Yintoni abazali abayaziyo?
• Ukungabikho kwamanzi kwimihla ngemihla kunqabile, kwaye ininzi kubantwana ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-3-4 ubudala.
• I-enuresis ingumngeni oqhelekileyo kakhulu, awuchaphazeli kuphela abantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ubudala (20% yabantwana), kodwa nabantwana abaneminyaka eli-10 (10%), abatsha abali-12-14 (3%) kunye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-18 1%).
Enuresis yenzeka:
• eziprayimari - ziyabonwa kwintsana ukusuka kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi:
• okwesibini - xa ukungabikho komzimba kwenzeka emva kwexesha elibalulekileyo "elomileyo".
Kukho izimbangela ezininzi zokungabikho kokuvuthwa kwe-urinary: ukukhathazeka ngokubeleka kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi. ukuphazamiseka kwemveliso yeehomoni ezithile kunye nokulawulwa kwemizwa ye-urinary bladder, ukusuleleka kwe-urinary infection, i-SARS, njl. Ulungelo lubaluleke kakhulu. Isizathu esona siqhelo sisinxinzelelo, iingxaki zeengxaki kunye nezinye izinto ezingokwengqondo, ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yombutho obuthathaka womzimba, uphukisa umbane. I-enuresis ye-Neurotic inokuhlala ifutshane (njengento yokunyamezela ngokukhawuleza) kunye nexesha elide (ukuba uxinzelelo lwengqondo oluye lwavela lufumene ukuqiniswa okongeziweyo). Umdala osemntwaneni, ophawula ngakumbi umphumo wesimo sakhe senzwa kwixesha le sifo. Unokwenza nokuba nomzobo jikelele wengqondo wabantwana abaneengxaki ezifanayo. Ngomhla, njengomthetho, umntwana onjalo uhlala ekhuselekileyo, udlala ngokukhawuleza, uyazimela ngokukhawuleza ukuba ahlale ngokuthula, unqwenela kubahlaziyi. Ngokuhlwa, umntwana akanakulala embhedeni, ulala ixesha elide, nangona ekhulelwe kakhulu, elala ngokungahlali - unokuthetha ngokulala, uhlale ehamba. Abazali abajonge umntwana wabo ebusuku baqonda ukuba iiyure ezimbalwa zokuqala zokulala zihlala zingenasiphelo kude kube ngumzuzu wokungqubuzana ngokungabonakaliyo (ngoko umntwana usulele ngokukhawuleza). Ukuvusa umntwana kangangokuthi wahlala ngamabomu ebhodweni, phantse angapheli. Ukongezelela, ukulala okuphazanyiswayo kukuvimbela inkqubo yesantya yomntwana, kwaye ngosuku olulandelayo umntwana uziphatha ngokuthe ngqo, okungahambi ngokuqinisekileyo kwimeko entsha yokungahambisani. Esinye sezibonakaliso zokuxilongwa kwe-enuresis ye-neurotic yintlungu yomntwana kwiinguqulelo zemozulu kunye nokushisa komoya. Kwimozulu ebandayo, ukungahambisani nokuqhelekileyo kuyaqhelekile kunokuqhelekileyo.
Ukuba umntwana uyavuka avule
Iphutha eliqhelekileyo ukungafuni ukubonisana nomntwana ngokungahambisani. Kuyingozi ukucinga ukuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingxaki iza kutshabalala ngokwayo. Esi sigxina sisoloko sikhokelela ekubandezelweni kwimeko kunye nokubonakala kwengxaki yengqondo yengqondo yomntwana. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana uyavuswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo embhedeni omanzi, qhagamshelana nomntwana wesithili sesithili. Mhlawumbi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ihlolisiswe ukuba iqondwe, ingaba i-enuresis idibaniswe nezifo zezintso kunye nesibindi. Uvavanyo lwegazi olufunekayo, umchamo we-biochemical examination, i-renal ultrasound yezintso kunye nomgudu wamanzi, uhlolisiso lwevolumu kunye nexesha lokuvuthwa emini (okubizwa ngokuba yi-diuresis imihla ngemihla), kwaye kwezinye iimeko, i-electroencephalography-ukuchonga indawo zeengqondo kunye nomsebenzi ongenakwenzeka. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha awukwazi ukukhawuleza ukubona isizathu sesifo. Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana uhanjiselwa ukubonisana nezinye iingcali (i-neurologist, i-psychologist, njl.). Ukucaciswa kwebangela ye-enuresis yinkqubo ende kunye neyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kuphela ngale ndlela inokukhethwa unyango oluchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxilongwa okuchanekileyo akufanele kukunyanzise ukuba unyango. Ukunikezela amayeza kufuneka kube ngugqirha kuphela, kuba nayiphina impazamo (kwisilinganiso, ukhetho lweziyobisi, njl.) Kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezingakumbi. Iziyobisi zimiselwe ngokubambisana neendlela ze-physiotherapeutic (i-ultrasound, i-phonophoresis kunye nezinye iinkqubo) ezilawula ukusebenza kwe-bladder kwaye zilungele inkqubo ye-nervous. Ukuqinisa imisipha yomgangatho we-pelvic isebenzise i-gymnastics yokwelapha.
Iingcebiso kumama noodade
1. Njani nawuphi na esinye isifo, i-enuresis ineziganeko zayo kumntwana ngamnye, ngoko ungazami ukuqhuba umntwana kuyo nayiphi na isikhokelo esiqhelekileyo. Kwiqela ngalinye, i-regimen yonyango iyaphuhliswa.
2. Ukuba imbangela yesifo ixinzelelekileyo, ngokokuqala into ekufuneka uyenze ukuyiqeda. Umoya ocolileyo, ophumayo kwintsapho iya kwenza unyango luphumelele. Kungadingeka ukuba ubuyekeze indlela yokwenza imfundo kwimimandla: kwimeko yomntwana onesi-enuresis, nayiphi na ingcinezelo yengqondo kunye nokuziphatha kwemibambano ayimkelekanga. Intsana ayidingi nje ingqalelo yenyameko yomama nobawo, kodwa i-unobtrusiveness kunye nocoko lwale ngqalelo.
I-Z.Isententence incentinence icatshukiswa yintsapho kwintsapho yomntwana wesibini, abazali baya kufuneka bacinge ngobudlelwane babo nabadala. Ukuhlawula ngokugqithiseleyo kwintsana, zama ukwenza umntwana wakho omdala uzizwe ethandwayo, azive engadingekile kwaye engadingekile.
4. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukugcinwa kwemodi efanelekileyo yosuku kwaye ngokukodwa ixesha lokungena kwamanzi. Ngethuba lemini, umntwana kufuneka aphuze kangangoko afuna, kodwa okokugqibela kufuneka kwenzeke kungekudala kweeyure ezingama-2 ngaphambi kokulala.
5. Ukutya kwabantwana kufuneka kube ngohlobo oluninzi. Ungayisebenzisi kakubi ityuwa, iziqholo kunye neziqholo (zandisa ukoma), kwaye zifundisa nomntwana kwisininzi seesitya kunye neengongoma zokufakelwa kunye nezinye izongezelo. Ukuba umntwana usetyenziselwa ukusela kakhulu kwixesha lesondlo, uzama ukuhamba ngokuthe ngcembe kwenye indawo yelwelo kunye neziqhamo zesityalo esineentyantyambo (ii-apula, ii-oranges).
6. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko yokulawula nokuchukumisa: zonke iiyure ezingama-2.5-3 ngokunyamekileyo kodwa zikhokele ngokucacileyo umntwana endlwini yangasese okanye isityalo kwisitya. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokulala.
7. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana abane-enuresis baneengxaki zobuthongo bemini: banqwenela ukuba balele, kwaye inkqubo yokupakisha ngamanye amaxesha ihamba ngokukrakra kangangokuba kwanokuba ubuthongo obulandelayo abukwazi ukuhlawulela oku. Kulo mzekelo, musa ukwenza umntwana alele, ungangena kumngcipheko ocacileyo: umntwana uya kuchitha intambama ebhedini, kodwa endaweni yokulala uya kuphulaphula umculo othulileyo okanye ibhali.
8. Ncitshiswe ixesha elithethwa ngumntwana phambi kweTV nakwikhompyutheni, kuba le mi sebenzi ithintela umsebenzi wesimiso seentlanzi zemvuthu, iholele ekugqithiseni ukunyusa nokunyusa umngcipheko "weengxaki zobusuku".
9. Ukulungelelanisa ukulala ubusuku kwaye inkqubo yokulala iyakunceda imisebenzi ebizwa ngokuba yimizi-yezenzo ezenziwa rhoqo ubusuku ngokulandelelana okufanayo: ukucoca amathoyizi, ukuhlamba, ukufunda iindaba zeenkcukacha, njl. Kunqweneleka ukuba umbhede womntwana wawunelungelo elifanelekileyo (i-orthopedic fit well mattresses), kwaye umoya olala kwigumbi lokulala ufudumele. Ngokuhlwa, zama ukukhawulela imidlalo enomsindo kwaye ekhuthelekileyo, ukufaka endaweni yeeklasi kunye nomklami, iplastiki, i-mosaic. Yona nto ephambili kukuba "ukuhlwa" kunokuthi: "Ayikho imvakalelo enamandla ngaphambi kokulala." Mcele ukuba atende, kodwa kungekhona ngebhasi, kodwa ngezandla zakhe. "Iingcali zengqondo zicinga ukuba le ndlela ibe yindlela efanelekileyo yokuzinzisa umntwana onobuchopho." Kakade ke, ezo zifundo zenzeke ngomonakalo omkhulu kummandla Kuya kufuneka ulungiselele: ukutshintsha umntwana kwiingubo, ezingenasihawu kumhlaba, ukubeka umgangatho ngeoliyile kunye nokwenza umculi omncinane iphepha eliphambili lokubhala. Rasna ukhulula abantwana, oko buyasikhulula luvo kunye nezihlunu, sivumele chaphaza ngaphandle iimvakalelo wayiqokelela.
Ukuzivocavoca
Ukuqeqeshwa ngokuzenzekelayo okufutshane kunye nexesha elifutshane kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwesisipha kunye nengqondo, ukudala umoya okhululekile kwaye uncede unqobe iingxaki zangaphakathi. Qhagamshelana nomntwana weengqondo, uya kukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuphembelela ekuqwalaseleni iimpawu zakhe zomntwana. Ukongezelela, kukho iindlela ezithile ezizodwa eziza kunceda umntwana ukuba afunde ukuvalelwa kokuzaliseka kwesibhambathiso sakhe nokulawula inkqubo yokucoca ngokuzimela. Ezi ndlela zisebenza kuphela kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-3 ubudala abanokukwazi ukuzalisekisa izicelo ezilula kuphela, kodwa banokuqonda ukuba kutheni benza. Qala "uqeqesho" olunjalo ngokucela umntwana ukuba abambe ixesha elide kwaye akhuthaze ukuhamba. Ukuxilisa kwenziwa rhoqo imihla ngemihla ngemini, kunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemisipha yokukhiya isilwanyana kwaye ukwandise ukwanda kwayo amandla. Ukuba uqeqesho oluqhelekileyo luvunyelwe ukwandisa ixesha "lokukhupha", ngoko umsebenziso uba nzima. Umntwana, njengokwimeko yokuqala, ucelwa ukuba ahlupheke kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye emva koko, emva kokuqala ukucoca, uyacelwa ukuba amphazamise, uqale kwakhona, kwaye umise kwakhona. Musa ukudangala xa umntwana engakwazi ukuzalisekisa ngokukhawuleza izicelo zakho. Qhubeka ngokunyamezela nangokuqhubekayo ukuqeqesha inkqubo yokucoca. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, emva kokuba umntwana efunde indlela yokuyilawula ngokukhululekile, iziganeko zobusuku bokungabikho kobusuku.
Kuloo bantwana abangenakukwenza ezi zifundo, unokuncoma indlela yokuvusa ebusuku. Enyanisweni, uya kufuna omnye wabazali ukuba avuke ebusuku. Le ndlela ilandelayo: ngeveki umntwana kufuneka avuselelwe nganye ihora lokulala, ukuqala nge-12 ntsimbi ekuseni. Ngeveki ezayo umntwana uyavuswa 1 ngelixa ebusuku (malunga phakathi phakathi kobusuku kunye nexesha lokuvuswa kwengane). Ngeveki yesithathu umntwana kufuneka avuselelwe ixesha eli-1 ngelibusuku - iiyure ezintathu emva kokulala, ngokukhawuleza anqume ixesha lokuqeqeshwa ukuvusa iiyure ezingama-2.5, kwaye emva kweyure eli-1 ukusuka ngexesha lokulala. Ukuba i-incontinence episodes iphinda iqale, umjikelezo uphindaphindiwe.