EMzantsi naseMntla eMerika, kukho iintlobo ezingama-170 ze-genus Ehmeya, eyomndeni we-bromeliads. Igama le-ehmey livela kwigama lesiGrike elithi aechme, eliguqulelwe lithetha "intsipho yeyona nto," okubonakala ukuba ibonisa ukugqithisa okubukhali. I-Ekhmeya ikhula kwimimandla eneenguqu ezibukhali kummandla weqondo lokushisa kunye nexesha elimeleyo elithethileyo.
I-Ehmeya izityalo zomhlaba kunye ne-epiphytes, ezenza lula ukuba zihlume izityalo zityalo. Amagqabantshintshi alolu hlobo ahlahlela emaphethelweni - olu hlobo luhluke kwezinye iintlobo ze-bromeliads.
Amagqabi e-ehmey ahlukeneyo okanye ahlambulukanga, anqabile-isikhumba okanye azinzima, ajikeleze emaphethelweni, kwiziseko ezithethiweyo-i-funnels. Ukusuka kwi-rosette, i-spike edibeneyo ikhutshwe ngaphandle, ene-head inflorescence intloko ekupheleni kwayo. Isityalo sinomlinganiselo omfutshane. Isityalo sineentlobo ezibutyebi zeentlobo ze-inflorescences, kwakunye neentyatyambo zodwa. Zonke iindidi ze-ehmey zinento ehlobisayo - ekhanyayo, enemibala enemibala kunye namaqabunga. Isiqhamo se-ehmeya yintsimbi. I-blossom rosette kanye kuphela, ngoko emva kokuba imilambo iqala ukufa.
Abanye abameli beli gama zizityalo ezithandekayo eziye zithandwa kakhulu kwiinkcubeko. Udumo lwadlalwa yinto yokuba kulula ukunyamekela i-ehmeys, engenakutsholwa ngamabhamelidi amaninzi.
Iinkalo zonyango.
Ukukhanyisa. I-Ememeyam idinga ukukhanya okulula, idlulise imilayezo ngqo yelanga, kodwa kwi-penumbra, nayo inokukhula ngokukhuselekileyo. Indawo efanelekileyo yokukhula iifestile ezijongene nentshonalanga-ntshona kunye nezantsi-ntshona. Kwiifestile ezijongene nezantsi, ehlotyeni kuyadingeka ukuba wenze umthunzi olula ukusuka kwimisebe yelanga. Ehlobo, i-plant ye-ehmeya ilungile ukuba ingafaki ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, kodwa ukufezekisa kwi-balcony, ngelixa isityalo kufuneka sisebenzise ngokukhawuleza ukukhanya kwelanga. Kwakhona kufuneka ukuba umlutha wokuhamba ngokuthe gqithwa uya kufunwa ukuba isityalo sele sithengiwe, ixesha elide lise penumbra okanye kwakusele iintsuku ezimbalwa zezulu.
I-ehmya ekhanyayo yintlobo efuna ukuthungwa ilanga.
Kwiintlobo ezinamaqabunga ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo, ngokukodwa kwi-ehmeya egobileyo, enefuthe eliphezulu lomoya nomthunzi, umbala weqabunga uqala ukutshintsha. Ziba luhlaza kwaye zincwadana. Isityalo i-ehmeya inqwenela ukuba nobuninzi obuncinane kunye nomswakama omncinci.
Ulawulo lokushisa. Ehlotyeni, ukushisa okucetywayo komxholo kungama-20-27 degrees. Ubusika kuyacetyiswa ukugcina kwi-14-18 degrees. Ukushisa okubusika ebusika kukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-peduncles. Isityalo sinethuba lokuphumla - mhlawumbi lihlala elifutshane okanye alikho.
I-ehmya eqaqambileyo, ngokungafani nabanye abameli bohlobo olufanayo, kufuneka igcinwe kwigumbi elinamaqondo aphezulu okushisa. Ukwahlukana kwimini kunye nobushushu bomoya lokufudumala kwe-ehmeya. Igumbi apho i-eshma ikhula ifuna ukuphuza umoya. I-ehmya ephazamisayo ukunyuka kwesimo somoya iyaqhubeka.
Ukunisela. Ukunisela ngexesha lehlobo lifuneka rhoqo, amanzi atshisayo, ngokukhethekileyo athambileyo. Okokuqala, amanzi athululelwa kwii-rosettes zamagqabi, kwaye i-substrate ngokwayo ityelwa. Ukomiswa komntu ongatshatanga omnye komgca awuyi kubangele nayiphi na inzakaliso enobungcipheko kwisityalo, okonakalisa ukutywa kwexesha elide lomhlaba.
Ekwindla, le ndlu kufuneka isetywe rhoqo, kwaye ebusika, kwaye konke ukunciphisa ubuncinci, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka uhlambele isityalo ngamanzi afudumeleyo, kodwa i-funnel kufuneka ibe yinto enye. Ngaphambi kokuba ixesha lokuphumla ekuphumeni kufuneka lichithe amanzi. Kwakhona, amanzi adibanisa emva kweentyantyambo, akufuneki kubekho amanzi kwi-outlet, ngaphandle koko isityalo siya kuqala ukubola!
Ukuthotywa komoya. U-Ehmeys uzive entle kumswakama ophezulu, kodwa unokuqhuba umoya omile egumbini. Ukuze ugcine umswakama womoya, ungasifaka isityalo ngokuma amanzi, okanye unokubeka i-pot echmea kwi-tray apho kukho igubu elimanzi. Amanzi epenini angafikelela kwisiseko sombindi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Yondla isityalo nganye kwiiveki ezimbini kunye nezichumisi ezixakekayo ezimanzi. Ebusika, ukuchumisa kwenzeka rhoqo kwiiveki ezintandathu.
Imifuno. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iziqhamo zase-citrus kunye namaapulo avuthiweyo zikhupha igesi ye-ethylene, ekhuthaza i-bromeliads ukuba yenze iintyatyambo. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ubeke i-plastic ehmeyu kunye neepula ezimbalwa ezivuthiweyo, kwaye unamathele phezulu (kuphela kungekho kakhulu) ukuze ubambe isityalo kwiiveki ezi-1-2. Emva 'kwenkqubo' enjalo, i-ejmeya iya kuhluma emva kweenyanga ezi-4.
Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. Unokutshintsha i-ehmeyu minyaka yonke. Ngexesha lokutshintshwa, susa iziseko ezichaziweyo. I-substrate efanelekileyo yokutshintshwa komhlaba: i-fibro-peat kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo (uthathwe kwiindawo ezi-2), isanti (inxalenye enye ithathwe). Kwi-ehmeya i-humus earth (compost), exutywe kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo kunye ne-moss ecoliweyo (ithathwe ngesantya esifanayo), ngokudibaniswa kweerds ephukile kunye nesihlabathi kuyafaneleka.
Ukuzaliswa. Inyoka yityalo evelisa imbewu kunye nembewu. Indlela eyamkelekileyo yokuvelisa iveliso yenzalo.
Iimveliso zesohlwayo sikamama zihlukaniswe ngo-Matshi, kuba ngeli xesha le nzala ikwazi ukwenza iingcambu kalula kwaye ihluthe kakuhle. Iindawo zemihlathi, njengomthetho, zifafazwe ngombumba werhasi, oku kuya kuthintela ukubola kwesityalo. I-substrate efanelekileyo yokuzaliswa yenzalo: umhlaba okhuni kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo (2 isahlulo ngasinye), isanti (1 inxalenye). Ungasebenzisa kwakhona ukubunjwa kwexabiso elilodwa le-humus, i-sphagnum eqoshiwe, umhlaba oqabileyo. Kulo lwakhiwo, kufuneka udibanise i-shards ephukile kunye nesihlabathi.
Imbewu kufuneka ihlwayelwe kwindawo yomhlaba ogqityiweyo, okanye kwi-sphagnum. Izithombo zifuna ukushisa okuphezulu malunga nama-22-25 degrees, ekugcineni ukunyusa okuphezulu, ekukhuseleni kwimisebe yelanga, ngokunisela. Kwiinyanga ezintathu emva koko izityalo zinika izityalo ezifakelwa kumxube womhlaba oxutywe kwiindawo ezifanayo zomhlaba kunye nomhlaba weqabunga. Emva koko, kuyimfuneko ukugcina rhoqo ubushushu bee-20 degrees, kodwa kungezantsi, uphefle kunye namanzi. Emva konyaka owodwa, isityalo sidibene emhlabathini kubantu abadala.
Ukuqapha.
Amaqabunga ehmey emitshatsheli ayenobuthi obunobuthi, ngoko ke ukukhwabanisa kwesikhumba kunokwenzeka.
Iingxaki ezinokujamelana nazo.
Amaqabunga amaBraw Isizathu sinokushisa okubanda komxholo, ukubola kwesityalo.
Le ntlobo yesityalo se-aphids, ingcambu yeengcambu, ikhuselo lichaphazelekayo.