Ngenxa yoko, umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo usengozini kwiintsholongwane nakwii-microbes.
INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO yisifo esichukumisayo. Emva koko, ngokuqhelekileyo esi sifo asibonakali naziphi na iimpawu kwaye indlela ethembekileyo kuphela yokuyijonga kukuba kuphumelele uvavanyo lwe-HIV.
Kodwa kwezinye iimeko kukho iziganeko zokuqala kwisifo se-AIDS: emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva kokusuleleka, umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo unokufumana umkhuhlane ukuya ku-37.5 ukuya ku-38, into engathandekiyo emqaleni kwentlungu xa uginya, i-lymph node zanda, iindawo ezibomvu zivela umzimba, ngokuqhelekileyo unengxaki yesigu, ubusuku bobusuku kunye nokhathala okwandayo.
Emva kokubonakaliswa kokuqala kwesi sifo, umntu uziva ephilile ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kubonakala ngathi intsholongwane iphelile ngokupheleleyo kwigazi. Le yinqanaba lokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, kodwa i-HIV ingabonwa kwi-adenoids, ipeni, iitoni kunye ne-lymph nodes. Akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuba bangaphi abantu abaya kwinqanaba elilandelayo lesifo. Imiboniso ibonisa ukuba abantu abayisithoba abayishumi baya kuziva ukuba uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lweengxaki zempilo.
Ucwaningo loogqirha baseSan Francisco lubonise ukuba ukuba kungenakusebenzisa unyango olutsha, i-AIDS iya kuphuhliswa kwiminyaka eyi-10 kwi-50% yesifo se-HIV, kwi-70% - kwiminyaka eyi-14. Ama-94% abo sele benesifo sikaGawulayo banokufa ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5. Izifo zingaqala ukuqhubela phambili ukuba kukho ukunyanzakala kokungakhuselekanga komzimba. Oku kusebenza kwindawo yokuqala kubantu abakwiqela elijongene nobungozi, umzekelo, izilwanyana ezidakamizwa ezisetyenziselwa izidakamizwa okanye izilwanyana. Ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kuncipha kakhulu kulabo bantu abafumana unyango.
Uninzi ugqirha kunye nososayensi bakholelwa ukuba ukuba ixesha elide (iminyaka engamashumi amabini okanye ngaphezulu) abaxhasi izigulane ezineNTSholongwane kaGawulayo, ngoko phantse bonke baya kufa ngenxa ye-AIDS, ngaphandle kokuba, ngokuqinisekileyo, ngeli xesha abazukufa ngenxa yomhlaza okanye ukuhlasela kwentliziyo .
Emva koko kuza isigaba esilandelayo, esibangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwesistim somzimba. Oku akusebenzi kwimpawu zokuqala kwisifo se-AIDS. Isigaba sesibini sandulela ukuguqulwa kweengcinezelo ezinqamlekileyo, ngexesha leyo intsholongwane iya kuba yintlonelo ekutshatyalaliswa kweeseli. Ukwanda kwee-lymph nodes phantsi kweengalo kunye nentanyeni yanda kwaye ingahlala kweli lizwe malunga neenyanga ezi-3. Le meko ibhekiswa ukwanda kwexesha eliqhelekileyo kwi-lymph nodes.
Esi sifo asikwazi ukuzibonakalisa nangayiphi na into engaphaya kweminyaka eyi-10-12, kwaye le yithuba elidlulayo ekungabikho kwonyango ukususela ngexesha losulelo lwe-HIV kwi-AIDS. Ngamanye amaxesha isifo sinokuthi sivezwe ngokunyuka kwama-lymph nodes angaphezu kwe-clavicle, ngaphambili okanye emacaleni entamo, kwi-groin nangaphansi kweengalo.
Njengentsholongwane kaGawulayo ikhula, iyanciphisa isistim somzimba somzimba, umntu osulelekileyo unempawu eziphambili ze-AIDS - izifo ezinokuphiliswa lula kunye nokugqithiswa ngumntu onempilo, kunokukhokelela kwimeko enobungozi. Ukuphuhlisa izifo zamalungu angaphakathi, ngokukhawuleza kukhokelela ekufeni. Isifo sesifo sofuba, i-herpes, i-pneumonia nezinye izifo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-HIV. Zikhokelela kakhulu kwimiphumo emibi, kwaye eli nqanaba lokusuleleka ngu-HIV libizwa ngokuba yi-AIDS (i-immunodeficiency syndrome). Kule nqanaba, ukusuleleka kwe-HIV kusungulwa kwakhona kwisifo esibi, isigulane sele sele singakwazi ukuma senze izigqibo ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo. Ukunyamekela ezo zigulane zihlala zilamane ekhaya.
Ukuba ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngexesha, unyango olufanelekileyo lwe-HIV lunokulibazisa ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo ixesha elide kwinqanaba likaGawulayo kwaye ulondoloze ubomi obuzeleyo kwisigulane. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba usulelo lwe-HIV luhlala luhamba kunye nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo ezidluliselwa ngesondo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ingozi kwisigulane sonyango iya kunyuka, ngenxa yobungqina bokungeniswa kwezifo emzimbeni. Ukuvela kwamathambo enje njengengxaki enkulu yonyango.
Ngexesha lokuqhubeka kwesifo, isigulane siqala ukuphuhlisa kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene noGawulayo. I-wart elula okanye i-abscess ingaqala ukusasaza yonke umzimba. Ingubo emhlophe ingenza emlonyeni, - i-stomatitis iyavela, okanye ezinye iingxaki zivela. Amagqirha wamazinyo kunye namazinyo amaninzi ahlala eyokuqala ukucacisa ukuxilongwa. Kwakhona, i-herpes okanye i-shingles kwifom enzima ingahlakulela (i-blisters, ibuhlungu kakhulu, yakha ibhanti kwikhumba elibomvu). Usulelekile uvakalelwa ukukhathala okungapheliyo, ulahlekelwe kwipesenti ezili-10 zesisindo, isifo sohudo sinokudlula ngaphezu kwenyanga, kukho ubusuku obuninzi obukhuphayo. Uvavanyo lwe-HIV oluqhelekileyo luya kuba lululo kule meko. Ngamanye amaxesha eli nqanaba libizwa ngokuba ngu "ngxube-nxu lumene ne-AIDS"
Emva kokuba sele uqhelene uluhlu lweempawu ezifana nale ndlela, nayiphi na umntu unokukwazi ukwesaba ngokukhawuleza, njengoko sonke siqala ukucinga ukuba sinalo okanye esi sifo xa sifunda ngayo. I-diarrhea engapheliyo ayifuni ukuxilongwa njenge-AIDS. Kananjalo ayiniki isizathu esinjalo somkhuhlane, ukulahleka kwesisindo, i-lymph nodes eyandisiweyo kunye nokukhathala. Zonke ezi zimpawu zibangelwa zizifo eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko ukuba ungathandabuzeki ngale nto, ngoko kufuneka uvakashele iklinikhi okanye ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa.