Iintlobo zale ndlela zinomgangatho obalaseleyo wokubonakalisa, ukufumana imifanekiso kwiindiza ezahlukeneyo kwaye, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ukungabikho kwempembelelo embi emzimbeni womntu, kuquka i-X-ray irradiation. Oku kwenza ukuba kusetshenziswe le ndlela yokuxilongwa ngaphandle kwesilumkiso kubantwana kunye nabafazi abakhulelweyo (emva kweveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa).
Kukho ezimbini iindidi ze-scanner magnetic resonance: uhlobo oluvaliweyo kwaye luvulekile.
I-tomograph ye-magnetic resonance egxinwe yinkomfa yenkomfa yamandla apho umntu abekwa khona uviwo.
I-MRI yohlobo oluvulekileyo lunemivuzo eninzi. Banikezela ngamagunya amakhulu okucinga, uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zeklinikhi, kunye neendawo ezivulekile ngexesha lokuskena. UMongameli we-MR ovulekileyo owenzelwe i-tomographs zenzelwe ukuhlola izigulane zaluphi na ubudala, ubunzima, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-claustrophobia (ukwesaba kwendawo edibeneyo). Uhlobo lwe-C ovulekileyo luhlobo lunikeza ukufikelela okufanelekileyo kwisigulane ngethuba lokuxilonga, ukuvumela ilungu losapho okanye ugqirha ukuba sisondele kumntwana omncinci, ogula kakhulu okanye isigulane sokukhula. I-angle yokubukela enkulu ikhulisa intuthuzelo yesigulane ehlolwayo, iyanciphisa i-claustrophobia kunye nexhala ngexesha le nkqubo.
Uhlolo lweMRI lwenziwa njani?
Ngokomyinge, ubude benkqubo yokuxilongwa yamanqanaba okugaya ama-magnetic resonance ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kweyimizuzu engama-60, apho i-magnetic field ivelisa amaza emsakazo athunyelwa kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba. Efunyenwe kwiimpawu eziqwalaselweyo, iprogram yekhompyutheni iguqula kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Ngale ndlela, utshintsho oluthile emzimbeni (umz., I-prolapse ye-disc, umdlavuza webele okanye isifo seengqondo) sinokufunyaniswa ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwe-X-ray. Ngethuba leenkqubo zokuxilonga, kucetyiswa ukuba ulale kwaye uphefumle. Ukunyakaza okuncinci kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka komfanekiso, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, nokunciphisa ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa.
Ngethuba lokucinga ngomfanekiso wamagnetic, isigulane asifumani nayiphi na intlungu, ngaphandle kwentsholongwane yokushisa okufayo kwinxalenye yomzimba ehlolwayo.
Izibonakaliso zemifanekiso yokumangalisa magnetic.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-MRI kwenziwa kuphela kwiinkcazo phambi kobhenxiso olubonisa indawo yokufunda kunye nokuxilongwa kukagqirha, imeko yekliniki okanye injongo yokuxilongwa.
Imiqondiso ye-MRI yentloko:
- Ii-Anomalies kunye nokungalunganga kwengqondo.
- Ukulimala kwangemva kwesifo.
- Iinkqubo ezivuthayo kunye nezifo ezithintekayo.
- Multiple sclerosis.
- Iziphazamiso ze-Vascular (imivimbo, i-hematomas, i-aneurysms, i-malformations).
- Izidumbu zengqondo kunye nezibilini zayo.
Izibonakaliso ze-MRI yomgudu kunye nomtya womthambo:
- Ukulimala komgudu.
- I-Hernia yee-disvertebral discs.
- Iinkqubo ezivuthayo zomgudu nomgca womgca.
- Iziphazamiso ze-Vascular (izibetho, i-hemorrhages).
- Izidumbu zentambo yomthambo nomgudu.
- Scoliosis.
- Izifo ezithintekayo.
- Iinkqubo ezenzileyo kunye neenkqubo ezidityanisiweyo.
Imiqondiso ye-MRI yesistim:
- Ukulimala kwamathambo, izihlunu, izixhobo ezixilisayo.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-meniscus.
- Osteonecrosis.
- Iinkqubo ezivuthayo zamathambo ezithambo (isifo sofuba, i-osteomyelitis).
- Iinkqubo ezenzileyo kunye neenkqubo ezidityanisiweyo.
- Ukuxhaphazwa kwamathambo kunye nezihlunu.
- Izifo zethambo lomongo.
Imiqondiso ye-MRI yesifuba kunye ne-mediastinum:
- Iimpazamo ze-Vascular.
- Ama-anomalies, ukungonakali komthi we-tracheobronchial.
- Izidumbu ze-mediastinum.
- Izifo zeHemological.
- Myasthenia gravis.
- Ukulimala, iinkqubo ezivuthayo, izicubu zeethambo ezinotsholongwane zesifuba.
Imiqondiso ye-MRI yesigxina esiswini kunye ne-retroperitoneum:
- Izidumbu zamalungu omzimba (isibindi).
- Retroperitoneal fibrosis.
- Izilonda zerenti, i-lymph nodes kwizifo ze-hematological.
- Ukubonakaliswa kobuninzi be-aortic aneurysm.
Izibonakaliso ze-MRI yezitho zeplavic:
- Izidumbu zamalungu omzimba.
- Ukuxhamla kwenkqubo yokuvuthwa kwamanzi, irectum.
- Endometriosis.
- Iinkqubo ezivuthayo, i-fistula.
- Ama-anomalies, ukungalunganga kwamalungu epilvic.
Indlela yokulungiselela inkqubo ye-MRI?
Ukususela kwintsimi enamandla egunyazisiweyo ngaphakathi kweso sixhobo kuza kutsala nayiphi into equle isinyithi okanye enye insimbi yesiganeko, ugqirha oza kuqhuba uphando kufuneka abuze ukuba awunayo impembelelo yensimbi (umzekelo, i-hip prostheses, i-valves heart, i-pacemakers , kunye neenqwelo, iziqhekeza, njl.). Kuyafana nokuba kubhedu ngeenkonkxa zentsimbi, i-zipper, amaqhosha kunye nezinye izitho zensimbi kwiingubo-ziyanceda ukulungiswa kwesi sixhobo, kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo ziphazamise umfanekiso, obandakanya ukuxilongwa. Ugqirha uya kukucela ukuba ususe iimpahla, kunye nemigcobo (amasongo, amacici, amaketanga, iwashi), utshintshe ube yinto ehlambulukileyo kwaye utshintshe izicathulo.
Ukuzaliswa kwamazinyo, izithsaba, amabhuloho, njengommiselo, vumela ukwenza uphando, nangona iimplantshi zomlomo zonakalisa i-magnetic field, eyonakalisa umfanekiso wommandla.
Intsimi yamandla enamandla ingonakalisa ngokukhawuleza iifowuni, izixhobo zecomputer (izixhobo zokuvavanya, i-pacemakers) i-clockers, i-media media (kubandakanywa namakhadi-mboleko). Ngexesha loviwo, kuyimfuneko ukushiya izinto ezinjalo kwikhefu lomntu okanye ukuyibeka nodokotela.
Ngexesha le-MRI yentloko, izixhobo ze-makeup (mascara, shadow, powder) zingaphazamisa ukufumana imifanekiso esemgangathweni kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso lokuxilonga. Ukuya kwi-diagnosis ye-MRI, abafazi bayacetyiswa ukuba bangayekanga ukwenza ukulungiswa okanye ukususa ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo.
Ukuba ufunda le miqolo ngaphambi kokuba uviwo luye, ke, ukuya kwi-diagnosis ye-MRI, zama ukugqoka ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo kwe-MRI akudingeki. Ungadla, uphuze, uthathe amayeza ngendlela eqhelekileyo kuwe. Ukuba ufuna ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekileyo, kunye nezinye izifundo kwi-MRI, kufuneka uqatshelwa kwangaphambili.
Ukuba ukhe waziva utyhafu okanye ukwesaba kwindawo efihliweyo kwaye kufuneka uhlolwe kwi-tomograph ye-resonance yohlobo oluvaliweyo, uze uxele udokotela malunga nalo.
Njengomthetho, uviwo aluqhubeki kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa, ngaphandle kokubaluleka kakhulu ebusweni bokuba luphawu olubalulekileyo okanye ukusola ngokungaqhelekanga kumntwana.
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo yokuxilonga ingadinga i-anesthesia engapheliyo. Oku kufuneka kuxoxwe kunye ne-anesthesiologist kwangaphambili. Iindleko ze-aneshesia okanye i-ejenti yokuphambana, esetyenziselwa ukujonga imirhumo yegazi, ayifakwanga kwiindleko ze-MRI inkqubo ngokwayo kwaye ihlawulwa ngokwahlukileyo.
Yiba nesigulane ngexesha uya kwi-diagnosis ye-MRI - ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukuba kufuneka ulinde. Izigulane ezinokungenelela ngoncedo oluphuthumayo zingalondoloza ubomi okanye ziphucule kakhulu iziphumo zonyango zithathwe ngaphandle. Khumbula ukuba umntu unokuthi abe kwindawo yawo, kwaye kwakhona ukuba kukho rhoqo abo babi kakhulu kunani. Ngoko ke, cwangcisa imicimbi yakho ukuze ube neeyure eziliqela. Kwaye ube nempilo!