Ukungabi nesinyithi emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelweyo


Ukungabi nesinyithi emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelweyo okanye i-anemia yenye yezona zifo eziqhelekileyo abafazi "abasesikhundleni". Ngokwezibalo, phantse bonke abesithathu abasetyhini abakhulelweyo banesifo esibomvu sesibalo segazi okanye ubunzima be-hemoglobin. Kwi-95-98% yamatyala, eso sifo sidibene nokusilela emzimbeni wesinyithi, esiyinxalenye ye-hemoglobin. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-iron anemia kunye neemeko zayo phakathi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kuye kwanda malunga nama-7 kwimizuzu eyi-15 edlulileyo.

Ngelishwa, uninzi lwabantu aluboni ukuba luyimfuneko yokunyanga i-anemia, kwaye ezininzi izigulane zithintela umonakalo obangela ukuba i-anemia ingenise kwimpilo. Kodwa esichengeni akuyona nje impilo yemama, kodwa imeko kunye nobomi bomntwana ongakazalwa. Indima ephambili ekuphuhliseni ukusilela kwesebe yinqanaba le-hemoglobin kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezihambisa i-oxygen kuwo wonke umzimba. Njengokuba akukho mntu unokuziva efanelekileyo kwaye enempilo kwindawo ephihliweyo, engenakunyulwa ngomoya ococekileyo, kwaye zonke izitho kunye nezicubu ze-anemia azikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa ye-oksijini yindlala. Akunakukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ngokupheleleyo.

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, imeko iyanzima ngento yokuba oomama ababini kunye nomntwana ozayo sele behlupheke: ukungabikho kwe-oksijini kubonakaliswa kanye ngeentliziyo ezimbini, izintso ezine, iimbini zombini, njl njl. Imfuno ebalulekileyo yokuphuhliswa kwesinyithi emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelweyo yindoda yokwanda kwelo qela ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Yintoni oyifunayo isinyithi?

Intsimbi yinto ebaluleke kakhulu engena emzimbeni womntu ngokutya. Ukutya kunye nomxholo we-2000-2500 kcal, udliwe emini, iqulethe i-10-15 mg yesinyithi, kodwa ngelanga, ukusuka kwiphepha lesisu, akukho ngaphezu kwe-2 mg engangena kwigazi-lo ngumda wokubanjwa kwale mineralali. Ngaloo ndlela, ye-2 mg yesinyithi ingena emzimbeni imihla ngemihla, isiqingatha siphelile kwaye emva koko sidityaniswe emcinini, iifesi, ngoko ke, ngomgca we-epithelium yesikhumba, ngokulahlekelwa yintlungu. Ukongeza kule nto ukulahlekelwa kwintsimbi ngexabiso lentengo ye-hemoglobin eyongezelelweyo (malunga ne-400 mg ngexesha lokukhulelwa) kwimisipha yophuhliso lwe-fetus ne-placenta (300 mg) kunye nokuhlangabezana nezinye iimfuno zalolu hlobo kumabhinqa abakhulelweyo kunye nokulahlekelwa yinyithi ngexesha lokusebenza (230 mg) kunye kulusa umntwana! Kucacile ukuba ngokusasazwa okunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo isidingo sesinyithi ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokugqithiseleyo lidlula ubuninzi bokubanjwa kwawo ekudleni, sisona sizathu sokungabi ncitshulwa emzimbeni womfazi okhulelweyo.

Kutheni ndifuna insimbi emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelwe?

Umthwalo emzimbeni ngexesha lokuzala umntwana ukwandisa amaxesha amaninzi. Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukuphefumula kuya kuba msinya, iintso zisebenza ngokugqithiseleyo ukuqinisekisa iinkqubo zemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomama kunye nomntwana. Kodwa ukuba uqaphele lo mbutho owandisiweyo, i-oxygen efunekayo. I-oksijeni, kwakhona, ingahanjiswa kwimizimba kuphela ngoncedo lwe-hemoglobin, efumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi-erythrocytes. Ngokunyuka komthwalo emzimbeni, imfuno yakhe ye-oxygen, kwaye ngenxa yoko, isinyithi iphakama.

Akukho mfihlelo ukuba, ngokuhambelana nokukhula nophuhliso lwe-fetus, ubele lukhula, inani kunye nobukhulu befiber muscle eyenza isibeletho sikhula. Isinyithi siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamathambo esisiphako. Ngoko ngokukhula kwesibeleko, imfuno yesinyithi iya kuba phezulu. I-Iron nayo iyimfuneko yokwakheka ngokufanelekileyo kwepentecenta, apho iimfuno ezibalulekileyo ze-fetus ziyazaliseka.

I-Iron nayo iyimfuneko ekuphuhliseni imisipha kunye nezinye iifubus ze-fetal. Sekuqaleni kwekota yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ukwakheka kwenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi kunye negazi lomfayo kuqala, kwaye ngenxa yoko, imfuno yesinyithi iya kwandisa.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwesinyithi:

1. Iqondo elincinci lensimbi egcinwe emzimbeni womfazi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yoku:

- ixesha lomfazi okhulelweyo (ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 nangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35);

ukungondleki kakuhle kunye nomxholo we-vitamin ophantsi kokutya;

- iingxaki zesisu esiswini, isibindi, esithintela ukutyunjwa kwesinyithi kunye nokuthutha kwimizimba kunye nezicubu;

isifo esiqinileyo nesigxina;

izifo ze-hormonal kunye ne-contraceptional hormonal;

ezinzima kunye / okanye ixesha elide lokuya esikhathini;

- iziganeko ezithile zobomi (uterine i-myoma, endometriosis);

- Ukusuka kwamanzi, kunye nokunye;

utywala obungapheliyo.

2. Ukukhulelwa kwamaninzi. Kuye, isidingo sokutya iimveliso ezinesinyithi kunye namalungiselelo aphezulu kakhulu kunokuba umntu ozalwa ngumntwana.

3. Isikhathi esaneleyo phakathi kokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ukubeletha kunye nokulahlwa, umfazi ulahlekelwa malunga ne-1 g yentsimbi (700-900 mg). Ixabiso elinjalo lokulahlekelwa liyakubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo emva kweminyaka engama-4-5. Yingakho, xa ukukhulelwa okulandelayo kwenzeka ngaphambi kweli xesha, kuninzi amathuba okuphuhlisa ukungabi ncitshulwa kwesinyithi okanye i-anemia. Ukongeza, eso sifo siya kwenzeka ngokukwenzekayo kumfazi onabantwana abane.

Iimpawu eziphambili zentsimbi ye-anemia

- Ubuthathaka, ukukhathala, ukulala;

- Ukulahlekelwa kwememori kunye nokusebenza;

- Utywala, i-asterisk phambi kwamehlo kunye nentloko;

- Utshintsho olutshanje kwiinkozo kunye novumba (uqala ukuziva ucofa elibukhali, njenge-acetone, i-benzene, ukufumana isifiso esingenakulinganiswa sokutya isitya, i-toothpaste, njl.);

- Ukulahleka kwesidlo;

- Ikhumba elisikiweyo kunye neembumba ezinamaqabunga;

- Ngesikhumba esomileyo, ukunyanzeliswa kwemilomo, iintende zezandla kunye neengqumbo ngamanye amaxesha kuyabonwa;

- Ukuqulunqwa kunye nokulahleka kweenwele;

- Izikhonkwane eziphukileyo;

- Iingxaki ngamazinyo;

- Ukutyunjwa okanye urhudo;

- Atrophic gastritis;

- Stomatitis;

- Ukuvakalelwa kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, intlungu entliziyweni kunye nokukhawuleza kwepilisi;

- Ukungcola ngokungabonakali ngexesha lokuhleka, ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula, ukulala;

- Izifo zeCatarrhal.

Kutheni i-anemia iyingozi ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ukuphuhliswa kwe-anemia kumfazi wesithathu okhulelwe kubangela ingxaki engathandekiyo, njengokwehluleka kwazo zonke izitho kunye nezicubu. Ingqondo kunye nentliziyo zisebenza kakuhle, akukho igazi elaneleyo (kwaye ngoko i-oksijeni) idluliselwe kwezinye izitho, isibindi senza amaprotheni amancinci, oko kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukudala iiseli ezahlukeneyo. Emzimbeni kunemveliso enobuthi enobungozi obungena kwi-placenta kwaye inokulimaza umntwana. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwesinyithi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo banesifo esiqhekezayo. Ayikho ingozi engaphantsi kweziphumo ezilandelayo ze-anemia:

Iprophylaxis yokunqongophala kwesinyithi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo

Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ngokugqithiseleyo umbandela wokulungiselela ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Kubalulekile ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo kwizifo ezingapheliyo, ukubuyisela iziqhamo eziqhelekileyo zamathumbu, ukulungelelanisa umjikelezo wesini nokuzalisa ukungabi nesebe, ukuba kukho.

Ukuqwalasela ngokukodwa, kokubili ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye ngaphambi kokuba kunikwe i-calori epheleleyo kunye nokutya okunokulinganisela. Ukutya kufuneka kube neeprotheni eziphezulu zezilwanyana ezivela kwimveliso, njengemikhiqizo yokutya iqulethe ininzi.

Ngendlela, isinyithi evela kwimveliso yenyama ixhaswa ngumzimba womntu (ukuya kuma-25-30%), ngelixa ezinye iimveliso zenyama yezilwanyana - amaqanda, iintlanzi - kuphela i-10-15%, kunye negazi elisuka kumathambo esiswini, 5% yentsimbi. Ziziphi iimveliso ezidinga ingqalelo ekhethekileyo? Isonka se-Rye, amaqanda (ikakhulukazi izikhupha), i-soy, iimbotyi, iimbotyi, i-cocoa, ubisi, ushizi, kunye nenkomo, i-turkey, inyama yenkomo kunye nesibindi sesibindi, intliziyo, i-cottage shizi, ukhilimu omuncu, ukhilimu. Hlaba isitroti, i-mokopu, iklabishi, igromegranate, iiplates ezihlaza, i-parsley, isipinashi, i-oatmeal, i-apricots ezomileyo, i-almonds. Ukutya kufuneka kufake imifuno enobusi kunye nobusi, ukuba awunayo i-allergies.

Isilumkiso: Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza xa kusweleka kwetyana kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngokusemthethweni ugqirha! Ngokuqhelekileyo ukutyunjwa kwamalungiselelo ensimbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuboniswe kubafazi abanomngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo. Ngeli xesha, ukutyiwa kwamanani amancinci esinyithi kunconywa kwizifundo zeveki ezi-2-3, ukususela kwiveki yesi-14 ukuya kwe-16 yokukhulelwa.

Ukukhulelwa nge-anemia yokunqongophala kwesinyithi, kuyimfuneko ukuba kungalungi ukulungisa ukutya, kodwa nokuthatha izidakamizwa zamachiza. Kwaye ngoku kubonakaliswe ukuba lesi sifo asikwazi ukuphiliswa kuphela ngeemveliso ezinotye. Ukuxinwa okuphezulu kweentsimbi, ezinokuthi zixutywe ekudleni-ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-2.5 mg ngosuku. Nangona iziyobisi zingandisa ukwanda kwenani lentsimbi kwixesha eli-15-20.

Unyango lwe-anemia kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lugqirha. Kwimeko nganye, ugqirha ukhetha izidakamizwa ezifanelekileyo, umyinge, ukuqwalasela ukuphindaphinda, kunye nokubeka esweni ukuphumelela kwonyango usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Le nkqubo ininzi kakhulu ithatha isilinganiso samaviki ama-5-8, kwaye konke ukusetyenziswa kunye kunye nokulungiselela kufuneka kuqhubeke ixesha elithile emva kokuqulatheka kwe-hemoglobin egazini kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Iipilisi eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo eziqukethe isinyithi, kwaye zingenayo injections. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwegazi malunga nokuphelelwa kwesifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ngokweengcali.

Ukukhulelwa kwe-anemia ngexesha lokukhulelwa akuchaphazeli kuphela umzimba womama, kodwa kunye nomntwana okhulayo. Ukunyangwa kwesi sifo kuyinkqubo ende kwaye inzima. Kulula kakhulu ukuzama ukukhusela ukubonakala kwentsimbi emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelweyo kunokunyanga emva koko.