Ukwahlula ukuhluthwa
Ukuhlonywa kwesithuthwane kusekelwe kwindlela yokutshatyalaliswa, ukuguqulwa kwengqondo yomsebenzi kwi-EEG, ukuhlala kwindawo yokugxilwa kwengqondo ekugqibeleni, kubakho naziphi na izinto ezibangelwayo okanye izinto ezinokubangela ukukhupha, kunye nobudala begulane.
Iifom zokuthintela isisu
Ukuhlutha kwesifo sokuhluthwa kwamanzi kuhlulwe ngokwahlukileyo kwaye kuyingxenye.
Ukuqhawula ngokubanzi
Kule meko, kukho ukusasazeka komsebenzi wokuxhamla ukusuka ekujoliswe kuyo ingqondo. Kukho iindidi ezilandelayo:
Ukuthunjwa kwe-tonic-clonic (ukuhlutha okukhulu) - kunye nokulahlekelwa kwengqondo. Kule meko, isigulane sokuqala sikhankanywa kuyo nayiphi na isikhundla, ngoko kukho ukudibanisa komzimba wonke. Kukho ukucoca ngokungabonakaliyo okanye ukuchasana;
• Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-Anon-convulsive generalized (ukuhluthwa kwamancinci) -kuhamba kunye nokulahlekelwa yintliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo nje imizuzwana embalwa, engabonakaliyo.
Ubume obuninzi babantwana, kwaye kunokubonakala ngathi umntwana ucinga nje;
• Ukubanjwa kwe-Atonic - ngokuqhelekileyo kufumaneka kubantwana; ihamba kunye nokuwa ngokukhawuleza;
• Ubume be-styptic - i-seizures iqhubeka rhoqo ngaphandle kwexesha lokubuyiselwa kwengqondo; isiphumo esinokubulala.
Ukuxhatshazwa
Ngokuxhatshazwa ngokukhawuleza, kuphela inxalenye yengqondo echaphazelekayo kwinkqubo yokugula. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibangelwa yi-organic pathology. Ukuthintela ngokukhawuleza kunokudlulela ekubanjweni komntu wonke. Unokuba:
• ukuthatha okulula - isigulane sinokuguqulwa kwindlela yokujonga ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ingqalelo;
• ukuxakeka okunzima - kunye nokulahlekelwa kwengqondo.
Diagnostics
Enye yezindlela zokufumanisa ukuhluthwa yi-electroencephalography (i-EEG). Ii-electrodes ezibekwa kwisikratshi sesigulane sokurekhoda kweemvakalelo zombane eziveliswa yi-cortex yengqondo. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa urhulumente osebenzayo kunye nomsebenzi weeseli zesisindo. Iimvakalelo zomsebenzi wengqondo zivame ukuvela xa umsebenzi odibeneyo weeseli uphazamiseka. Le EEG ibonisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo yomntu onempilo. I-EEG yesigulane esinokuhlutha isifo singakwazi ukufumana amaza kagesi angavamile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo ye-EEG ihlala malunga nemizuzu engama-15, kodwa kwezinye iimeko ayibonakalise utshintsho kwimisebenzi yengqondo yesifo sokuhluthwa. Ngoko ke, ukufumana isiphumo sokuxilongwa, kufuneka kwenziwe izifundo ezininzi ze-EEG.
Anamnesis yesifo
Kufuneka ukuba ufunde imbali epheleleyo yesigulane, kubandakanywa inkcazo yobume kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo kokuthinjelwa. Ukucaciswa kwimeko yokubanjwa kunokukunceda ekuqaliseni uhlobo lokuhluthwa kunye nokuhlaliswa kwendawo yokugxilwa kombane. Ezinye iintlobo zokuthintela zilandelwa yi-aura okuthiwa, kwaye emva kokuhlaselwa isigulane sinokukhalaza ngokudideka, intloko kunye nentlungu kwiimisipha. Inkcazo echanekileyo yokubanjwa kwamangqina ibalulekile kwakhona ukuxilongwa.
Uviwo oluqhubekayo
Kufuneka uviwo olunzulu olunzulu lucacise ukuba ukuxhwaba kunxulumene nokuhluthwa, ukuqinisekiswa kwendalo kunye nokubangela. Ezi zifundo zilandelayo zifuneka:
• Ukubonakalisa i-Epilepsy kuluhlu lweentloko ukuya ekuthinjeni. Ukuqwalaselwa kweempawu ngeentsapho okanye ngabahlobo kunokunceda ekuhlolisweni kwesi sifo.
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukufumana utshintsho kwinqanaba leekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo;
• Ukucatshulwa kwe-magnontic resonance (MRI) - ukubona i-pathology ye-organic brain.
Emva kokuxilongwa kwesifo sokugula, isigulane simiselwe unyango lwe-anticonbulsant. Okwangoku, kukho ezininzi i-anticonvulsants, eziquka i-carbamazepine kunye ne-sodium valproate, kodwa akukho nanye kuzo zonke iindidi zokwehliswa. Ukukhethwa kwe-anticonbulsant kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokuhluthwa, isigulo sesigulane kunye nobukho bokuchasana, njengokukhulelwa. Ekuqaleni, isigulane sinikezelwa umthamo ophantsi weziyobisi, okwenyuka ukude ulawulo olupheleleyo malunga nokutshatyalaliswa. Xa idosi idlulile, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuhliswe imiphumo emibi, ukusuka ekugqweleni ukuya kwizinwele ezingaphezulu. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlolwa kwakhona kuyimfuneko, kukunceda ukhethe imilinganiselo elungileyo, ekubeni umlinganiselo ofanayo weziyobisi ungabangela impembelelo eyahlukileyo kwizigulane ezahlukeneyo.
Unyango o
Unyango oluphandwayo lusetyenziswa namhlanje kwiziganeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu - xa unyango lweyeza lungasebenzi, kwaye ukugxilwa kwe-epalytic brain in the known.
• Ukuba umntu ulahlekelwe ingqondo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, kodwa uyakwazi ukuphefumula ngokuzimeleyo, kubalulekile ukumnika indawo ehleliyo. Oku kuya kuthintela ukuphefumula.
YoNcedo lokuqala
Uncedo lokuqala lwe-tonic-clonic epileptic fit kanje:
• Isikhala esiphathelene nesigulane sikhululwa ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha zombini kunye nomnakekeli;
• Vala izambatho zisuswe;
• Ngaphantsi kwentloko yesigulane, faka into ethe tye;
• Ukuba isiguli asiphefumli, ukuphefumula okufakelwayo kunikwa.
Ngokukhawuleza xa ukuxinwa kumaphethelo ekupheleni, isigulane kufuneka sibekwe kwindawo eqinile. Awukwazi ukubeka nayiphi na emlonyeni wakhe. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kufuneka ubize i-ambulensi, ingakumbi ukuba le yinto yokuqala, yahlala ngaphezu kwemizuzu emithathu okanye isigulane sithole nayiphi na umonakalo. Uninzi lwezigulane eziye zafumana ithuba lokubamba iimeko ezixhamlayo kwimeko yesibini kwiminyaka emibini ezayo. Oku kufuthi kubakho kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuhlaselwa kokuqala. Isigqibo sokukhetha unyango emva kokulungelelaniswa kwesibini kuya kuxhomekeka kwisiphumo esinokuba sisifo kwisigulane somsebenzi kunye nomgangatho wobomi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
Unyango lwonyango lunikeza ukulawula okupheleleyo ekuthinjeni kwaye kunciphise kakhulu imvama yabo kwisithathu sesigulane. Phantse ezibini kwisithathu sezigulane ezinokuhluthwa emva kokufumana ukulawulwa kokuthintela unokuyeka unyango. Nangona kunjalo, iziyobisi kufuneka zihoxiswe ngokuthe ngcembe, ekubeni ukuxhonywa kungaqalisa kwakhona nokuncipha kwinqanaba leziyobisi emzimbeni.
Iinkalo zeNtlalo
Ukuhlanjululwa, ngeshwa, kuyaqondwa ngabaninzi njengoluhlobo lweentlanzi. Ngako oko, izigulane kaninzi azibizi izifo zabo kubahlobo, oogxa kunye nabaqashi, besaba isimo sengqondo esibi kubo.
Zi thintelo
Izigulane ezijongene nokuhluthwa, phakathi kweminye imingcele, zithintela ithuba lokufumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba kwaye zibandakanye kwimisebenzi ethile. Abantwana abanesifo sokuhluthwa akufanele bahlambe okanye bahambe ngebhayisikili ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwabantu abadala. Ngoxilongo oluchanekileyo, unyango olungileyo kunye nokuqapha okuqhelekileyo, ezininzi izigulane zinokubeka iliso kwikhosi yazo. Ukugxekwa kwabantwana abanesithuthwane ngokuqhelekileyo kulungile. Njengezilumkiso, umntwana kufuneka ahlale edlala okanye ahlambe phantsi kolawulo lwabantu abadala.