Izindlela ezintsha zokunyanga kwe-endometriosis - isihloko sesihloko. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukuya esikhathini (i-dysmenorrhea) - intlungu idla ngokuqala enye ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kwaye iyancipha kancane kancane, nangona ngezinye izihlandlo ayidlanga ngokupheleleyo;
- intlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo (i-dyspareunia) lingaphelela kwiiyure ezingama-24;
- uvakalelo lwengcinezelo kwi-rectum - ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho uxolo oluphuthumayo okanye intlungu ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa;
- intlungu kwindawo eselungileyo ingadibaniswa ne-ingress yegazi emthini; intlungu xa uchama;
- ukungabikho kwengqondo - ukuya ku-40% yabasetyhini abanomdla we-endometriosis ubunzima bokukhulelwa umntwana.
Nangona abanye abesifazana bengabonakali ekupheleni kwe-endometriosis, baninzi babo babandezeleka buhlungu, obangela ukungonakaliswa ngokubanzi kwimpilo nokuxinezeleka. Isizathu esiyiyo sokuphela kwe-endometriosis asiyazi, kodwa kukho iingcamango ezininzi:
- ukuhlaziywa kwelanga - ngexesha leempahla zexesha lokuphela kwe-endometrium ngokusebenzisa iibhulo ezikhohlakeleyo zivela kwi-uterus ibe yintlambo ye-pelvic; ukuba i-predisposed, ezi ngxube zinokuqhotyoshelana kwizitho zeplavic;
- imfuza - umfazi osondelene naye ogulayo nge-endometriosis, amaxesha angama-6-9 amathuba okuphuhlisa eso sifo;
- ukusasaza ngegazi okanye i-lymphatic system - le ngqungquthela ichaza iimeko zokufumanisa i-foci ye-endometriosis kwizitho ezinjengeemiphunga kunye nangengqondo;
- Uphuhliso olungavumelekanga lwezitho zokuzala - izicubu ze-endometrial zingakhula ngaphandle kwebhubhiso lemibele yombhobho ngexesha lophazamiseko lwangaphakathi ekubunjweni kwezitho zobulili.
Izinto zobungozi
Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ubuhlobo bentsebenziswano yokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kunemiba enobungozi:
- rhoqo, ukuhamba kwimihla;
- ukuqala kwimihla ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-13;
- minyaka engama-25 ubudala;
- ukungabikho kokukhulelwa;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwama-300 mg wekhofi ngosuku;
- ukungabikho komsebenzi;
- ukungena kwelanga;
- ukwamkelwa kwezibeleko zomlomo.
Ukuya esikhathini kunye ne-endometriosis
Emva kokuya esikhathini, inqanaba le-estrogen liphakama, kwaye umgca wangaphakathi wesibeletho (u-endometrium) uqala ukunqanda, ukulungiselela ukwamkelwa kweqanda elichumayo. Ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwegazi (ukukhululwa kweqanda kwi-ovary), izinga le progesterone landa, olukhuthaza ukwandiswa kunye negazi lokuzaliswa kweengqungquthela ze-endometri. Ukuba ukufakelwa kwezichumiso akunakwenzeka, izinga lama hormone linciphisa. I-endometrium iyanqatshwa kwaye, kunye ne-ovum engabonakaliyo, iphuma kwi-uterine cavity ngohlobo lokukhulelwa kwamanzi (ukuhamba kwindoda). I-endometriosis iphinda ifake igazi, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, lingenayo indawo. Endaweni yoko, ukubunjwa kwe-cysts enegazi, kubakho ukuchukumisa izicubu ezijikelezayo. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba bahlukane okanye baphuze ngokuphulukiswa okulandelayo kunye nokwakhiwa kokunamathela.
Umjikelezo wesisu
Ukusabalalisa kwe-endometriosis akuyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo, kuba abaninzi abafazi abagulayo abanaso naziphi iimpawu. Kodwa kukholwa ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane be-10% kubo bonke abasetyhini abaneminyaka yobudala bokuzala abavela kwi-endometriosis.
Diagnostics
I-Endometriosis kufuneka ikhunjulwe kuwo onke amabhinqa anesifo esibuhlungu, ekunciphiseni umgangatho wobomi. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuhloleni i-pelvic cavity ngokusebenzisa i-laparoscope (leyo ifakwe kwisisu esiswini ngokusebenzisa isicatshulwa esincinci) okanye ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwesisu. Iintlobo ezininzi zingenza uvavanyo lwe-laparoscopic lungenakwenzeka, kwiimeko ezinjalo ndiyifumana ukukhangela kweMM, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, ayithembeki kangako. Ama-cysts ayenziwe ekupheleni kwe-pelvic ugqirha unako ukuvavanya ukuhlolwa kwamanzi. Kukho iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuphatha i-endometriosis: unyango lweziyobisi kunye nokuhlinzwa. Kukho nawuphi na, unyango kufuneka lube ngumntu ngamnye. Amachiza okonyangwa kwe-endometriosis aquka: ukudibanisa umlomo womlomo kunye ne-estrogen kunye neprogestogen (progesterone yokwenziwa). Ubude bonyango luyiinyanga ezi-6-9 zokuhlala eziqhubekayo. Njengendlela yokukhetha, ukulawulwa kwendlela yokusetyenziswa kweprogestogen, i-dydrogesterone okanye i-medroxy progesterone inokwenzeka; i-danazol - i-hormone ye-steroid enefuthe le-antiestrogenic ne-antiprogesterone; Izifaniso ze-gonadotropin-release hormone (GnRH) zichaphazela i-pituitary gland kwaye zikhusela ukuqala kwe-ovulation; oku kungakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kweempawu ze-menopausal ezifana nokutshisa okutshisa kunye ne-osteoporosis. Ukunciphisa le miphumo yecala, i-hormone substitution isenzeka; Izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo (i-NSAID) zisetyenziselwa ukukhulula intlungu; imizekelo yalezo ziyobisi zi-mefenamic acid kunye neurooxene. I-hormonal therapy, ekhusela i-ovulation, ngokuqhelekileyo iyanciphisa intlungu, kodwa ayisiphilisi eso sifo. Ukungabikho kwonyango, isifo siyaqhubeka siqhube ngakumbi kude kube sekupheleni kwesisu okanye ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, xa iimpawu zihlala ziphela. Isigulane sifanele sixoxe ngeenkcukacha ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nogqirha zonke iimpawu size senze irejimen yonyango.
Ukukhulelwa
Uninzi lwabasetyhini luyakwazi ukuthatha eso sifo phantsi kolawulo ngoncedo lenye yeendlela zokonyango. Phantse i-60% yezigulane ezineenkqubo eziphambili ze-endometriosis emva kokuba unyango olukhuselweyo lukwazi ukukhulelwa umntwana. Ubunokwenzeka bokukhulelwa kwixesha elibi lesi sifo linciphisa ukuya ku-35%. Ukupheliswa kwe-endometriosis kunokunciphisa intlungu kunye nokunyanga kwe-endometriosis, kwaye ukwahlukana kweentlobo ze-fissures kwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa. Ngenxa yoko, unyango lwe-laser kunye ne-cauterization kunye ne-electrocoagulant ingasetyenziswa. Abasetyhini abacwangcisa ukukhulelwa banconywa ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa nge-laparoscopic. Ukususwa kwesibindi, iibhubhu ze-fallopian kunye nama-ovari anganikwa kuphela kubafazi abangaphezu kwe-40 abaye bazalisekisa umsebenzi wabo wokuzala.