Inkcazo.
Belladonna (ngaphandle kwalokho-belladonna) yimizuzu engapheliyo, ummeli weSolanaceae. Ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo zezi zityalo, ezimbini ziqhelekileyo - iCaucasian belladonna kunye ne-belladonna eqhelekileyo (ngaphandle kwangaphandle).
Isityalo sikhula sibe ngamamitha amabini, sinesistim esisisigxina esiphezulu se-branching enkulu. Iimpawu ezinamaqabunga kunye namanzi, ziphuma ezinomthi, umbala ohlaza okomdaka, oqhelekileyo, unobumba obuninzi-ovoid. Iintyatyambo ngeendlela ezifutshane, ezodwa, ezitshizileyo, ezincinci, ezenziwe ngeentsimbi. I-calyx yeentyatyambo inamaqabunga ama-brown-violet amahlanu. Isiqhamo singumnyama omnyama, oqhakazileyo, ococekileyo we-berry kunye nembewu eninzi, okukhumbuza ama-cherry okanye i-cherries. Iibhola ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo, iziqhamo zesityalo zivuthwa ngoJulayi.
Izibilini eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo eNtshona Yurophu, eCrimea, eMoldova, eUkraine. I-Caucasian belladonna ikhula eStvropol naseKrasnodar Territories, e-Iran kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zaseCaucasus. Olunye uhlobo lwe-belladonna, oluchazwe ngeentyantyambo eziphuzi, lukhula kwindawo yokutshisa.
Kwiindawo eziseKrasnodar Krai isityalo sihlwayelwa njengesityalo sonyango. Ngenxa yeempawu zetyhefu ayisetyenzisiwe kumachiza omntu.
Amakhemikhali okwakhiwa kwezityalo.
Ngokwakheko lwe-belladonna, i-alkaloids yechungechunge lwe-tropane yiyona isithako esisebenzayo. Phakathi kwabo, eyona nto iyona i-hyoscyamine, leyo, ngenxa yokuhlukana kwizinto ezibonakalayo, iguqulwe ngokukodwa ukuba i-atropine.
I-belladonna iqulethe nezinye izinto ezinokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo: i-apoatropin, isiqhumane sayo-belladonin, i-scopolamine, isiqhumane sayo-hyoscin, nabanye. Ezi alkaloid ziqulethwe kuzo zonke iindawo zityalo, kodwa umxholo wazo ophezulu unamaqabunga kunye neengcambu. Njengezinto eziphambili zezilwanyana, amaqabunga e-belladonna asetyenziswa kakhulu. Inetyhefu zizonke iinxalenye zesityalo.
Izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo zesityalo.
Ukulungiselela, okubandakanya i-belladonna yezityalo, kunokunciphisa ukufihla kwe-secretion yeengqungquthela ezahlukeneyo: i-lacrimal, igastric, sweat, i-salivary, bronchial, kunye ne-digestive secretions ye-pancreas. Banciphisa imeko ye-spasmodic ye-muscle ehamba kakuhle yegciwane lesisu, i-gallbladder ne-bile ducts.
Impembelelo entliziyweni inokwenzeka ngokuhlukileyo ngokupheleleyo: kokubili okulungileyo (ukwandisa ukuqhutyelwa kwimizi-ventricles yentliziyo yentliziyo esuka kwi-atrium), kunye ne-negative (palpitation eqinile).
Ikhono le-belladonna ukukhulisa ngokubanzi abafundi xa befakiwe bafumene isicelo kwiyeza xa behlola i-fundus. Oku kwandisa uxinzelelo lwe-intraocular kunye nokuphazamisa ukuphuma kwe-intraocular fluid.
Izakhiwo ezingekho phantsi kwe-belladonna.
Esi sityalo kulula ukutyhefuza. Ukucima nokutshisa emlonyeni nasemqaleni, ukuvakala kwezwi, ukungathandekiyo xa uginya kwaye uvakalisa izandi, abafundi abahlanjululwayo abangaphenduli ekukhanyeni, umntu uqala ukubona ngokusondeleyo, intliziyo enamandla: zonke ezi zibonakaliso zetyhefu.
Kukhona ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukushisa kuphakama, ulusu luba luhlaza, lukhukhumele ebusweni, kwimilenze nangaphambili. Kukho iindidi zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo (izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo: ezinombala, ezikhanyayo, ezinemibala ebomvu (iingoma, iidemon) kunye ne-delirium (ukungaqondi kakuhle imeko, iziganeko, ukuziphatha kwabanye). Emva kokufumana utyhefu oluninzi, kukho ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. ukunceda umntu onjalo, uya kufa ngenxa yokubanjwa komzimba nokuphefumla.
Gcoba isisu kwaye unikezele amacwecwe amaninzi e-activated charcoal - into yokuqala yokuyenza xa ubuthi bhubilonna. Ngaphandle kwongenelelo lwezonyango, kunzima ukujamelana nobutyhefu obunjalo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukubiza i-ambulensi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-belladonna kwiyeza.
Kwi-e-pharmacy ungathenga izidakamizwa ezininzi, ezibandakanya i-belladonna: yi-extract ye-belladonna, i-tincture ye-belladonna, kunye ne-bell eyomileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo, ngokukodwa, kudibaniswa nezixhobo ze-antispasmodic: ngesilonda se-duodenal nesisu sesisu, i-cholelithiasis, i-asthma ye-bronchial, i-coal ye-renal kunye nezinye izifo ezihamba kunye nezidumbu zezitho zangaphakathi.
Ngenjongo yokuxilongwa, ukulungiselela i-belladonna kusetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuba kuhlolwe i-fundus yokuxilisa (umfundi ngexesha elifanayo uya kwandisa kwaye i-fundus ibonakala ngokucacileyo).
Izidakamizwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-belladonna zichasene nokunyuka kwe-prostate gland, ukwanda kwengcinezelo ye-intraocular (glaucoma), kunye nokuphulwa kancinci kumsebenzi we-cardiovascular system kunye nezinye izifo. Ukunyamezelana komntu kukunye ukuchasana nokusetyenziswa.
Ngethuba lonyango kunye neziyobisi, i-belladonna kufuneka iphephe ukuqhuba imoto nokwenza imisebenzi efuna umboniso omhle kunye nokunyuswa kwengqondo.
U-Belladonna uyisityalo esiyingozi esinetyhefu. Ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukwakheka kwamachiza athengwa kwikhemisi.