Kutheni abantombazana bebhenela ukufumana ukubonakala kakuhle: ngexesha lethu, uphando lweplastiki kunye neenjini ezahlukeneyo ziyaba ziwayo. Kodwa ukuba uthelekisa le ndlela kunye neemfihlelo zobuhle ukusuka kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, ziya kubonakala ngathi "iintyatyambo".
Imilenze yeCinderella
EShayina, abafazi abancinci nabancinci bebehlala bexabiswa, kwaye enye yezona zithethe ezithandwa kakhulu kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo yinkqubo yokubambisa iinyawo. Xa uneminyaka engama-7 ukuya kwe-9, amantombazana aqala ukubopha iinyawo zawo, ngelixa ephula amathambo aze aphazamise ngokupheleleyo umgangatho wendalo. Ngaloo ndlela, umsebenzi wemithanjeni yegazi yaphazamiseka, ekhokelela kwi-necrosis yezicubu: ngamanye amaxesha iminwe yawa emantombazaneni, kodwa le nto yayithandwa yiTshayina, ngenxa yokuba unyawo lwaba luncinane. Iinyawo ezincinci zazibonakalisa imvelaphi enhle yintombazana: ngokuqinisekileyo, umlenze awufanele ufikelele ngaphezu kwe-7 cm ubude, imilenze leyo yayibizwa ngokuba "ngamaqashiso". Nangona imiphumo emibi yale nkqubo, ubukho bayo, yaphela kuphela kwi-20 leminyaka.
Ubuninzi bezinto ezinobuthi
Ngamaxesha onke, isikhumba esihle kunye nesilungele kakuhle sasinomdla ngokukhethekileyo phakathi kwamantombazana, ngoko ke kwanaxa amaxesha amandulo aqala ukucinga ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokufihla iimpazamo zabo - kunye nezimonyo zavela. Imbali ye-powder lead isuka eYiputa yamandulo, kodwa yafumana ukuthandwa ngokwenene kuphela kwiMinyaka Ephakathi. Emva koko i-smallpox yayixhaphake ngokubanzi, eyashiya impawu ebalulekileyo kwesikhumba, kwaye i-powder lead yalinganisa ubume kwaye yanikezela i-pallor. Kodwa, nangona igalelo elingaphandle kakhulu, ekugqibeleni iholele iincinci zangena esikhwameni, ngaloo ndlela zenza iziko ezibi ngakumbi, kunye neziyobisi zonakalisa isimiso senzwa, ukubunjwa kwezidumbu kunye nokukhubazeka.
Corsets
Ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-18, inqeni elincinci liye lenza imfashini, kwaye nanamhlanje lo mkhuba uhlala ufanelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba ngoku amantombazana athatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo kwaye adle ngokufanelekileyo ukuphumeza umphumo ofunwayo, kwangaphambili oko kwakungekho mbalabala: ukusuka kumantombazana amancinci ayefundiswa ukuba agqoke i-corsets eqinile, i-squele yenziwe yenziwe nge-whalebone, isinyithi okanye ukhuni. Iingubo zangaphantsi ezinjalo zokulungisa zikhupha inqeni, ziphakamisa kakuhle isifuba, zenza ukuba i-posture ibe ngaphezulu kwaye icacise, kodwa ngelo xesha, ukugqoka rhoqo kwe-corset kwaholela kwimiphumo emibi: ukuphulwa kwembambo, i-atrophy yamabele kunye nokuphazanyiswa kwamalungu angaphakathi. Endleleni eya ephupheni lakhe - inqanawa yamasentimitha angama-40 - amantombazana ayedla ngokuwa, kwaye awakwazi ukuyisebenzisa kwaye aguqa.
Ijusi yeberry zasendle kwiso
UBeldonna isityalo esaziwayo kwaye sisetyenziselwa kunyango iminyaka emininzi. Ngokomzekelo, eRoma yakudala, ijusi yayo yayisetyenzisiwe. Olunye igama - "i-berry" "i-belladonna" ngenxa yekhono layo lokubangela uxinzelelo olunzulu kubantu. Ngekhulu le-18, ukuhla kwelo sityalo kwatyekela kakhulu kwiindawo zase-Yurophu. Ngokwamazwi adibeneyo amaconsi ayenako ukwandisa abafundi kunye nokunika amehlo ukukhanya: le mpu melelo yafezekiswa ngenxa yokuphucula izihlunu zamehlo. Kodwa, njengoko bethetha, ubuhle budinga umnikelo. Amaconsi avela kwi-belladonna enza ukuba i-hallucinations, ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwemibono, kwaye kwanokubangela ukuba kube nemiphumo ebulalayo-nangona kunjalo, awazange asetyenziswe de kube ngekhulu lama-20.
Ukufunyanwa kwamathebhulethi ngeemvumba ze-tapeworms
Inkulungwane yeshumi leminyaka sele lixesha eliyalela abantu besifazane ukuba bafake umfanekiso ombi. Ngenxa yokufikelela kwimilinganiselo yobuhle, bagqiba kwezenzo ezinzulu, kuquka ukuthabatha iipilisi ezithile zokutya. Amacwecwe afana ne-larva ye-tapeworm-i-tapeworm ye-bovine. Ngaloo ndlela, i-parasite yangena ngaphakathi emzimbeni, yaqala ukutya ngokutya komsikazi, kunye nezondlo zayo, ukunyanzelisa loo ntokazi ukuba ikhululeke, ngelixa yena ngokwakhe wafikelela ubukhulu obukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela yayineempembelelo ezidabukisayo: izibungu zibangele izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kwabasetyhini, kwaye ukukhula okunamandla kwe-parasite kunokukhokelela ekufeni kwenkosikazi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwakukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokususa iimbungu, kodwa kwakungenakwenzeka ukufumana indlela yokusebenza ngokupheleleyo: kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kususwe inzala yegciwane elivela emzimbeni.
Arsenic
Ukuba ngoku igama lale nkunkuma lidibene nathi ngegama elithi "ubuthi", kwi-19th century amantombazana asebenzisa i-arsenic njengeendlela zokuzilungisa: wanika ubuso ubuso obunzima, kwaye amehlo akhe athobile. Isilwanyana saqala ukuthatha ukususela kwimilinganiselo encinci kwaye kwandiswe ngokuthe ngcembe, ngenxa yoko abantu babenomlutha wangempela: emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa i-arsenic emzimbeni, bekukho iingxaki ngomsebenzi wesisu esiswini, isisu esiswini, ukuhlanza. Xa abafazi besoloko bethatha ubuthi, ngenxa yoko bafa ngenxa yeengxaki ezahlukeneyo.
Iigundlo kwizinwele
Ngekhulu le-19, amantombazana aneemigodi ephezulu kunye nephezulu ayaziwayo ngokubonakala kwawo kuluntu lwabantu abathembekileyo. Ubuhle bebherekhwe bekunqunywe yinkimbinkimbi yokusebenza kunye nobukhulu bayo, kwaye okona kunomdla wokubaluleka kweyona nto, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ibonakale ngumnini wayo. Ukuphakama kwama-wigs kwakungama-cmentimitha angama-30, kwaye ngenxa yoko, baninzi ubunzima. Ukumisa nokuqinisa isakhiwo se-wig, ioli yeengulube isetyenzisiwe: le nkqubo yathatha ixesha elide, ngoko ukuphathwa kwansuku zonke nge-wig kwakungenakwenzeka. Ngako oko, amantombazana awazange athabathe iingubo zabo zeekhanda ixesha elide - iiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, ioli yengulube ekhanda lomnini wekhanda elihle liba yintlanzi yamagundane, kwaye ihlupheke kakhulu izifo ezinzulu.