Inxalenye yesibini yekhulu le-15 yayiyi-Ottoman eYurophu, ezininzi iimpi zombango zangaphakathi kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukutshabalalisa ubudlelwane bezohwebo, nto leyo yabangela ukuhla kwe-winemaking e-Italy. Ngeli thuba, umveliso wewayini wawugcinwe ikakhulu kwii-monasteri kunye nabahlali. Iwayini yaveliswa ikakhulu ekuthengiseni ngaphakathi kweli lizwe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Nangona iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zamagilebhisi ezikhulile e-Italy, phakathi kwekhulu lama-20 ilizwe liye lagcina iteknoloji engapheliyo xa isebenza kwizidiliya kunye nemveliso yewayini. Kwaye kuphela kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-20, ukuphuhliswa kwe-winemaking e-Italy kwindlela yokudala iwayini yokuthumela ngaphandle. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe obutsha bwanamhlanje baziswa kweli lizwe, kwaye ngenxa yoko, izinga lemveliso yewayini likhule kakhulu. Ngoku kumzabalazo wesihloko selizwe eliphambili lewayini, i-Italy iye yaba ngumncintiswano ofanelekileyo kwiFransi. Nangona ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba iwayini elibomvu laseNtaliyane yanamasiko kunye nemveli-yinto ehlukileyo kwimveliso.
Kwimimandla nganye yelizwe kukho iintlobo zezityalo zamagilebhisi, ezikhulile kuphela kule ndawo. Nangona kunjalo, iindidi eziphambili, ezinokuthi zithathwa njengesizwe, yinto ebomvu yeSangiovese yaseTuscan. Uhlobo oluphawulekayo lweentlobo ze-Sangiovese lu-sweet taste and sour, ukunambitheka kwamabhanki abomvu kunye neentlobo ze-violets. Kule ndlela eyahlukileyo, iwayini elinebomvu eyaziwayo kakhulu iveliswa yi-Chianti. Kungaba lula, kulula, kwaye kunokunyamezela, kuba yindleko kunye nexabiso.
Iwayini yaseTaliyane i-Chianti isetyenziswe kwimibhobho neebhotile iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba yi-Chianti yinyani. Ngethuba lethu, abavelisi bewayini bahlala kwiimvumba ze-oki. Ngexesha lokulondoloza, lithatha inkqubo yokumpontshelwa - kathathu ngonyaka wokuqala, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Le nqubo yenza ukuba ukwazi ukukrazula iwayini leentlanzi. Ngaphambili, i-Chianti yayiyibhodlela kwiibhotile ezimbini (i-fissures) ezinobumba ezimbini. Ubunzima beyimfuneko ngenxa yeengqabhoko. Iibhotile ezinjalo zatywinwa ngothuli lwamaphepha, ngaphambi kokufaka ioli yeoli yomncinci kwibhotile. Okwangoku, iibhotile ezinokubhakabhaka zilungelelaniso kubavakhenkethi.
I-Chianti ikwahlula ezimbini kwiindidi eziphambili:
I-Normale - isigaba esingabalulekanga, le wayini ayigcinwanga ixesha elide, inxila iminyaka emibini emva kokuba ibonakale kwimarike.
2 Riserva - le wayini ikhiqizwa kuphela kwiminyaka emihle kwaye ifika iimbumba ezivela kwiidiliya ezilungileyo. Kumele kube ngumdala ubuncinane iminyaka emibini.
Itheyibhile iwayini kunye nobuntu sele ijikeleze iminyaka eliwaka. Oogqirha abaninzi bexesha elidlulileyo babecinga iwayini eluncedo kwimpilo kwaye bamisela ukwamkelwa kwayo ngexesha lwezifo ezahlukeneyo. Ngethuba lethu, izazinzulu ziyavumelana nalo mbono lwabantu abadala. Ngokomzekelo, iwayini ebomvu ithathwa njengelona luncedo kakhulu ngenxa yento ephakathi kuyo inani elikhulu lamatanci. Kodwa izazinzulu kunye noogqirha basoloko bethetha ngokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwewayini - kuba amadoda ayengekho ngaphezu kweglasi ezintathu ngosuku, kwaye kuba besifazane kuphela iglasi. Kwaye, iwayini kufuneka ibe ngumgangatho ophezulu.
Iyini iwayini kwiinjongo zesayensi yi-80% yamanzi acocekileyo e-biological, ukusuka kwi-8 ukuya kwe-15% yobutywala obufunyenwe ngexesha lokuvumba, kunye nayo yonke into ephantsi kwamanani e-organic acids, i-fructose, i-glucose, i-phenolic constituents, izinto ezinamakha. Amafutha abalulekileyo kunye nama-tannins, i-esters, i-aldehydes, i-saline yamaminerali, i-amino acids, iiprotheni kunye namavithamini, izinto ezilandelelanayo (manganese, zinc, i-rubidium, i-fluoride, i-vanadium, i-iodine, i-titanium, i-cobalt, i-potassium, i-phosphorus) ikhona kwiwayini encinci ubuninzi.
Njengoko sibona kwiindawo zokudlela ezibomvu zaseNtaliyane ezidumileyo
iwayini iqulethe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezondlo. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba kukho ukusebenzisana kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kulo. Ukunyanga ngewayini kwakusetyenziswe kwiiklinikhi eYurophu malunga neenkulungwane ezimbini, kwaye e-Russia lo mkhuba waqala phakathi kwekhulu le-18. Ngokuqhelekileyo wayemisela ukumkelwa kwewayini elibomvu kwiingxaki zesisu, i-anemia, beriberi. Ukuba umntu wayenengxaki yeentliziyo, wanikelwa iwayini ezimhlophe okanye i-champagne, kwaye ukuba wayenomkhuhlane okanye ubanda obuqhelekileyo, wanikwa iwayini elininzi.
Kukho inqaku: "Ikomityi yokuqala iyona yokoma, okwesibini - kumnandi, okwesithathu - ukuzonwabisa, owesine - ukuhlanya". Oku kulungile ukukhumbula njalo. Emva koko, yonke into ilungileyo ngokumodareyitha, ngakumbi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwewayini.
Kukho imithetho ekhethekileyo yokusetyenziswa nokugcinwa kwewayini elidumileyo letafile elibomvu laseNtaliyane. Zonke iwayini ezigugile zigcinwa kumaqondo athile aphantsi kweeseli zomntu. Ukusuka apho bafumana kuphela ngaphambi kokukhonza. Iwayini ingakhonzwa kwinqwelo yeglasi ecacileyo okanye ngqo kwibhotile. Iwayini elibomvu kufanele 'liphefumle elincinane' ngaphambi kokuba liseglasini, ngoko ibhotile kufuneka ivule iyure enye ngaphambi kokuhlwa.
Izitya ezahlukahlukeneyo ngexesha lokutya iitheyibhile zenziwa. Idayibhile eline-Red table ingaba nemibala eyahlukileyo, ukusuka ebomvu egazini ukuya kwithenda eluhlaza. Idayibhile elibomvu iwayini kufuneka libe sebushushu bendibini okanye ngamanye amaxesha litshisa. Ukuba iwayini iyingqombela, kwimozulu eshisayo ihlihliweyo, ngoko kuya kuba mnandi ngakumbi.
Iwayini ezinomileyo obomileyo ziqulethe inani elincinci leswekile. Ngako oko, bahambelana ngokufanelekileyo nezidlo eziphambili, bavuyisa ukutya kunye nomthunzi kwintlanzi yesitya. Ukuba ulandela imigaqo, iwayini elibomvu elomileyo lidla ngokuba yinyama, idada, i-goose okanye umdlalo. Iimvini ezimnandi ezibomvu zilungele ukutya. Ukuba kukho iwayini ebomvu eseleyo kwibhotile, ngoko iyakwazi ukufakwa kwindawo epholileyo ngokucoca ukuyeka. Isiqhamo sewayini asihambisani. Ngoko, iitheyibhile iwayini yinto emangalisayo kunye nemveliso yamandulo. Ukuba uyisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo, uya kuyonwabela ngokwenene.