Igama lohlobo lwegama luguqulelwe kwi-Greek "nerion" njenge "emanzi", "eluhlaza" kwaye ngenxa yemfuneko ye-oleander ekusebenziseni kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Igama lezilwanyana lenziwe ngamagama athi "olso", okuguqulelwa ngokuthi "i-odorous", kunye ne "andros" - iziqithi zaseGrike.
I-Oleander ibhekisela kwisityalo esinetyhefu, kuba iqukethe i-cardiac glycosides, umzekelo oleandrin. Ukusuka kwamagqabi kufumana amalungiselelo ekhoneni kunye neoriolin, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiyeza kunyango lwezifo zenhliziyo. Iintyatyambo ze-oleander ziqhumisa kakhulu, kodwa omnye akufanele akhuphe iqhumiso lakhe ixesha elide, kuba oku kubangela intloko. Kwi-phytodesign esi sityalo sisetyenziswa zombini njengesityalo esisodwa kunye nokudala amaqela eziqulatho. Zihlala zihlotshiswe ngeendawo zangaphakathi zendawo.
Imigaqo yokunyamekelwa kwesityalo
Ukukhanyisa. Iindlu zeNdlu ezikhethiweyo zikhetha iindawo ezikhanyayo, zelanga kunye nokuphuphuma umoya. Kunconywa ukuwabeka kwiifestile ezingasentla. Kwiifestile ezisentla ngasentla, amaqabunga ahlala elahlwa ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhanya. Kule meko, kufuneka ukhiqize ukukhanya okungeziwe usebenzisa izibane zokukhanya. Ehlotyeni kunconywa ukuba uphume kwi-veranda okanye kwibhalkoni, ushiye kwindawo enelanga kunye ne-air vent. Qaphela imvula kwi-oleander. Ukuba akukho ndlela yokuthwala isityalo kwindawo evulekileyo, ke le nqubo ingathatyathwa ngokushushumbisa rhoqo kwigumbi. Ebusika, i-oleander iphinda ifune ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Kufaka kule njongo izibane ezincinane zeplawurescent: 60-70 cm ngaphezu kwesi sityalo. Bandakanya nabo iiyure eziyi-7-8 ngosuku. Kwixesha lekwindla-ebusika, amagumbi kufuneka abe nokuphuza umoya, ugweme amaqhosha. Ukuba i-oleander iqala ukulahla amahlamvu, oku kubonisa ukungabikho kokukhanyisa. Khumbula ukuba ukuba isityalo sele sakhula ngokukhanya okuphantsi, kufuneka ukuba ngokukhawuleza siqhele ukukhanya okukhulu.
Ulawulo lokushisa. Ngentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, isityalo sithanda ukushisa kwemoya kwi-20-27 ° C kunye nokufikelela rhoqo emoyeni omtsha. Ngekwindla, izinga lokushisa liyehliswa ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwi-15-18 ° C, kwaye ebusika zigcinwa zipholile (8-15 ° C), kodwa ziindawo ezibheke kakuhle. Phakathi koMatshi, ukushisa okungenani kwi-16 ° C kukhethwa.
Ukunisela. Ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, i-oleander kufuneka ilingiswe ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba umgca ophezulu womhlaba usomile. Ngonyaka oshisayo kucetyiswa ukuba ushiye amanzi epanini. Ukunkcenkceshela kwenziwa ngamanzi alula. Ubushushu bayo bube malunga no-2-3 ° C ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa. Kwixesha lekwindla-ebusika, isityalo sinconywa ukuba sinamanzi ngokulinganisela, singavumeli umhlaba ukuba udibanise kunye nokubola kweengcambu. Amanzi afanele abe rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-2-3 emva komgca ophezulu we-substrate. Khumbula ukuba i-oleander iyakwazi ukumiswa kwe-coma. Ebusika, kuyinqweneleka ukutshiza isityalo ngamanzi kwiqondo lokushisa, ngenxa yokuba izimo zomoya ezomileyo iziphakamiso zamagqabi amile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukondla i-oleander kunconywa ngexesha lentsasa-sehlobo, kusetyenziswa i-organic organic and mineral fertilizers. Zisetyenziselwa enye enye iiveki 1-2. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufuneka kwenziwe kwiintsuku ezinamafu emva kwesigamu seyure emva kokunisela.
Ukuprintwa. Ukusuka ekutheni izihlahla zixhomekeke kwindlela i-oleander eluhlaza izakuqhakaza ngayo. Yenzelwa emva kokusila, ukuciphisa amahlumela malunga nesiqingatha. Oku kwenza kube lula ukukhula amahlumela eneminyaka elilodwa, ekupheleni kweentyatyambo. Amacembe atyala awanqunyulwa kwaye atyalwe, atyathele kakuhle. I-oleanders eziqhakazileyo phantsi kweentyatyambo zeentyatyambo zivela ezihlahleni zityalo. Kufuneka bahlulwe, njengoko bephazamisa ukuphuhliswa kwezintso. Ukuba isityalo asiqhiphuki ixesha elide, sithetha ngokunciphisa amandla, ukukhanya okwaneleyo, nokungabikho kokutya kunye nokunyameka. Ukufakelwa, ixesha elifanelekileyo liphakathi kokuphela kukaMeyi kunye nokuqala kukaJuni. Ukulungiselela izityalo ezincinci zenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka, kubantu abadala - yonke iminyaka 2-3. Ukuze kuphuculwe kakuhle, i-oleander kufuneka iyancitshiswe ngotywala yodongwe, kuba xa ukutsalwa kweengcambu ezindala kufutshane. Ukutshala izityalo zomntu omdala ubunzima obukhulu kunzima. Kule meko, inqubo isetyenziselwa ukufaka indawo yendawo engaphezulu ngokutsha okanye utshintsho. Iingcambu ezincitshisiweyo kufuneka zifefe nge-charcoal. Umhlaba osetshenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwe-loamy, i-acidity malunga ne-6. Ngamanye amaxesha umxube we-1 iqela leqabunga, ii-2 parts turf umhlaba kunye ne-1 part peat, humus, isanti, kunye nokongeza i-horn shavings. Kunconywa ukuba wenze imithombo emihle.
Ezi zityalo zangaphakathi zisasazwa ngendalo (ngeengqimba zomoya kunye nezicucu) kwaye zincinci ngembewu.
Ukuqapha: Khumbula ukuba izityalo ze-oleander zinejusi enetyhefu. Qaphela xa usebenza nabo kwaye usebenzise iiglavu. Akukhuthazwa ukuba uqale i-oleander ukuba kukho abantwana ngaphakathi kwindlu. I-oleander eyingozi kakhulu yeenkukhu. Emva kokusebenza kunye nesityalo, musa ukulibala ukuhlamba izandla kakuhle ngeesepha namanzi. Akukhuthazwa ukuba uhlale ixesha elide ecaleni kwe-oleander ekhulayo kwaye ngokukhethekileyo ukuchitha ubusuku ebumbini apho luqhakaza khona. Inetyhefu ayikho nje inxalenye eluhlaza yesityalo, kodwa iintyatyambo neziqhamo. Gcina abantwana emilonyeni yabo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-oleander kubangela ukuhlanza, isisu esisiphazamisayo, intlungu yesisu, ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo, ukuzondla, ukuxuba abafundi kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla. Ungavumeli ijusi ye-oleander ifike kwiilonda.
Inkathazo yokunyamekela
I-Oleander - izityalo ezithi, xa kukho ukungabikho kokukhanya, musa ukuqhakaza, kwaye ebusika zilahlwa ngamagqabi. Ukukhawuleka kwemifuno ye-oleander bushes kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhanya kunye nokutya, ukungabikho kokunciphisa nokunqongophala okwaneleyo. Abahluphekileyo kwisifo esithile, esibizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza we-oleander.
Izinambuzane: i-scutellum, i-chervets, i-aphids, i-spider mites.