Isiqhelo sithathwa ukuba umntwana wazalwa enobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-3000g kwaye engabi ngaphezu kwama-4000g. Abantwana abazalwa benesisindo esingaphantsi kwezi-3 kg, ezibizwa ngokuba zincinci.
Kwaye abantwana abanesisindo ekuzalweni bangaphezu kwe-4kg - bengabantwana abaselula. Ngethuba lethu, abantwana abaninzi bazalwa benesisindo esingaphezu kwe-4 kg okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kubangelwa kukuba abafazi abakhulelweyo baba nexanduva lokutya kwabo, bathathe amavithamini kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Kodwa ubunzima bomntwana abuxhomeki kuphela kwisondlo somama ozayo, kodwa nangomgaqo-siseko womntwana. Ukuba ngaba abazali banesisindo esincinane kunye nokuphakama, ngoko umntwana, mhlawumbi, uya kuba nobunzima obuncinane.
Kwiintsuku zokuqala, emva kokuzalwa, umntwana uqala ukunciphisa umzimba. Kwimihla emithathu ukuya kwiintsuku ezintlanu, ulahlekelwa kwi-5% ukuya kwi-10% yesisindo sakhe, oko kukuthi, ukuba umntwana wazalwa enesisindo esingama-3500g, ngoko unokulahlekelwa ngu-175g ukuya ku-350g. Yaye ungakhathazeki, umntwana ukhululekile ngesisu, amathumbu, amanzi aphuma ekhumbeni. Kodwa ke umntwana uqala ukuphinda abuyele, kwaye iintsuku ezimbalwa zifumana ezi igramu ezilahlekileyo. Ukujonga ubunzima bomntwana, kufuneka uqikelele rhoqo, kwaye uhlolisise rhoqo ugqirha, apho umntwana elinganiswa khona kwaye elinganiselwe, ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kanye ngenyanga. Ngoko ke, izikali zibaluleke kakhulu xa kuzalwa umntwana. Gqiba umntwana ngokuhlwa ngaphambi kokubhukuda, kwisisu esingenanto. Kwisikali, bhala i-diaper, ususe yonke into ukusuka kwintsana uze uyibeke kwisikali. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba ngalo mzuzwana umntwana uhamba ngokuncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle koko ubungqina abuyiyo. Ubunzima bomntwana kufuneka buvavanywe kunye nokukhula kwayo, ekubeni ezi zimbini zihambelana.
Ukufumana ubungakanani obuphezulu bokuphakama nobukhulu bentsana yakho, kufuneka uhlawule ubunzima bayo ekukhuleni. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana wazalwa enobunzima buka-3150g. kunye nokukhula kwama-48 cm, sithola u-3150: 48 = = 65,625 - oku kuqhelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, ukuba inani lifunyenwe kwibanga ukusuka kuma-60 ukuya ku-70, izikhombisi zibhekwa njengesiqhelo. Ukuba inani lingaphantsi kwama-60, ke umntwana ukhulu ngobukhulu bayo. Ukuba ngaphezu kwama-70, ubunzima bomntwana ngokukhula kwawo akwanele.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuba umntwana usufumana ubunzima obunzima, ungasebenzisa le ndlela: iintsana eziza kutsho kwiinyanga ezili-6 - M = Mp + 800 * K, M - ubunzima bomyinge womntwana, iminyaka eyi-K kwiinyanga, i-Mp - ubunzima bomntwana ekuzalweni. Kubantwana ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-7 ukuya kunyaka: M = Mp + 4800 + 400 * (K-6). Ungasebenzisa kwakhona itafile yeerhafu zokuzuza ubunzima kunyaka wokuqala wobomi.
Ubudala (inyanga) Ukongezwa ngenyanga (igram) Ukwanda kwexabiso (gram) |
Ewe, le tafile iyisikhokelo esilinganiselweyo, apho unokuvavanya ubunzima bomntwana.
Iintsana ezizalwe ngobunzima obaneleyo kwiinyanga zokuqala ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu zifumana umyinge wekhilomitha nganye ngenyanga. Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu bafumana ubunzima kwizinga. Qiniseka ukuba umntwana wakho uzuza ubunzima njengenxalenye yesiqhelo. Ngenyanga yokuqala yobomi, sinzima umntwana kanye ngeveki, ngaphezulu kanye ngenyanga. Ukuba umntwana akafumani ubunzima, isizathu esingaba nobisi obaneleyo kumama. Zama ukubeka umntwana kwisifuba kaninzi. Ukongezelela ekunceliseni, isondlo sokufakelwa kufuneka senziwe. Kule meko, umxube wokufakelwa kufuneka unikezwe emva kokuncelisa, kwaye kungekhona ngaphambili okanye endaweni. Kodwa oku kuphela kuphela ukuba unalo ubisi lobisi olwaneleyo. Kukho ezinye izizathu zokunqongophala ubunzima.
Ngokomzekelo, iintsana ezibuthathaka, ngokuqhelekileyo iintsana ezisenakusana okanye iintsana, azikwazi ukuncela ubisi obaneleyo. Iintsana ezinjalo kufuneka zisetyenziswe rhoqo kwibele, kuba ukuze zizaliswe zifuna ixesha elide. Ukunqongophala ubunzima kubonakala kubantwana abaneengxaki zesondlo sesisu. Ezi ntsana zidla ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngenxa yokutya oku nje kufikelele kwisisu. Kwakhona isizathu sokunqongophala ngokulinganisa. Isixa esaneleyo se-vitamin D emzimbeni siholela esi sifo. Izifo zesistim se-nervous center zikhokelela ekufumaneni inzuzo embi kwisisindo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona ukuba umntwana wakho akazuzi ubunzima, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane neengcali zakudala zengqondo yakho.
Ukungabi nobunzima kuyinkathazo, kodwa ukukhululeka kunesizathu sokukhathazeka. Akudingeki ukuba udlulele umntwana wakho, nangona izixhobo ezinamahlombe kunye neenyawo kunye nemibimbi zivame ukubonisa uthando kwabanye. Iintsana ezipheleleyo zihlala zifumana iingxaki nge-pancreas, kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwesifo sikashukela. Abantwana abanjalo bahamba ngaphantsi kweontanga zabo, kwaye oku kuholele ekuqhubeni ukuphuhliswa kwemoto. Ezo zinto zibuthakathaka izidumbu ze-malorazitye, ukukhubeka komzimba kubonwa. Ngoko jonga ubunzima bomntwana wakho, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho ukuphambuka kwimvelaphi enikezelwe kwitheyibhile, kodwa ukuba izibonakaliso zesisindo zingaphezulu kwe-10% okanye zingaphantsi kwe-10%, oku kuqhelekileyo.
Ngoku uyazi indlela yokongeza umntwana ngokulinganisa kunyaka wokuqala wobomi.