Xa abantwana befikelela kwiinyanga ezi-3 ubudala, banokugonywa kwizifo ezithintekayo. Ukugonya okuhlangeneyo kukukhusela umntwana kwiintsholongwane ezintathu eziyingozi - i-tetanus, i-diphtheria kunye ne-pertussis, eyenziwa ngumntwana onempilo kathathu ngeyantlukwano kwinyanga enye nesiqingatha. Awunakuphulaphula ixesha lokugonywa, kuba ayinayo impembelelo engcono ekuphuhliseni izifo kubantwana.
Ziziphi izitofu ezenzayo kwiinyanga ezintathu
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga, iintsana ziyaxhomekeka ngokugonywa kwe-tetanus, i-diphtheria, ukukhwehlela. Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana emva kokugonywa kuya kuba yinto engabonakaliyo, unokufumana izifo ezithile, ukushisa kungakhula. Musa ukoyika. Ezi zimpawu zingekho ngaphezu kweentsuku ezintlanu, azifuneki unyango kwaye zidlule.
Ngexesha elifanayo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba emva kokugonya impilo yomntwana ingangxakatha emva kokusuleleka. Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba nakuphi na imeko, xa imeko yomntwana ibuhlungu emva kokugonywa, kuphuthuma ukubiza udokotela.
Ezinye iinkcukacha
Ngokweenkcukacha ezisemthethweni, iziganeko zokukhwehlela kwelo lizwe liye lahla ngo-90%, ngoku ngokunjalo abantwana abasenayo i-diphtheria, i-tetanus iyinqabile kakhulu. Konke oko kwakungenxa yokuba baqhuba isitofu sokugonya. Kanye kunye nokugonywa kwe-tetanus, i-diphtheria, ukukhwehlela ebudeni kwiinyanga ezi-3 kwenza i-inoculation yokuqala kwisifo esichengeni esichengeni njengepolio, kubangele ukukhubazeka kweminye imida, kuthintela iimbilini kunye nomgudu womgca.
Ukukhusela i-poliomyelitis ngonyaka wokuqala wobomi, umntwana unikezelwa isitofu kathathu, kunye nekhefu leenyanga kunye nesiqingatha sexesha, uhambelana ngokupheleleyo nokugonywa kwe-tetanus, i-diphtheria nokukhwehlela. Ungagonyanga umntwana osandul 'ukugula okanye odibene nesigulane esithathelwanayo, apho kuyimfuneko ukuxelela oogqirha bezingane malunga nalo. Ugqirha uya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba nini kwaye kukuphi ixesha elifanelekileyo ukufaka umntwana ukuze isitofu singayonakalisi impilo yomntwana kwaye yinto ephumelele kakhulu.
Emva kokugonywa, umntwana kufuneka alawulwe ukuba aqinisekise ukuba uyabona ukutya, akusiyo i-supercooled, okanye ikhululekile. Kwaye kufuneka emva kokugonywa kwiiveki ezingama-6 ukugcina umntwana kwisifo, kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukuphuhliswa komzimba. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba ungabandakanyi oonxibelelwano lomntwana kunye nentsholongwane, izifo zokuphefumula nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukuba abantwana emva kokugonywa kokuqala bazive bengabalulekanga, ngaba abazali abaqhubeki ne-inoculation prophylaxis. Ezi ntshukumo ziya kubakhomaza impilo yomntwana, kwaye kukho nobomi bakhe.
Kwenzeka ukuba umntwana ogonywayo odibene nomntwana ogulayo uya kugula. Kodwa oku kwenzeka xa umzimba womntwana ubuthathaka emva kolunye uhlobo lwezifo ezidlulisiweyo. Kodwa ngenxa yokugonywa, i-antibodies iveliswa, bayamsiza ukuba asuse isifo esithathelwanayo kwaye ancede ukuphepha iingxaki ezinzulu.