Ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantwana abangamaqhoqho e-congenital displacement of the hip yindlela eqhelekileyo yokukhathazeka kokuzalwa komntwana. Ukuba umntwana, ngaphezu koko, i-acetabulum engakhuselekanga, eyenza i-joint ye-hip, i-dysplasia ye-joint hip. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ye-dysplasia, ukuba amanyathelo afikelelekiyo athathatyathwa, ukutshatyalaliswa kwenziwa ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Xa i-dysplasia, ukuphulwa kuyagcinwa kuzo zonke izicwangciso zentsanga: i-acetabulum, intloko yesifazane kunye neentloko ezijikelezayo, iigaments, i-capsule. Ezi tshintsho kuzo zidibaniswa nokuphuhliswa kwamathambo. Ukuphuhliswa kwe-dysplasia (ezinye zazo ezenziwe ngokutsha) ngenxa yokungahambelani kokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-acetabulum kunye nentloko ye-wesifazane kwinqanaba le-intrauterine yophuhliso lwethanga.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-hip dislocation kuvame kakhulu kumantombazana. Kukholelwa ukuba ukuphuhliswa kokutshintshiswa kuqhutyelwa zizifo zikamama ngexesha lokukhulelwa (i-toxicosis, nephropathy), kunye nesimo esingalunganga se-fetus (umzekelo, i-pelvic).
Iimpawu zesi sifo ziyakwazi ukuphawulwa ngabazali ngokwabo. Le yintambo ye-folds yolusu elukhunjini kunye neentambo, umahluko phakathi nobude bemilenze. Xa imilenze ibhalwa emacaleni, kwindawo ephakamileyo, ukhenketho uvalekile, umda we-dilatation ye-hip. Kwimimiselo, kwiintsana zokuqala kweenyanga zobomi, amathanga aphethwe ngokulula kwi-80-90 degrees. Ukujikelezwa kwangaphandle kweenyawo - kunye nalo mqondiso wonyawo, kwicala lokutshintshwa, njengoko kuphelile. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi ngexesha lokulala komntwana. Ukuba i-dysplasia ayifumaneki kwixesha, imbonakalo yesi sifo ibonakala kuphela xa umntwana emi emilenzeni. Ezi ntsana zihamba zihamba kamva kunabanye, kwaye zihamba zijikeleze: xa usuka kwelinye icala, umlenze womntwana emlenzeni owodwa, kwaye xa i-uddles emibini-e-side-like duck. Ukuqinisekisa okanye ukungabandakanyi ukuxilongwa kwimizuzu engama-2-3, ii-x-rays ze-hip joints zenziwa.
Unyango kufuneka luqaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokuphantsi kolawulo lwezonyango. Kwimigangatho yokuqala yesifo, ngeenyanga ezintathu zokuqala zobomi bomntwana, kusetshenziswe i-swaddling ebanzi. Phakathi kokubamba amajoyina kunye nokuqhenqa kwinqumlo ukubeka i-diaper eneenkcukacha ezine. Ichanekileyo phakathi kwamathanga ngamapenties, i-diaper. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona izixhobo ezizodwa. Kwenzeka ukuba u-swaddling olubanzi aluvumelekile (oku kungenziwa kuphela ugqirha), ngoko kusetshenziselwa imilenze yokulungisa imilenze, apho umntwana uya kuba khona ade aphinde aphinde abuye. Xa kuqalwa ukutshintshwa, ukungenelelwa kokucwangciswa kwenziwa.
Unyango ngesimo .
- Umbhede womntwana kufuneka ube nesicatyambo kunye nesigxina.
- Nge-dysplasia engabalulekanga, ngexesha leenyanga ezintathu zokuqala umntwana usebenzisa i-swaddling ebanzi.
- Ukususela kwisimo esifanelekileyo esiswini, iinyawo zigobile kwaye zigobile, zifanele ziqhube ngaphaya komda webhedlele, ngaphandle koko i-spasm ye-muscle - i-adduction of the hips - iyanda.
- Ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-6-7, abazali kufuneka bahlale nomntwana ngaphandle kwemilenze, beguqa ubuso ngobuso. Ngelo xesha, kuyimfuneko ukuxhasa umntwana emva komva.
- Xa umama ehamba okanye emela nomntwana, ngoko kufuneka abe nesandla esisodwa emva kwakhe, embethe umntwana, kunye nelinye icala phantsi kwamatye. Ngokwenza njalo, imilenze yomntwana ifanele ifake i-torso yomama. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona "i-kangaroo", nangona ukugqithisa ixesha elide kukukhokelela ekuphumeni kwe-forefoot ngaphandle.
- Isikhundla sokuqala - umntwana ulele emhlane wakhe, inyawo kwi-masseur (umama). Imilenze yomntwana iguqulwe emadolweni kunye nokuxhamla amaqhina kunye nokunyuka kweplastiki ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-acupressure kanyekanye ukuphucula i-hamstrings ehamba phambili. Iiplanga ze-nail phalanges ze-2 kunye neminwe emithathu okanye iminwe emithathu yesandla, umama uthinta isikhumba endaweni ehambelana nokubonakaliswa kwendibano ehlangothini, ukwenzela ukuba uzive uxinzelelo xa ucinezelekile, kwaye ngokukhawuleza wenze ngokunyanisekileyo uxinzelelo oluxubileyo olucothayo kwinqanaba ); yonke ingqungquthela yomntwana ibhawula isundu kunye neminwe yesandla esinye, umnwe wokuqala ulala ngokukhawuleza phambi kwendawo yangaphakathi yentambo. Ukuphumula komzimba we-adductor kuqhutyelwa ngongoma-nye, ukuxiliswa kwe-vibration (point 2-3 cm ngaphantsi kwe-folded inguinal) kunye nokukhwankqisa komlenze wengane kunye neminwe ehleliyo (intambo yomntwana isentendeni yemasseur). Ngxeshanye kunye nokuxuba kunye nokugubha izikhwebu zomlenze ogobileyo, umlenze ususwe ngokusuka ngaphandle.
- Indawo yokuqala iyafana. I-masseur ngesinye isandla isilungisa umlenze womntwana (ngesandla sasekhohlo - ngakwesobunxele, efanelekileyo-ehlangene ngokubambisana), egobethwe ngesandla senye isandla ngokukhawuleza igubungela idolo lomntwana kwaye yenza ukujikeleza okuncane kwethanga kunye ne-axis yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kunye nexinzelelo lwangaphantsi kweplastiki kwi-knee, i-shin ikhonjiswe ngaphandle. Lo msebenzi ufezekisa uxinzelelo oluncinci lwentloko yesifazane kwi-acetabulum.
- Isikhundla sokuqala - umntwana ulele esiswini sakhe. Umaster ulungisa i-pelvis yengane kancane ngesandla esinye, ebeka isandla sesandla sakhe sobunxele kwicala elifanelekileyo lomntwana, ngakwesinye isandla, ekubanjeni i-shin, okwenza umlenze wokunene uguqe emadolweni nasezihlangwini. Kuyafana-omnye umlenze. Kule ndawo kwaye kule ndawo, ukunyakaza kwi-joint hip kufezekiswa ngokulula kunokwenzeka ngokubanzi ngokubanzi.