Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-bulletin ekunakekeleni umntwana inikwe unina, kodwa abaninzi abantu bayazibuza ukuba omnye umntu unokunyamekela umntwana wakhe ogulayo, oko kungukuthi, kungekhona umama, kodwa umzekelo, ugogo okanye unina, kwaye ugula ngenxa yalo.
Umthetho unikeza impendulo elandelayo kulo mbuzo: "Uluhlu lokukhubazeka komsebenzi lungakhishwa kuphela kumntu onyamekela umntwana (umgcini, umgcini, esinye isihlobo)." Ingxowa-mali yeNtlalo yeNhlalakahle yaseRashiya ichaza ukuba nayiphi na isihlobo sinelungelo elipheleleyo lokukhupha ikhefu lokugula ukuze unakekelwe ngumntwana ogulayo. Ngelo xesha, akukho migaqo yokuhlala kwindawo edibeneyo (okokuthi, akuyimfuneko kumntwana kunye nomntu onomnyameko ukuba abe nemvume yokuhlala enye) kwaye ukufumana ikhefu lokugula akukho mfuneko yokuqinisekisa ubungakanani bentsapho. Iingcali zeSebe leNkxaso yezomthetho zichaza ukuba: "kwiluhlu lokukhubazeka komsebenzi, ngokomntu omdala, kuphela oko kukugula umntwana-ugogo, udade, u-anti" kubonisiwe.
Intlawulo yekhefu lokugula
Lo mbuzo uxhalaba nabani na okhathalela umntwana ogulayo, kuba uhleli ekhaya akusebenzi, kwaye kufuneka uchithe imali kwiziyobisi kwaye kungekhona kuphela. Isikhathi kunye nentlawulo yevoti ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yomntwana.
Kukho izikhokelo ezisisiseko:
- ukuba ubudala bomntwana abugqithanga iminyaka eyisixhenxe, ngoko umntu ozinakekelayo (kungakhathaliseki ukuba umzali ungumzali okanye akunjalo), unokunyamekela umntwana okwenziweyo ukuze abuyele kwakhona. Khawukhumbule nje ukuba uza kuhlawulwa iintsuku ezingamashumi anesithandathu zekhalenda kwaye awukho kwakhona ngexesha lonyaka wekhalenda wokuqala. Ukugqithisa iintsuku ezingama-60 zekhalenda, umzali (okanye esinye isihlobo) angathatha iphepha lokukhubazeka komsebenzi ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuba uya kukhishwa ngenxa yokungabikho emsebenzini, kodwa umnakekeli onomntwana ogulayo akayi kufumana.
- ukuba umntwana uneminyaka engaphezu kweyisixhenxe, kodwa engadlulanga iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu, umzali okanye omnye umntu onamnakekelayo unokuba kuluhlu lokugula ngenxa yeentsuku ezili-15 zekhalenda. Inani elipheleleyo leentsuku ze-bulletin alinakunqunyulwa kulo nyaka. Kwimeko nganye yokugula ihlawulwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezilishumi elinesihlanu kwikhalenda. Nangona kunjalo, kuyafaneleka ukuba wazi ukuba unyaka kuphela iintsuku ezingama-45 zesibhedlele, ezithathwa ukunyamekela umntwana, zihlawulwa.
- Ukuba umntwana uyadinga umntwana ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu, ilungu lentsapho liya kufumana i-bulletin kwiintsuku ezintathu zekhalenda. Kodwa ngezinye iimeko ikhomishini yonyango yeziko lezonyango ligqiba ukuba ilungu lentsapho alinelanga iintsuku ezi-3, ngoko i-bulletin yongezwa kwiintsuku ezili-7 zekhalenda. Inani elipheleleyo leentsuku kulo nyaka alinakulinganiswa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo ezi-7 (ezingekho ngaphezulu) iintsuku zekhalenda zoluvo ziya kuhlawulwa. Kodwa ngomnyaka weentsuku zokuvota ezihlawulwe kuphela ngamashumi amathathu.
Ngaphandle kweenani lezibhedlele
Ngaphandle kwemithetho yilezo ziimeko apho abazali bezingane okanye izalamane zabo kufuneka bachithe iintsuku ezininzi kunye nabantwana xa begula. Kwaye ngokomthetho, abazali okanye ezinye izalamane banelungelo lokunyamekela umntwana ngaphezu kwexesha eliqhelekileyo, kodwa baya kufumana inzuzo kule mihla. Ezi zikhethiweyo:
- Ukuba umntwana akaseneminyaka eyi-15 ubudala, kodwa ukhubazekile, ngoko umntu omkhathalelayo akahlawulwa iintsuku ezingama-60, kodwa iintsuku ezili-120 (unyaka wekhalenda);
- Kwakhona xa umntu enakekela umntwana oneminyaka engama-7 ubudala kwaye unesifo esibi kakhulu-isifo sikashukela, i-oncology, isifo se-asthma, isifo sofuba, uya kuhlawulwa iintsuku ezingama-90 zekhefu lokugula;
- ukuba umntwana akaneminyaka engama-15 ubudala kwaye unentsholongwane kaGawulayo, zonke iintsuku ezichithwe nomntwana xa unyango lwabangaphantsi kwexesha luhlawulwa ngokupheleleyo.
- ukuba umntwana osemtsha engazange afinyelele kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu anesifo esibi, kuquka umhlaza we-hematopoietic, i-tymsuid tissue okanye ukuba umntwana uyagula okanye uthathe isifo ngenxa yentsholongwane yakhe (isifo esihambelanayo nesicatshulwa esilandelayo), lonke ixesha lokuhlala komzali kunye umntwana ekunyamekeleni ukhathalela umntwana okanye esibhedlele.