Ukungakhuselekanga komntwana: ukwakha

Kutheni abanye abantwana begula ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye bafumane ngokukhawuleza, ngoxa abanye, ngokuchaseneyo, bahlala belele embhedeni, ngoko ke baneentsholongwane zokuphefumula, ngoko nge-angina, kunye ne-sinusitis okanye i-otitis? Oogqirha kwiimeko ezinjalo bathi umntwana akaxilwanga. Usebenza njani?
Kwabaninzi, ukukhuselwa kukuhlala into eyimfihlakalo. Kodwa oku kungumqondiso obalulekileyo wempilo, isimo sengqondo kunye nobungakanani bendalo. Ukungakhuselekanga (ukusuka kwi-Latin immunitas - "inkululeko") ithetha ukukhuselwa, ukulahlwa komzimba kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo ezithathelwanayo, iimveliso zomsebenzi wazo obalulekileyo, ukusuka kwiibisi kunye neeseli zesisu.

Ukukhuselwa komzimba kumelelwe ngamalungu athile, kwiindawo ezininzi zifana neenkqubo zokukhusela ilizwe.
Kwaye kwahlula kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zemikhosi, nje kuphela amaziko emfundo asezempi kunye nolunye ulawulo lwabaphathi. Amalungu omzimba omzimba ahlukeneyo kwi-primary (apho amaseli omzimba "aqeqeshiwe") kunye nesekondari (apho "basebenzayo").
Iziko zaseprayimari yi-thymus kunye nomnkantsha wamathambo obomvu. Iiseli eziphambili ze-immunity ziyi-lymphocytes. Zithunyelwa kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo (thymus). Leli lizwi leeseli "eziqeqeshwe" - i-T-lymphocytes, ukusuka kwi-T (thymus), ngokungafani ne-B-lymphocytes (evela eB-bursa), ebizwa ngokuba yikhwama yefowuni kwiintaka, nangona ebantwini indima yayo yenziwa ngumongo obomvu, I-lymphocytes ibandakanyeka kwimveliso ye-antibodies, iiprotheni izinto ze-serum yegazi, ezikhusela ngokuthe ngqo umzimba kumathambo. "Uqeqesho" kwi-thymus lujoliswe ekuveliseni inxalenye ye-T-lymphocytes ukukwazi ukuqonda abaxhamli, kuquka amabhaktheriya. Le yinkqubo yohlobo lobuqili.

Uninzi lwe-T-lymphocyte ngabababulali (ababulali), batshabalalise ii-arhente zeentshaba ezithe zafunyanwa iiseli. I-T-lymphocytes eziseleyo zenza umsebenzi wokulawula: Abancedisi be-T (abancedisayo) banokukhusela ukukhuselwa, abaqapheli nje abantu abangaziwayo, kodwa nabagqwetha ababenabo. Ezi zintsikelelo ezinjalo, ngokomzekelo, iiseli zesisu. Abancedi baxela kwiziko-iseli sele izalwe kabusha, sele isitha kwaye ingaqalisa inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwesisu somhlaza. Ukuphendula kulo mqondiso, ababulali be-T bathunyelwa "kumculi" kwaye bayayibulala. Kukho kwakhona i-lymphocytes yokucindezela (ukusuka kwisiNgesi ukukhupha - "ukukhuselela"), ekhupha impendulo yomzimba emva kokuba abantu abangaziwayo kunye nabagqwetha bebe bengenakubungozi. Ngaphandle koko ababulali abaxhatshazwayo banokubeka ubushushu ngama-inertia nakwamaseli asekuhlaleni.

I-leukocytes enye uhlobo (i-neutrophils) yakha umgca wokuqala wokukhusela. Kufana nabalindi bokungqamana abokuqala ukuhlangabezana nabangamazi-pathogenic, kubandakanywa ezo ncinci kunye neentsholongwane ezingena embranini okanye kwesikhumba. "Abalindi bemihlaba" bahlambulule ubuso obonakalisiweyo nabunobungozi ukusuka kwiiseli ezafa ekulinganiseni kwemilenze, kunye nakwi "erythrocytes" endala. Mhlawumbi wonke umntu uvile nge-interferon, ngoku, ngokubanzi, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizifo zentsholongwane. Yintoni i-interferon? Iproteinyini ephantsi yamathambo kunye nepropathi. Iqala ukuvelisa iiseli ezinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza. I-Interferon inqanda ukuphindaphinda kwee-virus kwiiseli, kwaye kuthatha amangqamuzana akhululekile kwaye akavumeli ukuba ngaphandle baye khona. Kukho iintlobo ze-leukocytes (i-eosinophils) ezinokuthi zithathe inxaxheba ekutshatyalalisweni kwee-parasites ezichaphazela umzimba, kunye nokuphendula okuthe tye. Bambiza abanye abantu ukuba bancede, kwaye ngoko inani labo egazini landa.
Izigqeba eziqhelekileyo zokukhusela yileli, i-lymph nodes, i-toni, i-adenoids, isithasiselo, i-follicles lymphatic. Bona, njengeeseli zokuzikhusela, zihlakazekile kuwo wonke umzimba. Ezi ngcaciso elula malunga nezixhobo zokuzivikela. Kodwa baya kusinceda siqonde iincwadi ezithandwayo malunga nempilo kwaye siyiqonde indlela yokuqinisa imithi yabo, eyabo, ngakumbi abantwana.

Iiprobiotics kunye neebiobiotics
Ezinye iindidi ze-microbes (i-lactococci, i-enterococci, i-micrococci, i-bifidobacteria) ikhusela umzimba wethu kwimiphumo emibi yemitha, imichiza kunye ne-carcinogens. Ngokwezithethe zenkcubeko zale micimbi, izazinzulu zenza i-biologics yokuphucula i-microstlora yamathumbu kunye nemveliso yezobisi zonyango-prophylactic. Babizwa ngokuba ngama probiotics. Enyanisweni, ezi nkcubeko ezincinci zikholoni, ezithunyelwa ekuphuhliseni imimandla emitsha emathunjini. Iimpawu ezinobuncwane zikhusela umzimba kubantu abangaziwayo. Amalungiselelo enkqenkqile asele adalwe, afaka zombini ezinobuncwane kunye nezinto ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwazo. Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba yi-prebiotics. Ezi ziquka i-fiber dietary, i-pectins, i-enzymes kunye namavithamini ngamanye, kunye ne-polysaccharides kunye nama-proteins. Babizwa ukuba benze izimo ezifanelekileyo kubagqolonti, ukubanceda bafumane indawo entsha kwaye babe ngabahlali bemveli kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zamathumbu. Ezi zinto zincedo kakhulu, i-prebiotiki, asinakho okwaneleyo kwizinto ezininzi ezilungisiweyo, ukutya okulungele ukutya, njengama-porridges esheshayo kunye nangoko, amazambane ahlambulukileyo, i-jellies, ijezi. Iimveliso ezicwangcisiweyo zilungele kuphela iintsana, ezinokuthi iinkqubo zogxininiso zenziwe kuphela kwaye azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nokuhambelana nokutya okusemgangathweni. Iingxaki zezo zixhobo ezincinci kunye nezixhobo (iprobiotics kunye ne-prebiotics) zisetyenziselwa ukuphuculwa kweemveliso zobisi ezivuthiwe kwaye zisekelwe kwi-kefirbiobalanses, iziyobisi kunye nezidibaniso zemifino yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, njl. Amalungiselelo okusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (i-pharmacy) yeprobiotics asetyenziswe ngokwemiqathango yesigqirha ye-dysbacteriosis, kunye nemveliso yobisi enomuncu ephucukisiwe kunye neentlobo ezincinane zempilo nazo zinceda kubantwana abasempilo ukugcina udidi oluphezulu "loluntu lwamathumbu".

Abakhi beeprotheni
Qaphela: zonke izinto ze-immune system ziyizimba zeprotheni. Ngenxa yoko, kubakho ukwakhiwa kwabo kubalulekile ukubandakanya iimveliso zeeprotheyini kwisondlo sokutya.
Iiprotheni ezinomsoco kufuneka zizaliswe, ziqukethe isethi epheleleyo ye-amino acid.
Le inyama, ubisi kunye nemveliso yobisi, amaqanda, intlanzi. Yintoni eyenzekayo xa umntwana enikwa i-sausages endaweni yenyama yemvelo, kusasa esikhundleni se-cottage cheese - ushizi olwalukiweyo, ngosuku olulandelayo kusasa yentlanzi Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukungabikho kwezakhiwo zokwakha izinto ezizalisekisa ukukhuselwa komzimba, kuya kuphazamisa amandla abo.

Ukukhusela umntwana
Ubungozi bempilo yomntwana kwiintsholongwane ziphawulwe ixesha elide. "Ubomi bomntwana oneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka engama-7 buxhomekeke ngumtya," bathi kumaxesha amandulo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwihlabathi lanamhlanje imeko yatshintshile kakhulu.
Ngexesha lokuqubuka kweentsholongwane zentsholongwane yentsholongwane yokuphefumula, thatha i-decoction yenja ivuke imihla ngemihla! Kuyo, ngaphezu kwe-vitamin C, kukho i-beta-carotene ebalulekileyo kakhulu, kunye ne-provitamin A.