I-Pox Pox
Oku, mhlawumbi, ngenye yezifo ezingenabungozi ebuntwaneni. Okwangoku, amazwe athuthukileyo asele asetyenzise isitofu sokugonya. Ingxaki yesifo esiyintsholongwane, kwaye iimpawu zayo zokuqala ziyintloko, intlungu yokubuya kunye nokuntuleka kwesidlo. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa elukhumbeni kubonakala iindawo ezincinci ezibomvu, emva kweeyure eziliqela zanda kwaye zijika zibe yimpumle. Emva koko i-scab (i-crust) yenziwe, eyaphela emva kweveki ezimbini. Ezi zifo zabantwana zihamba kunye nokutshisa okukhulu. Kufuneka uqaphele - awukwazi ukuvumela umntwana ukuba ahlambe indawo. Umntwana kufuneka anikwe ithuba lokusela amaninzi amanzi ukuze agweme ukungcola kwamanzi kwiqondo eliphezulu.
Ixesha lokuxubusha lihlala iiveki ezintathu. Esi sifo sithathelanisa bonke abangakabikho inkukhu. Emva kokuba uqaphele ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo, umntwana kufuneka akhuliswe. Akakwazi ukusebenzisana nabanye abantwana ade aphilise ngokupheleleyo.
Umkhuhlane we-Scarlet
Ngomnye umzekelo wesifo odla ngamanye amaxesha kwimiphumo emibi, kodwa kunqabile kakhulu ngoku. Kukholelwa ukuba eso sifo sagqitywa yi-penicillin, kodwa oku akusiyo ingxabano yangempela, ekubeni ukusalala kwesifo kwaqala ngaphambi kokuba yakhelwe. Mhlawumbi oku kubhekisela ekuphuculweni kweemeko zokuphila.
Esi sifo sibonakala ngokubonakala kwebomvu. Umkhuhlane we-Scarlet kubantwana abancinci kubangelwa yi-streptococci, ephindaphinda ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni kunye ne-immunity. Impawu zokuqala zesifo zixhala, intloko, i-lymph nodes ne-fever. Ngokuqhelekileyo, lesi sifo sichaphazela abantwana besuka kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweyesi-8 kwaye sikhula ngeveki.
Meningitis
Esi sifo kuze kube yimini kubangela ingxabano enkulu kwiyeza zanamhlanje. I-Meningitis kukuvuvukala kwengqondo kunye nentambo yomthambo. Iimpawu zakhe zintlungu entanyeni kunye nentshukumo (kungekho rhoqo), intloko enzima, umkhuhlane. Esi sifo singabangela ibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye kungabangela ukuba kubanda kakhulu. Usuleleko lwebhaktheriya lunentsholongwane kakhulu, kuba iibhaktheriya zihlala emqaleni nasematheni kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza ngamaconsi. I-Meningitis iyaphiliswa, kodwa i-diagnostic yangaphambili iyadingeka. Oogqirha bahlala bengakwazi ukuxilonga isifo ngexesha, njengoko bengayithobeli iindali zabazali ngokuziphatha komntwana okungavamile kakhulu. Uninzi lwabahlengikazi abanakukwazi ukuxilonga i-meningitis ngokungabikho kwempawu zentlungu yentamo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokufunyaniswa kwesi sifo, iziphumo ezingenakuguquka kwiingqondo ziyakwenzeka, ezikhokelela ekuphelelweni kwengqondo kwanokufa. Ukuba umntwana unomkhuhlane ophezulu kwiintsuku ezingama-3-4, ukulala, ukuhlanza, uyakhala ngenxa yentloko, kwaye mhlawumbi, entanyeni - zonke ezi zibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ze-meningitis. Ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics kuholele ekunciphiseni ukufa kwesi sifo ukusuka kuma-95 ukuya kuma-5 ekhulwini.
Isifo sofuba
Ukuphendula okungalunganga kumntu omntwana kumthoba abazali abaninzi ukuba umntwana akayi kugula ngesifo sofuba, kodwa asikho. Nangona i-American Academy ye-Pediatrics inikeze uvavanyo olubi lweenkqubo zokugonywa. Ngethuba lophando lwabonakaliswa ukuba iziphumo ezingamanga zinokwenzeka. Umntwana angagula nangona kukho isibonakaliso esibi seMantoux.
I-Childhood Immant Death Syndrome
Izifo ezinjalo eziqhelekileyo zabantwana zihlala zisongela abantu abadala. Abazali abaninzi, ngokuqinisekileyo, bayothuka xa bacinga ukuba ngelinye ilanga bayabona umntwana wabo efile kwisikhumba. Izazinzululwazi zonyango ayikafumananga isizathu salolu hlobo, kodwa ezininzi izazinzulu zithetha ukuba isizathu sokuphulwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous central ngenxa yokuphefumula. Oku akuphenduli umbuzo wento ekhokelela ekuphefumulweni kokuphefumula. Abanye oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba oku kungaba ngumphumo wokugonywa ekukhuseleni ukukhwehlela, njengoko uphando lubonisile ukuba ababini kwabantwana abangama-103 abafumene esi siglomi bafa ngokukhawuleza. Yaye akusiyo kuphela isifundo. Iingcali zeSebe leYunivesithi yaseCalifornia zipapashile iziphumo zophando ngokumalunga nabantwana abangama-27 kwabangama-53 abafumana isitofu sokufa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuncelisa kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yomntwana. Kuboniswe ukuba abantwana abancinciweyo bancitshiswa kakhulu kwizifo, kubandakanywa nesifo sokufa komntwana ngokukhawuleza.
Poliomyelitis
Esi sifo sithinta namhlanje inani elincinci labantwana kunaphambili. Ngasekuqaleni kwee-1940, amawaka wabantwana abulawa yile poliomyelitis ngonyaka. Ngoku kukho ukugonya okufikelelekayo nokusebenzayo ngokuchasene nesi sifo. Esi sifo sinokutshatyalaliswa, kodwa ukwesaba kuhleli. Uninzi lweziganeko zepolomyelitis eziza emva koko zibangelwa ngabazali ukwenqaba ukugoma. Ngezinye izihlandlo abazali bakholelwa ukuba akukho sizathu sokugonya umntwana, ekubeni isifo sisiwe. Akunjalo. Ukugonywa kuyimfuneko, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
Rubella
Lo ngumzekelo wesifo esincinci somntwana, esasifuna unyango. Iimpawu zokuqala zerubella ziyimfiva kunye nayo yonke imiqondiso ebanda. Ukukhawuleza okubomvu kubonakala, ephika emva kweentsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Isigulana kufuneka silale kwaye siphuze ngaphezulu. Kukho isitofu sokukhusela i-rubella, into engekho isigunyaziso - oku kugqitywe ngabazali ngokwabo.
Pertussis
Esi sifo siphumelele kakhulu kwaye sidluliselwa emoyeni. Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa livela kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezine. Iimpawu - ukukhwehlela okukhulu kunye nomkhuhlane. Kwiintsuku ezilishumi emva kokuqala kokugula, ukukhwehlela komntwana kuya kuba yinto ehamba phambili, ubuso bubumnyama kwaye bufumana i-tinge bluish. Uphawu olongezelelweyo luyilo lokuhlanza.
I-Pertussis inokusuleleka kwiphina iminyaka, kodwa ngaphezu kwesigamu sabantwana bayagula ngaphambi kweminyaka emibini. Oku kunokuba yingozi, kwanokufa, ngakumbi kwiintsana. Esi sifo sithintela malunga neenyanga emva kokuqala kweempawu zokuqala, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba isigulane sodwa. Akukho nonyango ekhethekileyo, ukuphumla okwaneleyo kunye neyeza eliphezulu. Kukho isitofu sokulwa nesifo se-pertussis, kodwa sinika impendulo enzima, kwaye abazali abaninzi abaqapheli ukugonya umntwana wabo.