Imigca yecimbi ayifumanekanga kwaye ifunyanwe ngengozi kwiphepha labantwana abafa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza izifo ezinjalo kubantwana abancinci.
Isizathu sokufa kwe-stenosis ye-esophageal ukuphulwa kwe-vacuolization ye-tube yangaphakathi yamathumbu emathumbu, okubangela ukunyuka kwazo zonke iziqendu ze-esophagus (i-hypertrophy muscle layer, ukubonakala kweembrane, izitya ezinokungaqhelekanga, njl).
Ngokwemvelo, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokunciphisa umzimba wesisu: isetyhula, i-hypertrophic, membranous (ngenxa yokwanda komlenze we-membrane). Uhlobo lwesetyhula luvela ngokumalunga nokufakelwa kwendandatho enobumba okanye i-cartilaginous ngexesha lokubunjwa kwe-embryonic, i-hypertrophic - yenziwa ngenxa ye-hypertrophy ye-muscular layout yecandelo elithile le-esophagus, membranous - ngenxa yokubunjwa kweembrane, ezinqamle i-lumen ye-esophagus. Uhlobo lokugqibela lwesimbatho sesisu, ngenxa yobungakanani balo lukhutshwe kwi-lumen ye-esophagus.
I-stenosis ye congenosis ye-esophagus ihlala kwindawo ephakathi kwinqanaba okanye ngaphantsi kwayo, kaninzi kuncinci kwenzeka kwinqanaba lesithathu.
Izimpawu zonyango
Iimpawu zeklinikhi zibangelwa yinqanaba lokunciphisa isisu, i-morphology yayo kunye nobudala beminyaka. Ngokugqithiseleyo ukunciphisa abantwana abancinci befumana ukutya okumanzi kunye nolwelo, iimpawu zibonakaliswa kakuhle, zivame ukunganakwa. Ngokucaciswa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-stenosis, into efana neyo-arthritis i-esophagus arthritis iyabonwa. Ngokudluliselwa komntwana kwisidlo esininzi, iimpawu zibe zihluke ngakumbi.
Izimpawu ze-Classic zisesigxina se-dysphagia kunye nokuhlaziywa ngexesha okanye emva kwangoko. Kwi-33% yeziganeko ze-stenosis yesisu kwiintsuku zokuqala ezintathu zokuphila, zikhona iingxaki zokuphefumula ekudleni, ekuhlanjeni nasekuhlaleni. Umntwana osondlo uyaba nexhala, uphonsa intloko yakhe. Kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu, i-hypersalivation ibonakala ngamanye amaxesha. I-Vomit iqukethe ukutya okungatshintshiyo, i-muscus kunye nomnxeba ngaphandle kwephunga elimnandi lomxholo wesantya. Ukuhlaziywa ngokunyuka kwamanani kuya kuba kaninzi kwaye kuqhubeka, ekubeni amandla angqameko emisipha ngaphezu kwesithintelo agcinwa, kwaye ngandlela-thile inxephezela ubunzima besigca sokutya kwinqanaba elincinci le-esophagus. Emva kwexeshana, amandla omzimba aphelile, i-décompensation isetyenziswe kuyo, ekhokelela ekuqhubekeni okuqhubekayo nokuqhubekayo. Iindonga zesigxina ngaphezu kwe-stenosis zilahlekelwa yi-elasticity, zityhulwa, zenza isandiso se-sacciform. Isabelo esandisiweyo sangaphambili esiswini se-esophagus sibonisa ukunyanzeliswa kwintrachea, ekhokelela kwi-dyspnea, i-stridor, i-cyanosis, ukuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela. Ukuxhamla kwandiso lwe-pre-stenotic, ukutya kunokufunwa kwaye kuholele ekuveleni kwe-aspiration pneumonia. Ukongezelela, ukutya okuqhubekayo kuhlaselwa kubhaktheriya; ephuma emlonyeni kukho ukungcola, okonakele.
Kungenzeka ukuba kukho iziganeko ezinqandekileyo zesithintelo se-esophagus, eyenzeka ngenxa yesigxina sokutya kwisigxina se-stenosed.
I-circular kunye ne-membrane ye-stenosis ye-esophageal ayihambisani nokuhlanza. Izithintelo zendawo ezikuyo kwiindawo ezisemgangathweni zesigxina zivela kwixesha elizayo lokuphuhliswa kwengane (kungekudala ngaphezu kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala), ngokuqhelekileyo yi-dysphagia, kwaye ke ezinye iimpawu ezikhankanywe ngasentla. Kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuchazwa okuchaziweyo kwintlupheko, kufuneka kuphawulwe i-lag ekuthuthukiseni umzimba, i-hypotrophy, i-hypokinesia (izigulane zizama ukuhambisa ngaphantsi), i-anemia.
Ukuxilongwa kwezonyango kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokucacileyo ngokwemvelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba indawo ye-stenosis iyakuphi, uhlobo lwenguqu kwi-mucosa yesigxina. Ngaphambi kokuba kuhlolwe i-radiopaque, isigulane sihlanjwe kunye nesisu sokususa ukutya kunye neengqungquthela ze-mucus. Kukhethwa ukuqhuba uvavanyo lwe-radiological kwindawo egciniweyo yesigulane ngokuzaliswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-esophagus. Uphononongo lude elide - kude kube yinto yokungafaniyo engena kwisisu kwaye i-esophagus ichithwe. I-x-ray ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukunciphisa isisu.
I-endoscopy ye-oopopus inexabiso elichanekileyo lokuxilonga. I-Esophagobibroscopy eyenziwa ngumsebenzi wokuqala wokuphumla.
Unyango
Unyango kumaxesha amaninzi lukhawuleza. Ngama-stenos of degree, iyeza zenziwa nge-bougie ngamabhola e-elastic afakwe emlonyeni. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iil dilator ezikhethekileyo zisetyenzisiwe. Ngethuba lokunyanga, u-buzhirovaniobolnoy kufuneka afumane ukutya okumanzi kunye nesikhombi. Ukuba iikhosi ezintathu zonyango azizange zisebenzise, kungenelelo olungenelelo lwenziwa.
Ukukhula!