"I-Bonsai" iguqulelwe esuka eJapan njengesiqhamo kwisitya esicubileyo. IJapan ithathwa njengendawo yokuzalwa ye-bonsai, nangona ubugcisa bokutshala imithi emininzi kwimikhumbi yokuqala kubonakala malunga neenkulungwane ezimbini ezidlulileyo kwiChina yamandulo. EJapan, lo bugcisa bufike kuphela kwinkulungwane yesithandathu yexesha lethu, apho laphuhliswa khona.
Nangona kunjalo, ubugcisa bhonsai bwanje bunjalo kubonakala ngenkulungwane yeshumi leminyaka. I-bonsai yaseJapan ihluke kwiShayina yendabuko ngolokuqala lolo lubabalo olukhulu.
Ezi mfuno zilandelayo ziyimfuneko kwi-bonsai yendabuko:
- I-trunk kufuneka ibe namandla, kwaye inkqubo yeengcambu kufuneka ibhalwe ngokucacileyo;
- Imigca ecacileyo necacileyo yamasebe iyadingeka;
- Umqolo wezityalo kufuneka ube ngamasebe kunye ne-trunk, kwaye kufuneka zibonakala ngokubonakalayo ngamahlamvu;
- kuyimfuneko ukuba kukho ukufana nomthi owenziweyo wolu hlobo olufanayo okanye oludibeneyo olukhula kwiimeko zendalo;
- Kufuneka ukuba inqanawa inomfanekiso olula kwaye umbala wayo awubetha;
- Umthi kunye nomkhumbi kufuneka ube nomdlalo ohambelanayo.
Indoda bonsai imithi
Ingcamango yendawo yebhonsai yazalwa eNtshona yeJamani. Ubunzima obukhulu bunxulumene nokunyuka kwe-bonsai yangaphakathi kwiindawo ezihamba kakuhle, ngoko ezi zityalo zihlala zifutshane. Esi sityalo sangaphakathi sifuna uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwangcoliseko emoyeni, ngenxa yoko, isityalo kufuneka sigcinwe kude kunokwenzeka kwiimpahla zokufudumala. Banoyika kwakhona iiprojekti.
Iimeko zokunyamekela ibhonsai yegumbi
Indlu yebhonsai yeNdlu ingcono kakhulu, ngoko idinga ukunakekelwa okhethekileyo. Ukuba i-bonsai ayilondolozwe kakuhle, ingahle ilahlekelwe ubuhle bayo ibe yityalo eqhelekileyo, kungeyona imithi enhle. I-Bonsai kumaxesha amaninzi ibhekisela kwizityalo eziphantsi komhlaba kunye nezolimo ezitshatyalaliswayo, esi sizathu sokungafanisani nemozulu yethu. Ukusuka apha ungabona ukuba iimeko zebhonsai kufuneka zenziwe yedwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba unokungabaza ngokunika ibhonsai imimiselo efunekayo yokukhula kwakhe okuphumelelayo nokuqhelekileyo, kuya kuba ngcono ukushiya lo msebenzi ngokukhawuleza.
Imodi yokukhanya ye bonsai
Mhlawumbi uya kuhlangabezana nengxaki enjengokungabikho kokukhanya kwe-bonsai, kuba njengasempilini usuku lokukhanya alude luqhathaniswa neendlela ezilinganayo. Ngoko ke, ukukhanya okongeziweyo kuyadingeka kwi-bonsai. Ngokukodwa ukungabikho kokukhanya kubonakala ngexesha lokubanda.
Ekubeni kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhonsai, ngoko imimiselo yokukhanyisa kufuneka ihluke.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha indawo ye-bonsai umxholo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ezinye iiparitha zokukhanyisa:
- Umbala weefestile kunye neendonga;
- ubukho beemingcingo zangaphandle kukhanya kwelanga;
- indawo yokuhlala izityalo zangaphakathi;
- i-angle of incidence of sun;
- ikhefu ukusuka kwiwindow;
- kwicala lehlabathi (empuma, entshona, ngasentla, ngasentla).
Kwakhona kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba amakhethini aphezulu aphezulu. Ngoko ke, emini, kufuneka basuswe bucala okanye baphakanyiswe, ukwenzela ukuba i-bonsai, ingemva kwabo, ifumane ukukhanya okwaneleyo.
Iimeko zokushisa
Iindidi ze-bonsai eziphantsi komhlaba (rosemary, igromegranate, umnquma, ummirle) ngexesha lebusika ziqulethe kwiqondo lokushisa ezintlanu ukuya kwii-degrees Celsius, kwaye ehlobo zihanjiswa kwi-balcony. Iintlobo zaseTropical zihlale zigcinwa kumaqondo atshisayo phakathi kweeshumi elinesibhozo kunye nama-degrees Celsius. Ehlobo, lolu hlobo lwesityalo lishiya ngaphakathi. I-bonsai ye-tropical ingafakwa kwifestile yelitye, kuphela ukuba kukho inkqubo yokufudumala phantsi kwayo. Xa ukhathalela isityalo, kufuneka ukhunjulwe ukuba phezulu kweqondo lokushisa, ngaphezulu kwamanzi, ukukhanya kunye nezondlo kuyadingeka. Kwaye kwinqanaba eliphantsi, ukuthambisa nokugqoka okuphezulu kwezityalo kufuneka kube luninzi.
Ukuthotywa komoya
Njengomthetho, umswakama kwimimandla yasemaphandleni ayanele ngokwamabhonsai. Kodwa le ngxaki ingasombulula njani?
Iyona ndlela ibiza kakhulu, kodwa ingeyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokuseka umswakama ophezulu womoya ingaqwalaselwa njengomgqugquzeli womoya womoya. Kodwa i-humidifiers inezinto ezithintekayo, umzekelo: ubukhulu obukhulu, imiphumo yomsindo, indleko ephezulu yomxholo.
Yaye indlela elula yokuyicombulula ingxaki iya kufaka isityalo se-bonsai kwisikhumba esiphezulu esigcwele amanzi. Ngaphantsi kufuneka ubeke amacwecwe amancinci okanye ufake i-lattice, kwaye kubo ukuba ufake ifoto yebhonsai. Gcina inani lamanzi kwinqanaba elinye. Ukuba le nqanawa ifakwe ngaphezu kwenkqubo yokufudumala, ukusetyenziswa komgangatho wokunyusa umoya kuya kwanda.
Ukwandisa umswakama, kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe isityalo ngamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo inokufutshane kwaye kufuneka iphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Nciphisa isityalo kangcono kusasa, ukuze some ngokuhlwa.
Ukunisela ibhonsai
Umhlaba kwi-reservoir kunye ne-bonsai kufuneka ibe yinyameko yonke ixesha. Qinisekisa ukuba umhlaba oomileyo ungaba ngumbala okanye ngokuthintela. Ukuba umphezulu womhlaba uyomile, ke umhlaba awunelanga ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka ukuba amanzi afinyelele ngaphantsi kwesitya. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uwatyelele umhlaba kabini okanye kathathu, kuyimfuneko ukuba yonke inqolowa yesihlabathi isiswe. Kwixesha elifudumeleyo le-bonsai lifuna amanzi amaninzi kunobusika, ngoko isityalo sikhula ngokunyanisekileyo ehlobo. I-bonsai ehlumahlengayo ehlobo yayinisela kakhulu, kangangokuthi umhlaba wawumile, kwaye iindawo ezitshatyalaliswayo zinyamezela kakhulu amanzi angabanda. Ukunisela, kulungile ukusebenzisa amanzi ancibilikileyo. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa amanzi epompo kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Amanzi anjalo anqanda ukungcola kwamanzi kunye nokuthunga kwaye abe yikhasi lokushisa.
Umhlaba
I-Bonsai isityalo apho umhlaba olungele ukulungiswa awufanelekanga, ogqithiswa ngokubanzi xa kuthengiswa. Ngenxa yokuba kuloo mhlaba, njengomthetho, amaninzi amanqabileyo afumanekile. Kodwa ingasetyenziselwa njengesongezo kumhlaba oyintloko.