Uninzi lwama-autumn-ebusika kubanda kubangela iintsholongwane - umkhuhlane, i-parainfluenza. Kukho ukwehla kwamalungu omzimba ngenxa yosuku olufutshane lokukhanya, inani elaneleyo lamavithamini kunye nokuhamba okufutshane. Ncedisa ekuphuhliseni iibanda kunye ne-hypothermia, ukuba umntwana usenezinyawo ezimanzi okanye iqhwa esitalatweni, kwaye unomlilo phezu komntwana, ukuba wayenxibe kakhulu efudumele kwaye wayethupha.
Ezibandayo ezahlukeneyo
Sonke siyazi iimpawu eziphambili zokubanda okanye i-ARI - iipumlo ezixhambileyo, ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula, umkhuhlane kunye ne-malaise jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, i-ARI nayo inezixhobo zayo ezibonakalayo kubantwana abaneminyaka ehlukeneyo yobudala. Kukholelwa ukuba iintsana eziphilileyo ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 zokuqala zobomi, ingakumbi abo banamabele, zigula ngenxa yezifo zokuphefumula. Kukho konke malunga namanqatha omama abelethwe ngunyana ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukuhlaselwa. Ukuba iintsana zonyaka wokuqala wobomi zigula ngenxa yobuthathaka bokuzikhusela, isifo sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye sibangela ukuphendulwa komzimba ngokubanzi: ukuxhalaba, ukudabuka, ukulala nokukhathazeka kwesondlo. Ingane inokunyusa kakhulu iqondo lokushisa-ukuya kuma-degrees ama-38 kwaye ngaphezulu, impumulo yempumlo iyavuvukala, ibeka iindlebe kwaye kunokuba nomvakalelo ongathandekiyo emqaleni. Ukongeza, i-ARD kwiintsana ukuya kutsho unyaka ophezulu ngumkhuhlane ophezulu unobungozi ngokuphuhliswa kwamanzi okanye ukutshatyalaliswa. Ukongezelela, zonke iintsholongwane zokuphefumula zabantwana abancinci ziyingozi: i-otitis, sinusitis, i-pneumonia ne-bronchitis. Yonke i-ARD kubantwana ukuya kunyaka omnye idinga ukuba ugqirha ekhaya kwaye unyango olusebenzayo. Abantwana ukususela kwiminyaka engama-3-4 baya kugula kaninzi, oku kubangelwa ukuba okwangoku isangqa sentlalo sentlalo sanda, kwaye uqala ukuqhelana ne-microflora ngaphandle kwayo. Kwaye oku akubi: iziganeko ezifikelela kumaxesha angama-6-8 ngonyaka kunye ne-ARI, ezenzeka kwiintsuku ezingama-5-7, zithi intsholongwane elungileyo nelomeleleyo - kuthetha ukuba umzimba uhlakulela ukhuseleko. Zonke iimpawu ezingentla zifana nabantwana beli qela leminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zendawo ziza kuqala ngaphambili: umqala, umqubuzelo, impumlo ye-runny, kunye nokushisa okuqhelekileyo kudla ngo-38-39 degrees, ukwenqaba ukutya kunye nobuthathaka. Iingxaki aziqhelekanga, ngokuqhelekileyo yi-otitis okanye i-bronchitis. Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-4 ukuya ku-7-8 ubudala bahlala bexhamla i-AR ngesimo esibumkileyo-ngokuqhelekileyo ukushisa okuphantsi, impumlo ehambayo, ingaphantsi kancinci ukukhwehlela kunye nomqala. Nangona kunjalo, zinexesha elide elide lokukhutshwa kwezi zifo kunye nokuqhotyosheliswa kweengxaki zebhaktheriya ngendlela ye-tonsillitis (tonsillitis), ukubunjwa kwama-infections angapheliyo-ntsholongwane (i-tonsillitis) kunye ne-adenoiditis (ukuvuvukala kwe-palatine tonsil).
Indlela yokunyanga
Ukunyanga okuzimeleyo kwe-ARVI kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu ayimkelekanga. Kufuneka ukuba ube noviwo olugunyazayo logqirha kwaye alandele iingcebiso zakhe. Kodwa ngokuzimeleyo, unokunciphisa imeko yomntwana: pha kamisa intloko yomntwana webhedi ukuze uququzelele ukuhamba kwe-mucus nokuphefumla. Umoya endlwini kufuneka unyuse kwaye uhambelane nokushisa kwama-20-22 degrees. Kubalulekile ukuququzelela ubhedi kunye nehafu yesibhedlele umbuso ngexesha lezempilo embi. Ukuba umntwana wenqaba ukutya, ungagxininisi, nondle ukutya okubisi lwebisi ekukhanyeni, okuveliswe ngamavithamini. Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha eze uvumelekile ukusebenzisa imichiza yemithi kunye ne-antipyretic iziyobisi, ekufuneka zisetyenziswe kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphezulu kwama-38- 38.5 degrees, ukushisa okuphantsi okuncinciweyo akunakunyanzeliswa-oku kuyimpendulo yokukhusela yomzimba kunye nokuphuhliswa kwe-immunity. Ungasebenzisa iindlela zokwenzela ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa - ukusula ngesiponji esithambileyo esinywe ngamanzi kwindawo yeqondo lokushisa, ngamanye amaxesha ungasebenzisa i-enema ene-20-30 ml yamanzi apholileyo. Ukuba amanyathelo okupholisa angasebenzi, amakhandlela okanye i-syrups esekelwe kwi-paracetamol okanye ibuprofen ingasetyenziswa. U-Analgin (kumacwecwe) kunye ne-aspirin kubantwana abasebenzisi. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa likhuphuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umonakalo we-antipyretic awunikelwa, ukuba umntwana unqandekile, kukho ubunzima okanye ukuphefumla komsindo, kufuneka ubize i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza. Emva koviwo, ugqirha uya kucebisa, mhlawumbi, ukusebenzisa amaqela amaninzi eziyobisi. Unyango oluphambili lusetyenziso lwezilwanyana zamachiza kunye neyeza-antibiotics, ukuba uhlobo lwesibindi sokusulela luqinisekile, okanye umngcipheko wosulelo luphezulu kakhulu. Kwabantwana, iifom ezifanelekileyo kunye neelayi kubantwana zivame ukuveliswa - kwikhandlela, ukumiswa, i-syrups kunye neqabile kakhulu kwiipilisi ezinqabileyo okanye eziqhelekileyo. Ukongezelela, ukuba umntwana akahluphekanga, unokumnika iziyobisi kwisityalo kunye nokusebenzisa imithi yamachiza. Ngomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane, usana luyakhupha kakhulu kwaye umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwamanzi ukhula. Ngoko ke, ukusela amaninzi kuyimfuneko, ngokukodwa ngendlela yokutyalwa kwemifuno. Amalungiselelo omhlaza angasetyenziselwa ngendlela yokufuthwa ngokubanda kunye nokukhwehlela, njengama-syrups ekhwehlela, kunye neebhalms kunokusetyenziswa ukutshiza isifuba okanye umva. Ezinye iintsana ezikhulile zinganikezwa ngemifuno yokunkcenkcesha komqala, i-lozenges for throat and throgh, iipilisi ze-resorption kunye ne-elixirs zokungenisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukongeza kwonyango ukugcina ukhuseleko kunye nokulwa nesifo, oogqirha bancomela ukusebenzisa i-multivitamines, banceda ukukhawuleza ukuphucula kwaye ngokukhawuleza banqobe eso sifo. Kwaye emva kokuphulukana, ikhosi ingaqhubeka nokuxhasa ubunzima bomntwana kwixesha elibandayo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi yezifo eziphindaphindiweyo.
Uphulo olungcono kakhulu lukhuseleko
Iintsana ezinomzimba okhuselekileyo, zihlala zigula, kwaye izifo zabo zibuhlungu. Sinokumomeleza njani umkhuhlane weemvumba ukuze akwazi ukuxhathisa ukutshabalalisa kwemvula yokubanda kwekwindla? Isiluleko semvelo esomeleza ukukhuseleka kwintsana ngumama kamama. Ngoko ke, i-WHO kunye neengcali zonke zezingane zibiza ixesha elide kakhulu lokulondoloza ibele: ixesha elifanelekileyo liyiminyaka engama-mibini. Ubisi luqulethe ezininzi izondlo kunye namavithamini. Iqulethe iindiza ezizahlukileyo kwiindidi ezincinci kunye nezinto ezikhuselekileyo ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba womzimba womntwana. Kuyo nawuphi na umdala, ukutya okunempilo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthintekeni kwezifo. Ingane kufuneka ifumane amandla okwaneleyo ngosuku kunye nokutya, kwaye ihanjiswa ngamafutha kunye ne-carbohydrates, isidlo sakusasa samalanga onke se-porridge kunye neoli kuza kuncedisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla. Ukongezelela, umntwana kufuneka ukuba afumane iiprotheyini ezininzi, oku kungumthombo we-amino acids, isakhiwo sokwakha iziza-antibodies-ukhuselo oluphambili malunga nosulelo. Ngoko ke, imihla ngemihla umntwana kufuneka adle inyama okanye intlanzi. Ukongezelela, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-immune system kufuna ukudliwa kweeminerali - i-calcium, i-potassium, ithusi, i-magnesium kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ngelishwa, ngokufuthi isondlo sabantwana abaselula asinakuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuneko zokubonelela nge-vitamin kunye neyamaminerali. Abantwana banamhlanje, ngakumbi kwiidolophu ezinkulu, ukususela kwiminyaka emininzi ngenxa yeemeko ezingekho phantsi kwemvelo kunye nesondlo esingenakulungelelaniso banokungabikho kwamathamini amaninzi kunye nezinto ezilandelelanayo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha bancomeka ngexesha lokubanda kunye nexesha elibandayo lokubanda lokuthatha amanyathelo okulungiselela amavithamini. Kule mihla, ama-multivitamin amalungiselelo kubantwana bamaqela ahlukeneyo ahlukeneyo aphuhlisiwe, aqukethe iivithamini eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba kunye ne-immunity ekhuselekileyo. Abaninzi bancediswa ngokuveliswa ngamaminerali kunye nokulandelelanisa izinto, kwaye, ngaphezu koko, ziveliswa ngendlela efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa - i-pastilles, iipilisi ezichitshiweyo, ii-syrups. Into ebalulekileyo ekubunjweni komzimba kukuqina komzimba. Oku kunzima komqala kunye neempumlo, ezibandakanya ukuhlamba ngamanzi, ngokuqala ngokufudumala (i-degrees 30-32), ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa libe lipholile (ama-16-18 degrees). Ngomqala, kunokwenzeka ukunika umntwana ice cream njengenkqubo enzima. Ukucetyiswa kunye neenkqubo eziqhelekileyo ezijoliswe ekutshiseni umzimba wonke. Ezi zimboniso zeemilenze nezandla, zihamba zihamba ngeengubo, imiphefumlo ephikisanayo, isula kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Impembelelo enokubaluleka emzimbeni wokubhukuda echibini. Asinakuguqula utshintsho lwamaxesha: kwindla kanye nobusika kuza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamandla ethu ukuphazamisa into ebaluleke ngakumbi: iziqhwenga zomzimba, uncedo lokuqinisa umkhuhlane wakhe, uzinze kwaye ube namandla. Kwaye ukuba ngokukhawuleza uyagula-ukuze enze ukugula kwakhe kufutshane kwaye kungabi nzima! Impilo kubantwana bakho!