Ingxaki ebalulekileyo ekudaleni ugonyo kunye neziyobisi kukuba i-virus ye-hepatitis C inomsebenzi ophezulu wokuguquguquka kwaye, ngenxa yoko, i-genetic heterogeneity. Oko kukuthi, kwi-genome yesifo sengqobhoko kukho indawo ezininzi ezinokuthi zingaguquki. Ngenxa yoko, iintlobo ezi-6 ezahlukileyo ze-genotype yesifo sesifo sele ziyaziwa, kwaye ukuhluka ngalunye kwe-genotype kubandakanya okungenani ubuninzi beentlobo ezili-10. Ngamazwi alula, "intsapho" ye-virus ye-hepatitis C ikhula rhoqo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba akunakwenzeka ukwenza isicontsho okanye amayeza ayeza kulwa nentsholongwane. Ngaphandle komzimba womntu omnye, ukuqala ukuphindaphinda, intsholongwane inika inzala eyahlukileyo kwimihlobo yomzali yokuba ithola amandla oku "kusinda" kwimpembelelo ye-antibodies eyenziwa ngumzimba womzimba kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo zamachiza. Oku kuchaza ukuvuselelwa kwe-hepatitis C kwizigulane ezibonakala ziphiliswa.
I-agent causative ye-hepatitis C isasazwa ngegazi. Iqela lomngcipheko wokusuleleka ulwaphulo-mthetho lugxininiso lweziyobisi. Ngokwezibalo zaseRashiya kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nganye imeko yesibini yokusuleleka ngolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis ludibaniswa nokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Ama-50% asele awela kwizigulane ze-hemophilia, izigulane ze-hemodialysis, abahlengikazi, oogqirha, oogqirha bamazinyo, abagcini bezinwele - ngelizwi labo bonke abadibana negazi labantu abanentsholongwane. Kwakhona, iimeko zokusasaza intsholongwane ngokubhoboza, ukudweba amathambo, ukuguqula umzimba kunye nokuhamba nge-pedicure akuqhelekanga ngezixhobo ezingenakunikwa. Kodwa ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana intsholongwane idlulayo kakhulu.
Ngokutsho kwe-World Health Organisation, malunga ne-3% yabemi behlabathi bathwala isifo sengqondo se-hepatitis C, i-e. abantu abayizigidi ezingama-300. Kodwa ukuba ucinga ukuba kumazwe amaninzi kuphela ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kwe-hepatitis C kubhalisiwe, kwaye kwamanye amazwe akukho manani kwi-viral hepatitis, kunengqiqo ukucinga ukuba ukulingana kwamanani okubakho kuphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga losulelo lwabantu luhlukahluka kakhulu kummandla (ukusuka ku-0.6-1.4% e-USA ukuya kuma-4-5% kumazwe ase-Afrika).
Ixesha lokuxubusha kwe-hepatitis C liyaqhubeka ngeentsuku ezingama-40-50. Ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo ngokwayo kungahlula zibe zigaba ezintathu: i-acute, latent (engapheliyo) kunye nesigaba sokuqalisa kwakhona (isifo esitsha sesifo).
Isigaba esicacileyo sisoloko silinganiselwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, ngoko ke le sifo ayifumaneki kwinqanaba lokuqala. Izigulane ezinesimo esisebenzayo zesigaba esiqingqiweyo sincinci (ezingekho ngaphezulu kwama-20%). Ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kubandakanya ubuthathaka obuninzi, ukukhathala okukhawuleza, ukunciphisa ukutya kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ukuxilongwa kubonakala lula ngokubonakala kwe-icteric sclera kunye nebala lokukhanda, kodwa iimpawu ze-jaundice aziqabile - kwi-8-10% yamatyala.
Ininzi yezigulane, isigaba esisigxina sithatha indawo yesigxina, kunye nokukhula kwexesha elide kwintsholongwane emzimbeni, kwaye iyakwazi ukufikelela kwiminyaka eyi-10-20. Kulo lonke ixesha abantu abasulelekileyo bayazibona bephilile. Isikhalazo kuphela esinokubangela ubunzima kwi-hypochondrium efanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba okanye ukuphazamiseka kokutya. Kwizigulane ngeli xesha, ukunyuka okuncinci kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwesibindi kunye nepeni kunokufunyanwa, kwaye iimvavanyo zegazi zibonisa ukwanda kancinci kwinqanaba le-enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) kwaye iveza i-RNA yesifo sengqondo se-hepatitis C ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukusebenza kwakhona kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo emva kweminyaka eyi-14 kwaye kukhokelela kwi-cirrhosis yesibindi kunye ne-hepatocellular carcinoma. Intsholongwane ingabangela i-pathologies kunye nezinye izitho kwaye zingabangela ukuvuvukala kwesifo senyoka, isifo sikashukela, i-lymph nodes, inkqubo yesantya kunye nomonakalo wentliziyo, izifo zesikhumba, i-arthritis, ukungasebenzi kwezesondo, kwaye olu luhlu luyaqhubeka.
Inkqubo ekhoyo yokunyanga kwe-hepatitis C idinga ukuphuculwa. Iziyobisi ezikhoyo (i-interferon, i-virazol, njl. Njl) ayinakwenzeka. Ngokutsho kweekliniki ezahlukeneyo, umphumo wonyango ufezeke kuphela kwi-40-45% yezigulane. Ukongezelela, ezi zonyango zibiza, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuhambelana nemiphumo emibi. Kule nto, ukubaluleka kwamanyathelo okuthintela afana namanyathelo okuthintelwa kwe-AIDS: ukulwa nokulwa nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukulawulwa kwegazi kunye nemveliso yayo, ukukhusela kunye nemfundo yempilo.
Unakekele impilo yakho engabalulekanga!