Phantse kwi-25% yamatyala isifo asihambelani naliphi na impawu kwaye ahlale engaboni. Kubantwana abaninzi, le ntsholongwane ayiyonto engabalulekanga. Ingozi enkulu ye-rubella ngabafazi abakhulelweyo, ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane kwi-placenta inokuchaphazela umntwana kwaye idale ukungaphumeleli kokuphuhliswayo. I-Rubella kubantwana: iimpawu, unyango - umxholo wale nqaku.
Ukusasazeka kwesi sifo
Intsholongwane ka-rubella inobuninzi. Emazweni athuthukileyo, ukuqhuma kudla ngokubaluleka ebusika okanye entwasahlobo. Ngoku, ngenxa yokugonywa, i-rubella inqabile. Xa ukukhwehlela okanye ukukrazula, intsholongwane ikhutshelwe kwindawo yendawo, isasaza ngamaconsi e-pus okanye i-saliva. Xa ezi ngqungquthela zingena kwiimbrane ezinqabileyo, usulelo luya kwenzeka. Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana osulelekileyo ubonakala ephilile kwaye akanayo impawu ebonakalayo yesifo.
Ixesha lokuxubusha
Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuqala kweempawu, kuthatha iiveki 2-3. Abantwana abagulayo bayakhalaza ngempilo ephosakeleyo, banomkhuhlane omncinci, impumlo ye-runny, i-conjunctivitis, ukukhwehlela kunye nokwanda kwama-lymph nodes. Njengoko isifo sifana, i-lymph nodes ivuba kwaye ibuhlungu, kwiphakamiso yesifo kukho ukugqithisa. Ukuqhaqha obomvu obomvu kubonakala ebusweni kwaye kwangoko kusasazeka emzimbeni, iingalo nemilenze. Ukukhawuleza, okuqhelekanga kungabangeli nto ihlazo kubantwana, ihlala kwiintsuku ezintathu. Umntwana okwangoku kukho ukwanda okwemodareyitha (ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-38 "C okanye ngaphantsi), umkhuhlane kunye nokwanda kwimizimba ye-lymph.
Iingxaki
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-rubella ibangela iingxaki:
- Arthritis. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthintela abafazi abaselula. Le nkcenkceshela yandisa umngcipheko we-rheumatoid arthritis.
- Encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kwengqondo). Le nkxalabo iboniswa kwiimeko ezili-1 zee-6. Umntwana ene-encephalitis akayithandi okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, uyavuya kakhulu. Kunokwenzeka ukuphuhliswa kwe-coma. Ngokungafani ne-encephalitis yamasistim, i-encephalitis e-rubella ayifile, kwaye uninzi lwabagulayo luyifumana ngaphandle kwemiphumo ye-neurological.
- Iingxaki ezisele ziyi-thrombocytopenia kunye ne-myocarditis.
- I-syndrome ye-rubella yokuzalwa yintlungu ebalulekileyo, ihamba kunye nesisindo sokuzalwa esincinane, ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa, ukungaboni, ukungaboniyo kunye neentsilelo zentliziyo. Kamva ngexesha lokukhulelwa umama unesifo, umngcipheko wokuba umntwana uza kuba neempembelelo.
- Isizathu esenza ukuba oogqirha bahlawule ingqalelo kwi-rubella kukuba ukusuleleka kwindoda ekhulelwe enesifo sengcinezelo kunokukhokelela ekuphuhliseni ukungabikho komntwana ongakazalwa.
Amagumbi amathathu aphezulu angabonakaliyo obunamaqabane azalwa kunye ne-rubella usulelo:
- I-Cataract - inokubangela ukuncipha kumbono okanye nokuba yimfama.
- Iintsilelo zeentliziyo, okokuqala, ukunciphisa umthambo we-pulmonary kunye nehambo engalawulwayo.
- Isisindo sokuzalwa esincinane.
I-rubella ye-congenital ihlala ihamba kunye nokunciphisa ukuva.
Ingozi kumntwana
Umngcipheko omkhulu kwi-fetus yintsholongwane yomama phambi kweveki ye-8 yokukhulelwa, ngakumbi ngenyanga yokuqala. Phantse isiqingatha saloo matyala kubangelwa ukuphulwa komntwana. Emva kolu xeshanye, umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwe-fetus kunye nokungaqhelekanga okuhlobene ne-rubella kuncitshiswa.
Uvavanyo lokungakhuselekanga
Ukuba umfazi okhulelwe unesifo, kuyimfuneko ukujonga imeko yakhe yokukhusela ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kuyaziwa ukuba uye wagonywa okanye ukuba iimvavanyo zegazi ziqinisekisa ukukhuselwa komzimba, unokusilalisa isigulane: umngcipheko wokwanda kwe-rubella yokuzalwa enganeni engakazalwa. Ukuba umfazi akazange agonywe kwaye uvavanyo lwegazi luqinisekisa ubungqina, isetyhini kufuneka isiluleke ngokufanelekileyo kunye nolwazi malunga nesantya somngcipheko umntwana ongakazalwa. Kwamanye amazwe, umfazi okhulelweyo ongenayo ongenayo usulelo oluqinisekileyo usemncinci unokucetyiswa ukuba aphelise ukukhulelwa. Izigulane ze-immunoglobulins ezisetyenziselwa ukuvimba iintlobo zee-viral zincinci kwigazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa azikhuthazwa. Inyaniso yokuba bayakwazi ukukhusela eso sifo okanye ukunciphisa ubunzima bayo kunina, kodwa kungekhona into yokuba baya ku lumkisa i-rubella yentsholongwane kumntwana ogulayo. Ukugonywa ngama-rubella kumazwe amaninzi athuthukile kwaqala kuma-70s ekhulwini lokugqibela. Emva koko isitofu sokugonywa sasijoliswe kubantwana baselula kunye nabasetyhini abadala, abanentsholongwane kule ntsholongwane. Okwangoku, ugonyo lwe-rubella luyingxenye yenkqubo yokugonywa kwabantwana. Ugonyo lwe-rubella yi-vaccine yokuphila, onokukwazi ukubangela ukuba eso sifo sinciphise ngokukhawuleza phantse. Ukugonywa kusebenza ngempumelelo kumaqela angama-98% kwaye kunika, njengommiselo, kuqinisekisile ukukhulelwa komzimba. Ngokutsho kwekhalenda yokugonya yaseRussia, ugonyo lwenziwe ngeenyanga ezili-12 kwaye emva kweminyaka eyi-6. Imiphumo emibi ayinqabile, ngezinye iimeko emva kweentsuku ezingama-7-10 emva kokugonywa, ukugqithisa ngomkhuhlane kunye nokwanda kwama-lymph nodes. Abafazi abavuthiweyo ngokwesondo banokuba ne-arthritis engapheliyo kwiiveki ezingama-2-3 emva kokugonywa. Ukungqinelana nokugonywa kukugonywa kwe-systemic immunodeficiency kubangelwa isifo okanye unyango lweziyobisi. Noko ke, abantwana abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo banokugonywa ngokukhuselekileyo malunga ne-rubella. Ezinye izichaso ziyakhulelwa kunye nokutshiswa kwegazi kwangoku.