I-Melanoma ngokuqhelekileyo iyisisu esibi. Le ngqumbo ivela kwiiseli ezikhethekileyo ze-pigment, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-melantrocytes. Le yenye yeyona ndlela yingozi kakhulu yomhlaza wesikhumba. Nangona i-melanoma maxa wambi ihluke kancinane kwesi sifo. Into yokuba iiseli eziphambili zesikhumba ziiiseli ezibizwa ngokuthi i-keratinocytes, ngamanye amagama, iiseli ze-epithelial kunye neeseli ezibizwa ngokuthi i-melanocytes, apho isikhumba sethu sitshintsha umbala ngexesha lokushisa kwelanga. I-tumorous tumor ikhula ngokuthe ngqo kwimihlobo yokuqala yeeseli, kunye ne-tumor ekhula kwinqanaba leeseli zesibini, kuthiwa yi-melanoma. Uphuhliso lwesibini lwesifo luba nesongelo esikhulu kumzimba womntu. Kule meko, ukuphuhliswa kweepesenti yekhulu leemastasis eyenzekayo, kwaye ngoko kuhlaselwa kwezempilo, kulandelwa kukutshatyalaliswa kwamanye amaziko ngamaseli omhlaza. Ngoko ke, unyango lwe-melanoma ludinga inyathelo elikhawulezayo neligqibayo. Ukuze uphephe nayiphi na ingxaki zempilo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwazi ukwahlula ngokucacileyo phakathi kwe-melanoma kunye nebala lokuzalwa eliqhelekileyo. Masizame, phantsi komxholo othi: "Indlela yokuhlukanisa iimpawu zokuzalwa ezivela kwi-melanoma? "Ngaba ukufumanisa.
Ngoko, ukwenzela ukwahlula uphawu lokuzalwa oluvela kwi-melanoma, okokuqala, kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukungafani okona phakathi kwezi zimbini zee-moles. Yaye unako ukucacisa nokukhumbula le ntlukwano usebenzisa i-alfabhethi ekhethekileyo. Ngamanye amagama, i-alfabhethi ye-melanoma, equkethe iileta ezine eziphambili (A, B, C no-D).
Masiqale ngeleta ethi "A", engenanto ngaphandle kwe-asymmetry. Ukwahlula i-markmark yokuzalwa kwi-melanoma kunokwenzeka, engayithobeli ingqalelo ifom yayo kunye nokujikeleza. Ukuba ukhangele i -markmark eyiyo yokuzalwa, kufuneka ukuba uhlale unesimo esifanelekileyo. Kuba i-mole, i-oval okanye i-roundline i-character are characteristic, kodwa i-melanoma-ifomu ephosakeleyo kwaye engaqondakaliyo.
Incwadi elandelayo kwi-alfabhethi ye-melanoma yileta "B", ephethe into enjengokubonakala kwintambo ngokwayo. Unokwazi ukwahlula uphawu lokuzalwa oluvela kwisifo se-melanoma ngokujonga ngokucophelela iindawo zalo. Imida ephawulekayo ye-melanoma yinto, njengommiselo, nangona, i-pattern, kunye ne-mole, ngokuchaseneyo, kakhulu kwaye icocekile.
Inxalenye elandelayo yohlobo lwe-birthmark ephuma kwi-melanoma ngumbala wayo, owe-alfabhethi wethu uboniswa ngetekisi efana ne "C". Isikhumbuzo sokuzalwa esilungileyo sinombala owodwa wombala, kodwa i-melanoma, ngokuchaseneyo, ifaka imibala emininzi yemibala - ubuncinane imibala emibini ebhaliweyo: obomvu, omnyama, obomvu, obomvu okanye umhlophe.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, incwadi yokugqibela yesihlanu yethu eyahlukileyo yileta "D", ebonisa ububanzi ngokwayo, eya kunceda ukuhlukanisa i-birthmark kwi-melanoma. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, i-melanoma ineemilinganiselo ezigqitha ama-millimitha ama-5, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunye nezo zifikelela kwi-1 cm. Ukuba ufumana uphawu lokuzalwa lwalo bunzima emzimbeni wakho, qha ga mshelana nodokotela wakho.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-melanomas ikhona kwiindawo zesikhumba njengemuva kwendawo ngaphaya kwelinqeni, i-shin yomlenze kunye nenxalenye yentloko ehlanganiswe neenwele. Ngamanye amaxesha kwinto enjenge-melanoma ingabonwa kwindawo yesikhumba phantsi kwe-fingernail.
Ngendlela, kubalulekile ukuphawula kunye nokuba i-25% ye-melanomas iyakhula ukusuka kwiimpawu zokuzalwa. Ngoko ke, ukuhlala elangeni elinomlinganiselo omkhulu we-moles emzimbeni wakho kunokuba yingozi. Iimeko ezinobungozi apho kufuneka uzikhusele wena kunye nomzimba wakho, uthabathe iibhantshi zelanga - kukukhanya kwebala ekhanda lakho, ubukho bentsimbi, ebuntwaneni obudala, ukukhanya kwelanga, umbala obomvu okanye obomvu, ukufumana emzimbeni weempawu zokuzalwa ezintathu ezibalulekileyo, ukuzalwa. Le yimiqondiso ephambili okufuneka uyikhusele ehlotyeni, ngaloo ndlela ungachukumisi ukubonakala kwe-melanoma.
Impumelelo ekunyangeni kwe-melanoma, kwindawo yokuqala, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba apho lafunyanwa khona. Ngoko ke, ukuhlolwa okufike ngexesha kuphela kunokuqinisekisa ukuba uphephelwa okanye uphathwe kwesi sifo.
Ngendlela, ngokweentlobo ezininzi ze-dermatologists, ngaphandle kwesidingo esikhulu, ukuthinta i-birthmark ayikhuthazwa nonke. Yaye ukuba unomlenze okhangelekisayo onomzimba wakho, akufanele ukhathazeke nhlobo. Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinjalo kufuneka zihlolwe, malunga nenyanga zonke iinyanga ezi-6 nguchwepheshe. Kuphela ukuba ugqirha ugqiba ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sikhumba, kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise indawo yokungenelela.
Kwaye ekugqibeleni sifuna ukungezezela ukuba akunakulungelekile ukuba ushiye ngokupheleleyo ikhefu elide elinde kulwandle. Nazi ezinye imithetho ezisisiseko, ngokubambelela kuyo, unokukwazi ukuphelisa ikhefu lakho ngokukhuselekileyo.
1. Khumbula ukuba ukutyhila ixesha elide kunye nokukhawuleza ukukhanya kwelanga akunakukukhawuleza ukuba uzibonele. Ngamanye amaxesha imiphumo emibi ingabonakala emva kwexesha.
2. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe iibhagi zokuhamba, zama ukungazisebenzisi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulwa namagciwane. Oku kunokukhokelela ekushiseni ilanga elukhumbeni, ukwandisa ukuqonda kwakho kwimitha ye-ultraviolet.
3. Musa ukulibala ukusebenzisa i-creams ezikhusela isikhumba sakho ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
4. Musa ukushisa ilanga elangeni phakathi kwe-11 ukuya kwe-4 ntambama.
5. Khumbula ukuba emoyeni okanye kwimozulu yezulu, ithuba lokutshisa liphezulu kakhulu kunelanga.
Ukuhambelana nale miyalelo elula ngexesha lakho leeholide, unokuphepha iingxaki ezingafunekiyo kwimpilo yakho.