Ukulungiswa kwamanyathelo okuvuselela
Imithetho emininzi yokubonelela ngononophelo abantu abadala bafaka isicelo kubantwana, nangona ubuchule bokuvuselela kufuneka bulungiswe ngokufanelekileyo (ngaphandle koko bangalimaza abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka yobubhozo). Umntwana ngaphezu kweminyaka eyisibhozo uncedo olufanayo njengomntu omdala. Ngako oko, uninzi lweempawu kunye nekhono lokuvuselelwa kwabantwana abangaphantsi komnyaka omnye, abanamathambo angamaqabunga kunye nomzimba obuncinane, kunye nomthamo omncinci wegazi.
Isiseko sokuvuselela
Xa kungabikho ukuphefumula kunye ne-palpitation, iindlela ezifanayo zokuvuselela zihlala zisetyenziswa. Emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko lwendawo yokunyamekela, kuyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza ukuba uqale amanyathelo okuvuselela, injongo yalokuba:
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi;
• ukubuyiswa kokuphefumula okwaneleyo;
• ukubonelela intliziyo yexhoba.
• Uncedo lokuqala kwindawo yengozi inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni ubomi bomntwana, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela ukungenelela kwonyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha.
Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko
Into yokuqala yokwenza kukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yesiganeko ikhuselekile kwixhoba kwaye unceda. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana uphantsi kweempembelelo zamandla kagesi, kuyimfuneko kuzo zonke izicwangciso, ukuphepha ukuthintana ngqo, ukukhupha okwangoku okanye ukukrazula ixhoba ngaphandle kweendlela ezenziwe kakuhle (intambo eyomileyo okanye intonga).
Uvavanyo lokuqonda
Igosa lokuqala loncedo kufuneka lichonge ukuba ngaba ixhoba liyazi. Ukwenza oku, unokuyigxininisa, ityebe okanye uthethe naye (umntwana omncinci ukhonjiswe kwiindawo ezinyaweni zakhe). Emva koko kufuneka uzame ukuhlola ubunzima beemeko zakhe kwaye ubize i-ambulensi.
Indawo yokuhlangula
Ukuba umntwana engakwaziyo nokuphefumla, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya wakhe ukhululekile, kwaye waguquka waba "kwindawo yokuhlangula". Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukuxubha ngenxa yolwimi oluphazamisayo okanye ukuvuthwa kwemihlanzi. Umntwana ulala ngokuxhaswa kwesandla esisinye sincedisa intloko encinane. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukususa amaqela angaphandle kumazwi omlomo womntwana. Gcina ubuchule bendlela yokuphefumula, ukuphakamisa isikhombiso sexhoba ngeminwe emibili. Ukuvavanya ubukho bokuphefumula kufuneka kube yimitha elithandathu. Xa kungabikho ukuphefumla, umgcini-mgcini makangqine iphunga lomntwana aze athathe impumulo emihlanu emlonyeni womlomo kunye nomfutho wokuphefumla omnye ngemizuzwana emithathu. Ngelo xesha, kubalulekile ukulawula ukuphakanyiswa kwesifuba somntwana. I-pulse yesigulane igqityiwe kwi-artery carotid nayo iphezulu imizuzwana engama-10 (ukufumana lo mzobo entanyeni ukuya ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene kwe-trachea). Xa kubuyiselwa ukuphefumula nokusabalalisa, umntwana kufuneka abekwe "kwindawo yokuhlangula". Ukungabikho kwe-pulse, umncedi uya kuhlawula ngokuthe ngqo kwintliziyo: izibetho ezinhlanu kwisithathu esezantsi ze-sternum zitshintshwe kunye ne-inhalation enye. Ubume bexinzelelo kufuneka kube malunga nekhulu ngomzuzu. Nawuphi na umzimba wasemzini kwiphepha lokuphefumula kufuneka ususwe ngokucokisekileyo. Emva koko kuyimfuneko ukuphakamisa kancane inkunzi yexhoba ngomnwe omnye, ukuxhasa intloko ngenye icala. Ngoku siyakulinganisa ubukho bokuphefumula ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntwana akaphefumli imizuzwana eyi-10, umgcini-nkonzo uqala ukuphefumla okwenziwe ngexesha kunye nomlomo, ukulawula ukuphakanyiswa kwesifuba sexhoba. Ubungakanani bokuba inhalisa kufuneka kube malunga nomoya omnye ngemizuzwana emithathu. Emva koko, kufuneka uzame ukufumana umthambo kwi-brachial artery (kwinqaba lebhokisi). Ukuba i-pulse ingaphantsi kwesinye isithandathu ngomzuzwana, qhubela kwisinyathelo 4. Xa ubuyisela impembe nokuphefumula, umntwana ufakwa kwindawo "yokuhlangula". Ukuncedisa, ndicinezela ngenyameko iminwe emibini kwisithathu esezantsi sternum ngejubane leentshukumo ezili-100 ngomzuzu. Ukuchofoza ezintlanu kufana nomoya omnye. Le mi sebenzi iyaqhubeka isenziwa ngaphambi kokuba i-ambulensi ifike. Ukuxhatshazwa kwinto eqhelekileyo kubantwana ngenxa yesithintelo somoya. Iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa ziquka ukungakwazi ukuthetha nokuphefumula ubuso obomvu. Ngokuqhubeka nokuxhatshazwa, ubuso bomntwana buba luhlaza grey kwaye ngaphandle kokuncedwa, unokufa. Ukuba umntwana uyaqaphela, umgcini-mgcini makamxhathise emveni kwexesha ukuze asuse umzimba wangaphandle kwiphepha lokuphefumula. Ukuba akukho mfuneko efunekayo, indlela ye-Heimlich isetyenziswa. Ukuba ukuvinjelwa kwamanxweme akukwazi ukupheliswa ngoncedo lwale ndlela, kufuneka ukhawuleze ubize i-ambulensi. Ukuba umntwana akaphefumli kwaye akaqondi, ukuhlaziywa kufuneka kuqalwe kwaye iqela le-ambulensi libizwe. Ukwenza ukumkelwa kwe-Heimlich, umgcini-mgcini ugcina emva kwezandla zesibongo sexhoba ngelixa ephethe isibalo esithile kwicandelo eliphantsi le-sternum. Emva koko zintlanu ezichukumisayo zokunyakaza zenziwa.
Umntwana engenayo ingqiqo
Ukuba umntwana owonzakeleyo engazi, yenza amanyathelo 1 no-2 (jonga ngasentla). Ukuba oku akunakunceda, bathelela ukukhanda emhlane nasemveni kokusikwa kweentliziyo, ukuqhuba le ndlela phambi kokufika kwamagqirha.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwintsana
Umntu oncedisayo ubamba umntwana phantsi kwaye wenza amaninzi amanqabileyo abukhali ngasemva. Ukuba oku akunakunceda, benza intlaninge yokunyakaza kwee-patting kwi-back and esifubeni kuze kufike i-ambulensi.