Isitshixo sokutya se-kosher kukuba abantu badla imveliso enobulumko kakhulu kunye nemvelo. Ukongezelela, le ndlela yokutya icatshulwa kwaye iyaqondakala, idibana nemithetho ye-kosher (i-kashrut) - imigaqo ebekiwe kunye nemigangatho yobuYuda. Nangona abaninzi abantu abafuna ukutya okunempilo le mithetho ayibalulekile, kubo, iimveliso zibalulekile. Apha, ukuba kungekhona ukunyanzelisa yonke into ilula.
Iimveliso ze-Kosher zineempawu ezikhethekileyo ze-kosher eziqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu, ubuchule kunye nobungqina bemvelo kwimveliso. Ewe, ezi zinto zithengwa ngaphezu kweemveliso eziqhelekileyo, kwaye kuyaqondakala kuba ukubeka uphawu olukhethekileyo lufuna isatifikethi, esichaphazela ixabiso leyiphi na imveliso.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba imithetho yamaYuda sele ifuna ukutya kuphela, kodwa nayo yonke imiba yobomi ngokubanzi. Kukho iimfuno kwiindlela zokupheka ukutya. Igama elithi "kosher" liguqulelwa kwisiHebhere ngokuthi "lilungele", kwimeko yethu libhekisela kwimveliso efanelekileyo yokutya.
Iimveliso ezingaphezulu.
Nazi ezinye zeemveliso eziphambili ukuba iTorah ibhale isondlo se-kosher.
Inyama: ibhokhwe, inkomo, imvana; iilbivores zasendle zasendle kunye ne-elk inyama.
Isidlo esinqwenelekayo kukuba, ukuba isilwanyana sineempuphu, kwaye sikwazi ukuhlafuna i-gum. Ukuba enye imeko ayilahlekanga, inyama yezilwanyana ayicatshangwanga.
Ukongezelela, kukho enye imeko-ukubulawa kwezilwanyana kufuneka kwenziwe ngendlela ethile, kubalulekile ukuba inyama yezilwanyana ezihlatshiwe iqhutywe kakuhle. Oku kwandisa iindleko zenyama.
Iintlanzi ze-fish ziyaziwa ngeempawu ezimbini eziphambili - izikali kunye neefom. Azikho zonke iintlanzi ezinokulinganisa, oku kuthetha ukuba azinqandeki: izikali azikho kwi-catfish, eels, sturgeon, sharks; i-caviar emnyama ayinakuxhomekeka. I-Mollusks, i-crustaceans kunye nee-oyster ayinanto.
I-torus ayitsho ukuba yiziphi iimpawu zeentaka ezinqwenelekayo, kodwa kwiindawo zikho izibalo zeentaka ezinje, ikakhulukazi izilwanyana kunye nezidumbu. Iinyoni, njengezilwanyana, kufuneka zihlanjululwe kwaye ziphathwe ngendlela ethile.
Awukwazi ukusebenzisa iirandents (onogwaja kunye nonogwaja) kunye neenambuzane, ama-amphibians kunye nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo. Nangona kunjalo, iTorah yenza i-exception kwezinye zezinambuzane (umzekelo, ikhukhu). Ukusetyenziswa kobusi kuvunyelwe, kuba kungabonwa njengemveliso eyenziwa ngumzimba wezinyosi (kunye neenyosi ziyaziwa njengezinambuzane). Inyaniso yokuba ubusi ngumkhiqizo we-kosher ulungile, nangona kunjalo, wonk 'ubani uyazi ukuba ubusi buveliswa kuphela ngezinyosi, kwaye ubusi ngumkhiqizo ovela kwinkqubo ebalulekileyo yezinambuzane.
Ingundoqo yesondlo: ukulungiswa kwemveliso ye-kosher.
I-milk and meat products are not prepared together, kwaye ayinakudliwa ngendlela efanayo. Uninzi lwamaYuda akholwayo lisebenzisa izitya ezahlukeneyo zokulungiselela le mveliso kwaye zize zigcinwe ngokwahlukileyo. Ngendlela, le ndlela idinga nayiphi na imilinganiselo engcolileyo, leyo emazweni athile enziwe ngeenkonzo ezizodwa. Kwaye amanye amaYuda apheka inyama kunye nemveliso yobisi kwimizila eyahlukeneyo, nangona le nto ayinanto yokwenza ukutya okunempilo okanye ukuhambelana kwemveliso.
AmaYuda akholelwayo asebenzisa iimveliso zobisi, emva kweeyure ezingama-6 kuphela emva kokufumana imveliso yenyama, loo mkhuba wawuya kulungele ukusebenza. Abanye emva kokuba ubisi badle iimveliso zenyama emva kwemizuzu engama-30, ngokuqinisekileyo, kusekuseni kakhulu, kodwa kungcono kunokusebenzisa konke ngexesha elinye. Emva kokutya ushizi, inyama isetyenziswe kakuhle emva kweeyure ezingama-6.
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ubisi kufuneka kube yizilwanyana ezixhasayo: umfundisi othembekileyo kufuneka abe khona kwaye alandele inkqubo yokumisa kunye nokulungiswa kwemveliso.
Ukutya isonka kufuneka kwakhona sibe ngumYuda, ngelixa emele ahlule aze atshise inxalenye yehlama. Ukuba isonka sibhaka kwi-bakery enkulu, vula i-oven, kwaye ujonge inkqubo yokubhaka umYuda.
Amaqanda kufuneka aphekwe kwizicathulo ezintathu kwiibhokhwe ezikhethekileyo, ngelixa phambi kwamabala egazi kumaqanda kufuneka ahlambuluke.
Iimveliso ezivuno. Kungabonakala ukuba yonke into ilula, kodwa njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, iTorah iyakuvimbela ukusebenzisa iimbungu kunye neenambuzane, ngoko-ke amakholwa acwangcisa ngokucophelela ngomgubo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, izityalo, amajikijolo, imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Uninzi lwethu alunamathele ngokubaluleka kakhulu kule nto, nangona kunjalo, ngokukhethekileyo ukusebenzisa iziqhumane ngokuqinisekileyo, akukho mntu uya kwenza.
Iwayini kunye neziselo.
Ngewayini e-kosher, yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoko le wayini ibiza kakhulu kunewayini leSpeyin neFransi. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iwayini le-kosher iveliswa kuphela ngamaYuda, iidiliya zivunwa ngexesha elikhethekileyo, kwaye ixesha lesidiliya kufuneka libe ubuncinane iminyaka emine ubudala. Kwaye kunjalo, amaYuda azalisa isidiliya kanye kwimihla eyisixhenxe.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuveliswa kwewayini, amaYuda enza umthandazo kunye nomhlatshelo, ngexesha apho isityalo, njengomthetho, senza i-process remaining. Kwakhona, ngamaYuda onke amaninzi athetha ukunxibelelana kunye nezixhobo, le ndlela inentsingiselo ezimbini: i-disinfects yokuqala, yesibini-yonqulo.
NgoMgqibelo, umveliso awusebenzi, ukuba inkqubo yokupheka iwayini ibonwa ngumntu ongaphandle, inkqubo iyaqala kwakhona. Kwaye ukuba kungengomYuda (umFrentshi okanye isiJamani) uthinta iimveliso ezijoliswe ekulungiseleleni iwayini leyo, ngoko iwayini ayiyi-kosher (imigaqo yokuhlanzeka kwemveliso kunye nokutya okunempilo, apha ayidlala indima).
Imithetho kaSirayeli ekudleni kunye nokutya ihambelana ngqo nenkolo yabo, kwaye ayingabantu bakwamanye amazwe, kungenxa yoko akufanele ubize iimveliso ezithile ze-kosher nje ngenxa yokuba zinobuhlobo nobume bendalo.
Ngokuphathelele iziyobisi ezinxilisayo ezilungiselelwe kwiidiliya, apha amaYuda anengcamango yabo: abaninzi abantu bangasebenzisa iziphuzo ezinjalo kwizikolo zonqulo. Ngaloo ndlela, kuya kunokwenzeka ukunqanda iziphuzo ezenziwe kwamanye amajikijolo kunye neziqhamo, kodwa nakhu zivini nje, ngoko sinokugqiba ukuba kuninzi malunga nezithethe zonqulo kunemigaqo yempilo kunye nesondlo.
Ngenxa yoko, kuvela ukuba yonke imimiselo kunye nokuchaswa kweTorah, nangona ngandlela-thile inxulumene nesondlo, yindlela yokholo, kwaye ayinxulumene nokutya okunempilo kunye nezibonelelo zondlo.