Impawu yeenyanga ezimbini zokuqala ukuya kweenyanga ezintathu zokukhulelwa. Musa nje ukumdibanisa kunye nezifo ezikhethekileyo malunga nabo bonke abafazi abalindele iintsana. Ngokuqhelekileyo bayazivakalisa izibilini, ngamanye amaxesha bahlamba ekuseni, kodwa abachaphazeli imeko jikelele yowesifazane okhulelweyo kwaye abadingi unyango olukhethekileyo. I-toxicosis yokuqala yangoku ihluke kwizifo ngenxa yokuba ukuhlanza kuphindwa kabini ngosuku. Iingcali zibiza ukuba ukuhlanza okungenakukhunjulwa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Kuhamba kunye nokuxhalaba komzimba, ngakumbi isibindi sichaphazelekayo. Ubuthathaka bukhula, i-pulse ihamba ngokukhawuleza, ukushisa komzimba kuphakama, ulusu luba lumile. Umama ozayo uza kulahlekelwa ngamandla. Inyanzeliso yonyango iyafuneka.
I-Gestosis (i-toxicosis efikeleleka)
Le meko iyimpawu yesigxina sokugqibela sokukhulelwa. Unamaqela amaninzi: njengoko isifo sifana, enye idlula enye. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, umama ozayo uza kuvuvukala emilenzeni yakhe, izandla kunye nangomso ebusweni bakhe. Njengomthetho, umiselwe ukutya, apho kucetyiswa ukuba ungadli i-spicy and salty, uphuze ngaphantsi kwaye uthathe ixesha kumaxesha kwaye ulungiselele ukuba ukhulule iintsuku. Kwinqanaba lesibini le-gestosis (nephropathy), uxinzelelo lwegazi luphuma kwimvelaphi ye-edema, kunye neprotheni ibonakala kumchamo. Kodwa nangona umama okhuselekileyo evakalelwa kakuhle, ukunyangwa esibhedlele kukhuthazwa, tk. I-Nephropathy inokungena ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingapheliyo kwi-pre-eclampsia, leyo leyo isongela i-eclampsia-isigaba sokugqibela se-gestosis, xa ibhinqa lilahlekelwa ingqalelo kwaye iqalayo iqala. Iyintoni imbangela ye-preeclampsia kunye ne-eclampsia ayicacisiwe kakuhle. Njengomthetho, i-pre-eclampsia ikhula emva kweveki ye-30 yokukhulelwa. I-toxicosis edala ichaphazela amaninzi amaninzi, kuquka nesibindi.
Iqela leengozi
- ubudala (ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-35);
- ukuba intsapho yayineziganeko zokuxoshwa kwangaphambili;
- isifo sesifo, isifo sikashukela, lupus;
- ukukhulelwa okubanzi;
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa;
- nokukhululeka.
Ukukhulelwa okunzima
Kukho ubuninzi beengxaki ezinqabileyo zokukhulelwa ezibonakalisa ukuhla kwehla ekusebenzeni kwesibindi. Zibeka ingozi yangempela kumama nomntwana ozayo. Ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza kwesi sifo kunye nezizathu zalo kubalulekile ekujonganeni nemiba yokukhulelwa nokukhupha isiphumo sayo.
I-cholestasis ye-Intrahepatic yabesifazane abakhulelweyo
Esi sifo senziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye sidibene kuphela ngokukhulelwa. Kubangelwa isenzo kwisibindi esinempilo somfazi okhulelweyo ophezulu kwi-hormone yesini esetyhini, evuselela inkqubo ye-bile kunye nokukhupha i-excretion. Kukho ubungqina bokuthi i-cholestasis ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abasetyenziselwe ukukhulelwa komlomo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Isi sifo asizulifa. Impendulo yezofuzo kuphela kwiempendulo ze-cholestatic ezingaqhelekanga kwi-hormone yesini esetyhini idluliselwa. I-cholestasis ye-Intrahepatic inokuchaphazeleka naliphi na ixesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kudlalwa kwi-II yesithathu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kweeveki ezi-1-3 emva kokunikezelwa, eso sifo sidlula. Amanyathelo okuthintela i-cholestasis ye-intra-hepatic yabesifazane abakhulelweyo abakho.
Iimpawu
Uphawu oluphambili lwesifo lukhuni lukhuni, apho i-jaundice ingakwazi ukuqhotyoshelweyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, isicupunu, ukuhlanza, intlungu kwi-epigastric region, kaninzi kwi-hypochondrium, kunye nobuthathaka, ukulala, ukuphazamiseka kokulala kungaphazamisa.
Ichaphazela njani ukukhulelwa?
Ngale ntsholongwane, umngcipheko wokubeletha kwangaphambi kokukhula. Iintsana zisoloko zihlushwa yi-hypoxia yobunzima obuhlukahluka. Esi sifo kubandakanya ukuphathwa okukhuselekileyo kokukhulelwa, okuqulethwe unyango lweziyobisi, ukubeka iliso ngokusesikweni komntwana kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuqhuba ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili kwinqanaba le-caesarean.
Isibindi esinamafutha amaninzi sabasetyhini abakhulelweyo
Kunzima, kodwa ngelitye, isifo esingaqhelekanga esinokuthi senzeke ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Inxulumene nempembelelo yemfuza kwi-metabolism ye-fatty acid in mother and fetus. Izifo, njengomthetho, zikhula kwi-II 1 st trimeter, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo - emva kokunikezelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ntsholongwane iyabonakala kwi-primiparous, ngokukhulelwa okubanzi, kunye nakwiimeko zokuphuhliswa kwe-preeclampsia kunye ne-eclampsia. Amanyathelo okuthintela isibindi esinamafutha aphezulu asikho. Ngokuphuhliswa kwesibindi esinamafutha amaninzi, ukukhulelwa kuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqanaba le-caesarean. Ukunikezelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuvumela ukugcina ubomi bomama nomntwana.
Iimpawu
Kukhona isicupunu, ukuhlanza, intlungu kwisisu esisentla, kunye nobuthakathaka obubanzi. Ukuqhubela phambili kokuhluleka kwesibindi kungabangela i-jaundice, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, ukuphuma kwegazi, ukwehla kwishukela yegazi.
Intsholongwane ye-HIV
Le ngxaki ibandakanya izifo zesibindi ezibangelwa usulelo lwe-HIV. Ukwahlula phakathi kwe-hepatitis A, B, C, D, E. I-Hepatitis E ayinqabile eRashiya. Zonke iintsholongwane ze-hepatitis zenza i-hepatitis ekhuhlane emva kokusuleleka, oko kudla ngokuqhekeza! I-Hepatitis A kunye ne-E kuphela ifom ekhangayo kwaye idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Iintsholongwane B, C kunye noD ziyizona zizathu zokuphuhliswa kwesibindi esingapheliyo kwesibindi. Kule meko, ifomu elibi le sifo lihlala lingapheliyo. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ugula nge-hepatitis A kunye no-E, usebenzisa amanzi angcolileyo kunye nokutya, kunye nakwiimeko zokungahambisani nemigangatho yokucoceka. I-Hepatitis B, i-C, D idluliselwa ngokuxutywa kwegazi elikhutshwe ngamanzi kunye nemveliso yalo, iilenki, kunye nokusebenza kwamazinyo. Usulelo lwe-hepatitis B, C, D lufumaneka nakwintlanganiso yesini kunye nomlingane ogulayo. I-Hepatitis B, C, D ingadluliselwa kumntwana.
I-hepatitis evuthayo yentsholongwane
Njengomthetho, i-hepatitis ye-viral hepatitis yenza ukuba abuyele, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, utshintsho kwifomu engapheliyo.
Iimpawu
Ukukhathazeka, ukuhlanza, ukukhululeka kwi-epigastrium, umkhuhlane, ubuthathaka, ukucaphuka, ukuchukumisa okukhulu, umchamo omnyama kunye nolusu oluphuzi.
Impembelelo ekukhulelwe nasekuzalweni
Ukulahleka kwamathambo kunye nokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. Ngethuba lokuzalwa kunye nexesha lokuqala lokuphumla, umngcipheko wegazi ukhula.
Impembelelo kumntwana
Kuninzi kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala lapho owesifazane efumana i-hepatitis. Umngcipheko wokusuleleka komntwana ukwanda ngezifo kwi-3rd trimeter, kunye nakwimeko yomonakalo kwi-placenta. I-Hepatitis B, i-C, okanye i-D ininzi isana isifo sulelwa ngexesha lokuzalwa, ukuba idibene nesikhumba okanye kwiimbrane ezincinci, ngokuthe rhoqo-kwi-utero. Ukuthintela i-hepatitis kwiintsana ezizalwayo kuqhutywe emva kweeyure ezingama-24 emva kokuzalwa ngokugonywa: isitofu sokugonya kunye ne-hymimmune gamma globulin.
I-hepatitis engapheliyo
Kwizigulane ezine-hepatitis ezingapheliyo, ukukhulelwa akuchaphazeli inkqubo yesifo kwaye akukho mngcipheko kumama ozayo. Ngeli xesha, esi sifo sisoloko sichazwa ngumsebenzi ophantsi kunye nobunzima bezinto ezinzima. Ubukho bentsholongwane ka-hepatitis kumama ozayo akuchaphazeli inkqubo yokukhulelwa kunye nesiphumo sayo. I-hepatitis engapheliyo ayinakwandisa umngcipheko wokulahleka kwamathuba omzimba kunye nokuzalwa kwezilwanyana, nokuba yiyona nto ibangela ukungabikho kokuzalwa komntwana kwiintsana.
Izimpawu eziphambili
Ukubamba, ukukhulisa isibindi, ukwandiswa kwetyeni. I-jaundice ene-hepatitis engapheliyo iyinto engavumelekanga-kuphela ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kwesi sifo.
Ingozi yokusuleleka komntwana
Iinkqubo zentsholongwane yintsana ene-hepatitis engapheliyo ifana nesimo esibi sesifo. Usulelo luya kwenzeka, ikakhulu, ngexesha lokuzalwa. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo - kwi-utero. Ukuthintela ukusulelwa kwintsholongwane yintsana ne-hepatitis kunikezelwa ngokugonywa kwiiyure zokuqala emva kokubeletha.
Ngaba ndinokuyondla?
Abasetyhini abanesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-hepatitis A, B kunye no-C banokuncelisa. Ukutya ngokwemvelo akongezeli umngcipheko weentsholongwane zintsana. Kodwa kubalulekile ukubeka ingqalelo intembeko yeengono kunye neembumba zomlomo zomntwana. Ekubeni kuvela ukutyhafa kwegazi, ukulimala kwi-mucosa yosana ukususela ekunceliseni ixesha kufuneka kulahlwe. Ngoku siyazi ukuba zeziphi izifo zesibindi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.