Rapis yaziswa eYurophu ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini edlulileyo. Igama lezesayensi kwi-botany livela kwigama lesiGrike elisho ekuguquleleni - intonga, intonga. Ngenxa yoko igama ebomini bemihla ngemihla - "isundu" sesundu. Iziqu zisetyenziselwa kwishishini: zenza imingxube kunye neesebrala, eyesizathu sokubonakala eNgilani igama le sityalo njenge "Palma for Lady". Xa ugcinwa kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, u-Rapis uya kukukholisa ngemibala emhlophe okanye kwendlovu.
I-Rapys yinto ehlobisa kwaye ihlala isetyenziswe kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kuyinqweneleka ukuba indawo yayivulekile kwaye ipholile, nangona iyakwazi ukukhula kwiimeko zezindlu. Ukuzaliswa kwendlela egcweleyo ngokwaneleyo, ngokubunjwa kwenani elikhulu leengcambu ezintsha, ukwenzela ukuba ezi ngcambu zenze iqela leemithi ezininzi, ezenza ukuba isityalo sithande ngakumbi.
Iintlobo.
I-rapis iphakamileyo (intsingiselo: i-rapis fan-aerobic), i-Hamerops ephakamileyo, i-Trachcarapus ephakamileyo. Ikhula emahlathini asezantsi aseChina naseJapan. I-Bushy, ukuya kwiimitha ezintathu ukuphakama. Imithi encinci kwaye ibe nobubanzi obuyi-3-4 centimitha kwaye ihlanganiswe kunye neentsi ze-petioles zamagqabi. Amagqabi anesimo somtsalane, enqabileyo enqamle kwi-4/6 yobude bawo. Ubude bama-25-30 amentimitha, kwaye ububanzi bube bubini ukuya kweethathu (buya kuba ngamahlanu). Ngaphakathi, esi sityalo asisoloko siphuma.
Rapis iphantsi. Ivela emahlathini asetshanalanga asezantsi eChina. Zizityalo ezinobuncinane ezikhulayo ezi-1 ukuya kwi-1.5m ubude. Imithi inomfanekiso ofana nomqha, u-1-2 cm ububanzi, kunye nomhlaba onobumba. Amaqabunga afana ne-fan kunye ne-dissection esekelwe kwisiseko se-lobes ezi-7-8, zincinci ubude - 20-25 cm, kunzima ukuya kumgca, kodwa zikhangeleka ngokubonakala kwaye zibonise kwi-pepe. Ingaba i-petiole encinci kunye emfutshane-malunga ne-25-30 cm, eneefayili. I-inflorescence i-axillary kunye ne-branched, kodwa ayifumanekanga iiblulo.
Ukunyamekelwa kwesityalo.
Intendeni yegumbi le-raspis ithatha ngokukhawuleza ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okokuthi, ithwala ilanga ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa inokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba emva kwenkqubela yezulu ebhakabhaka okanye ixesha elitsha lithengi isityalo kwilanga elisoloko liqhelekile, liveze ngokukhanya kancane. Isikhundla esihle kakhulu sokuba umbhali yindowla entshonalanga okanye ecaleni lasempumalanga, kodwa inokukhula ukusuka ngasentla. Ehlotyeni, ukuba isityalo sisezantsi, thintela ilanga elithe ngqo, mhlawumbi ukutshiswa akuyi kugwenywa. Ukuze kufane ukukhula, ngezikhathi ezithile isityalo kufuneka sijike ekukhanyeni ngamacala athile.
Iqondo lokushisa elihle kakhulu lihlobo malunga ne-20-22 ° C. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba uphumelele igumbi kwiintsuku ezitshisa kakhulu zasehlobo. Ebusika, i-palm raspis ayizithobeki kwaye iyakwazi ukunyamezela ukushisa kwe-8 ° C okanye i-10-12 ° C. Nangona ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba udidi olufanelekileyo lokushisa lwesityalo luseli busika - ukusuka kwi-10 ° C ukuya ku-16 ° C.
Ehlobo, kufuneka kusetshenziswe rhoqo kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo, xa ugcino oluphezulu lwe-substrate ludla. Ekwindla nasebusika, amanzi ngokulinganisela, nakwamagumbi apholileyo - ngokucophelela, ungadli umhlaba. Amanzi kufuneka athathwe kwaye agcinwe kakuhle. Ngaloo ndlela, umntu akavumelekanga ukuba avumele amanzi amaninzi, kodwa ukumisa kuyingozi.
Ngokungafani neentendelezo ezininzi, iRapis ixhomekeke kakuhle ngomoya omile weedolophu. Nangona kunjalo, ufafaze amaqabunga ngamanzi afudumele, azinzileyo. Ebusika, oku akufanele kwenziwe.
Bondla iRapis entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kanye emva kweeveki ezi-2-4. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuyinkimbinkimbi yezichumisi ezincinci. Ebusika, isityalo asifuni ukuchumisa okongezelelweyo.
Ukutshintshwa kwezinto kungabonakali kwaye kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo kufakwe endaweni engcono, umzekelo, ngokuguqulwa. Isityalo esingumntu omdala asikwazi ukutshintshwa okanye ukutsalwa, sanele ukususa uhla oluphezulu lwesidlo esisondlo kanye ngonyaka, ubeke endaweni entsha. I-substrate kufuneka ibe neempendulo ezinobungozi okanye ezingathathi hlangothi. Umxube wesi sityalo senziwe kwiintlobo zemihlaba elandelayo: i-turf, umquba kunye ne-peat kunye nokongeza kwesanti kwi-2: 2: 2: 1. Umxube ungathengwa kwivenkile esele ikulungele kwaye yenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo imithi yesundu. Ibhokhwe kufuneka ibe nobubanzi obaneleyo kwaye ingabi nzulu ngexesha elifanayo, kuba iingcambu zedampu azinzulu, kodwa zisondele. Musa ukulibala malunga nomlambo ongezantsi phantsi kwebhodeni, oku kufuneka, ekubeni isityalo siphendula kakhulu kwi-silt yomhlaba.
Rapis ngumthi wesundu ophumelela ngokuphindaphinda ngokuhlula i-rhizomes, eyahlula kwiintlobo ezininzi zemithi yesundu. Oku kuya kwenziwa ngexesha lokutshintshwa. Ukuhluma kuvela kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwethathu.
Ubunzima obunokwenzeka.
Ukuba isityalo sisegumbini apho kukho umoya omile, ke iingcebiso zamaqabunga zimile. Ukuba isityalo siyifumana ngokukhanya okungaphezulu, kwindlela yokukhanya kwelanga, ngoko amaqabunga avela amabala aphuzi. Ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, isityalo sithola umswakama obuninzi, kunye nomonakalo weengcambu, amaqabunga amancinci avame ukuvula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba isityalo asinakwanela amanzi, ngoko amaqabunga awela phantsi, kwaye ukuba kukho ukushisa okwaneleyo, ziba mnyama kwaye ziphele.
Eli gumbi lesundu lonakaliswe ngelapha ukuba igumbi lome kakhulu kwaye lifudumale, kunye ne-scabbard.