwane (ukusuka kwizandla, izikhuni ze-elevator, njl. Njl) ezangena emzimbeni. Ngenjongo efanayo, hlamba iindinyana zomzimba: ngenxa yale nto intle ukusebenzisa amaconsi ngamanzi olwandle (i-Aquamaris, njl.).
• I-anyanisi negalikhi, ezizityebi kwi-phytoncides, ziyaziwa ngokuba ziindawo zokulwa ne-antimicrobial. Ngenjongo yeprophylaxis, inokubaluleka kwixabiso elincinane, kokubili ukusetyenziswa kwezi zinto zokutya, kunye nokufumba kwefuthe labo.
• Ukukhusela izifo, unako ukuhlambulula iindinyana zangasese ngeoli oxolin, i-Viferon-ointment, Infagel, kwaye usebenzise i-Grippferon. Ezi zi yobisi zivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa. Amaconsi uGrippferon angasetyenziselwa ukukhusela ngokukhawuleza komkhuhlane (xa kwakudibana nomntu ogulayo), ekubeni le nkunkuma ikhusela ukuphindaphinda kwanoma yiyiphi i-virus efikelela kumbilini wempumlo.
• Kwakhona, ukulungiswa kwe-Ocillococcinum yasekhaya kuyisilungiso sokuthintela nokunyangwa kwe-influenza kunye ne-ARVI kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
• Ukuba umntu ovela kwintsapho yakho ehlala egumbini elilodwa uyagula, kuyinqweneleka ukumhlukanisa okanye wena iintsuku ezingama-5. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, sebenzisa imaski ukukhusela eso sifo (vumela isicaka sigqoke kwisigulane). Kuyinto enqwenelekayo kubantu abanempilo kunye nabagulayo ukuba babe ngamagumbi ahlukeneyo. Kufuneka ukuba rhoqo uvuselele indawo, imihla ngemihla ukuvelisa ukucoceka okumanzi, ukubonelela ngesigulane esinye isitya, itilu, iehokethi ezilahlayo. Ukukhusela usulelo, sebenzisa iziyobisi ezibhalwe ngentla. Ngoku siyazi ukuba kubanda kunobungozi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokusongela umama ozayo.