Kuze kube kutshanje, wonke umntu wayethembele ngokukhula koqoqosho lwamaRashiya, kunye nesimo esibalulekileyo sabantu abaphuculayo-ubomi kwi-credit-bathembisa "ngoku nje". Umzuzu wokubala uqale, njengesiqhelo, ngokungalindelekanga. Inkathazo yabanjwa sisilungele! Ndingakwazi ngoku ukuthenga imoto okanye indlu ngetyala? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuthatha umboleko kwizindlu ezingagqitywanga? Ngubani owanikwa ngesikweletu ngoku? Kwaye kuyafaneleka ukuboleka ngoku, okanye kungcono ukuba ungabandakanyeki kwiintsebenziswano zamatyala kunye neebhanki? Sifuna impendulo kule mibuzo kunye ...
KUPHELA
Elandelayo, emva kokungagqibekanga ko-1998, uvavanyo lwemali yenkqubo yasebhanki yaseRussia yenzeka iminyaka engama-10 kamva-ekwindla ka-2008. Nangona kunjalo, ukwesaba phakathi kwabantu, iBhanki Ephakathi kunye noorhulumente bakwazi ukuyeka, ngakwesinye icala, izitatimende ezithembekileyo ngamagosa aphakamileyo athi "ingxaki yeRashiya ayiyibi," kwaye enye iphakamisa inani le-deposit insured ukuya kuma-ruble ayi-700,000. NgoDisemba kwacaca ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo bayeka ukuthabatha imali yabo kwiibhanki, kwaye aba bahamba bengasakhathazeki ngokusebenza kwabo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2010 kwacaca: iingxaki ziqala kwaye azifuni ukulungiswa. Okokuqala, oku kuqhutywe ngetyala-mali "ezimbi". Ngokukhawuleza xa umbolekisi (ibhanki) engaqiniseki ukuba umboleki (umthengi) uya kubuya imali ebolekelweyo (ngenzala, ngokuqinisekileyo), umboleko uvakaliswa "awulungile". Ukuba i-bhanki ayifumana inzuzo yayo kwimali-mboleko, ayikwazi ukuhlawula inzala kulabo abaye baboleka imali (abagcini-mali). Konke oku kuye kwaphoqa amabhanki ukuba acinge ngokutsha umgaqo-nkqubo wawo ngokumalunga nokuboleka imali. Okokuqala, kukho ukunciphisa iinkqubo zemboleko. Ixesha elide lexesha elide - iimali-mboleko zemali-mboleko-eyayiqala ukubetha. Iiprogram zokubolekisa ngokuqhoqhoqho ngokukhatywayo kwinqabiseko yendawo engenakuhlala kunye nokungahlali.
Umthamo weemali-mboleko ezikhutshwe ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuthelekiswa nokuphela konyaka odlulileyo wehlile amaxesha amahlanu. Iirhafu ngokumyinge ziphindwe kabini (ukusuka kwi-10-15% ukuya kwi-20-30% kwi-ruble), inani lezicelo ezivunyiweyo liye lancipha ngokuqhubekayo kwirekhodi elidlulileyo le-80%, ngelixa ubukhulu bentlawulo ephantsi (malunga ne-30%) banda.
Ukuboleka imali yabathengi kuye kwatshintshwa utshintsho kwaye akuyona into ephambili kubboleki. Ngomgudu wokunciphisa iindleko, iibhanki zivala iiofisi "zemali-mboleko", zisicasula kwiivenkile ezinkulu zamagumbi asekhaya kunyaka odlulileyo. Ngokuchasene neziganeko ezidangalisayo zokunyuka kwezinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi kwiimali-mboleko zesikhashana zexeshana zemali zibuye zenyuka ukurekhoda amanqanaba (umlinganiselo we-40% weendleko ezipheleleyo zomboleko namhlanje akukho mntu uyamangalisa). Ngelo xesha, abanikazi beekhadi zetyala zekharityhulam babhekene nokunciphisa okunzulu kumda okhoyo.
UKUPHATHA KWE-IDEAL BORROWER
Ngokumalunga neengxaki, iziganeko ezichonga izinga lokuthembeka kwabaxumi abanokuthi zitshintshile. Njengomthetho, iibhanki ziqwalasela izinto ezininzi ngexesha elilodwa: ubudala, umsebenzi, izinga lokufumana imali, isimo somtshato, njl njl.
Kwinqanaba lababoleki abanobungozi, kwakukho abasebenzi kumashishini abaye bacingelwa ukuba banesisigxina: amacandelo ezezimali kunye nokwakha, i-metallurgy kunye nezoshishino zentengiso. Ngexesha elifanayo, imeko yabasebenzi baseburhulumenteni ishintshile ngokuphawulekayo - sele iba malunga nabathengi banqwenela kakhulu kwiibhanki. Bamthatha lula imali.
Phakathi kwabaxhasi bemali yabasebenzi bafuna ukubona abantu abaneendawo ezizinzile. Abantu abaselula (ngaphantsi kwe-21) abangenalo uqeqesho lwezemali okanye nokuba nemfundo ephakamileyo bafumana umboleko ngaphandle kwama-guarantors akunakwenzeka.
UKUPHILA NGOKUPHUMA
Ngoku imeko yemarike yemarike ingenangqondo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuchasene nenyaniso eqhelekileyo yokuba kuphela imali ephantsi ebolekayo ekuhambiseni uqoqosho, akunakwenzeka ukuchasa nantoni na ebalulekileyo. Ukuqaphela oku, urhulumente uququzelele iinkqubo eziliqela ezenzelwe ukuxhasa iimarike zemali yokubolekwa kwemali kunye neenqwelo. Kwimeko yokuqala, nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi ophambili kukugcina abantu ababolekileyo abakhona. Kubo, umgangatho wasungulwa ukuhlaziywa kwemali mboleko kunye noncedo lweArhente yeZindlu zokuThengwa kwemali mboleko. Inkxaso-mali kaRhulumente yomyinge wemali mboleko ineenjongo ezimbini ngokukhawuleza: ukuxhasa iibhanki kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwe-auto auto industry. Ingundoqo yenkqubo kukuba ukuthengwa kwexabiso elincinci (ukuya kwii-ruble ezingama-350 zamawaka.) Imoto ingenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwemboleko ngexabiso elincinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukwandiswa kweemarike zabahlalutyi beenkonzo zeekhredithi ngokubanjwe kuthiwa akunakwenzeka. Amabhanki kuya kufuneka alahleke inzuzo engaphezu kwemali eyinike iingxowa-mboleko, kunye nabathengi-ukususela kwimininzi yezinto ezingenakucwangciswa kunye nokubuyela kwimodeli yokuqokelelwa ngokukhawuleza kwinqununu. Uze uphendule ngokwakho umbuzo othi "Ngaba ufanele ukuboleka ngoku?" Ngaba akukho nto.
5 IMIBONO YOKUBHUBA I-IDEA UKUTHATHA I-CREDIT:
1. Awunawo uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lomntu wexesha le mboleko.
2. Ufuna ukuthenga into onayo kakade.
3. Kufuneka uhlawule iintlawulo zokuhlawulwa kwexesha elide kwiimali zesevisi.
4. Usuvele unomthwalo wetyala.
5. Ukuthengwa akukhawulezi. Ukuba unako ukuhambisa injongo yakho ezintandathu kwiinyanga ezizayo, mhlawumbi akudingeki ukuba usebenzise indawo yebhanki. Ukunciphisa umrhumo oqikelelwayo kwidiphozi yokubuyisela, kwaye uya kuba nethuba lokubetha amanani emali.