Ziyiphi i antibiotics engayisebenzisela abafazi abakhulelweyo?

Isimo sengqondo sokulwa namachiza kumama amaninzi akalindelayo aphikisayo: kukholelwa ukuba bayalimaza umntwana. Kodwa ezo nkxalabo zichanekile kuphela ngokuzenzela unyango okanye ukungeniswa okungalawulwayo. Kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, i-antibiotics yomama ozayo yabekwa kuphela kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu: i-cholecystitis ephawulekayo, i-appendicitis ephawulekayo, i-peritonitis, i-pneumonia, i-bacterial infections ye-stastrostestinal tract (salmonellosis, yersiniosis).

Ngeli xesha, i-placenta yenziwa kwaye zonke izitho kunye nezicubu zomntwana zibekiwe, ngoko ingozi yokuphuhliswa kakubi kumntwana iphezulu. Ziziphi i-antibiotics ezithatha ibhinqa elikhulelweyo, funda kwinqaku ngesihloko esithi "Ziziphi i-antibiotics engayisebenzisela abafazi abakhulelweyo".

Ngaloo nto engqondweni, oogqirha babonelela ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo ze-antibiotics eziye zavavanywa ngexesha. Kwiimviwo ze-II ne-III, isizathu sokusetyenziswa kwezi zi yobisi zingabangela ukunyanzeliswa kwezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-pyelonephritis kunye ne-cystitis, "yavuswa" izifo, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, unyango lwe-gonococcal), kunye ne-chorioamnionitis - ukuvuvukala kweembrane ngenxa yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane . Emva kweveki le-12, xa iqela elibalulekileyo lokuphuhliswa kwengane lidlulileyo, uludwe lwezilwanyana ezisetyenziselwa ukhathaza oomama abanokuza kwandiswa. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-antibiotics, kwaye akuzona zonke ezivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngendlela yokuthatha isenzo kumayeza okusuleleka, izi yobisi ziyi-bactericidal kunye ne-bacteriostatic. Iyokuqala yokubulala iindiza ezinobungozi, okwesibini ukuyeka ukukhula kwabo. Uluhlu lwezenzo zamachiza okulwa namachiza anokuthi ahluke. Ngeli pharamitha, bahlula kwiiklasi eziyi-5, nganye elwa nokulwa nolunye uhlobo lweebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, iintsholongwane zee-antibiotics zihluke kwiimichiza zazo, zihlahlela kumaqela angama-12. Uninzi lwabo lunempembelelo emzimbeni womfazi, kunye nophuhliso lomntwana. Amaqela amathathu e-antibiotic angenayo imiphumo emibi kumntwana yi-moms ezayo: iqela le-penicillins (penicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin), iqela le-cephalosparines (cefazolin, cefotaxime) kunye neqela le-macrolide (erythromycin, josa-mizin). Kwi-trimester yokuqala, xa umntwana usengozini, oogqirha bazama ukufumana i-penicillins kunye ne-cephalosporins. Emva kweveki le-12, i-macrolides ingasetyenziswa. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba liphi ixesha, isigxina kufuneka sikhethwe kuphela ngugqirha.

Amaqela asele e-antibiotics kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo aphikisana, kwaye ngenxa yoko kukho izizathu ezinyanzelisayo. I-Aminoglycosides (streptomycin, gentamicin) iyaphazamisa ukuphuhliswa kwezintso kunye neengxaki zokuvalelwa komntwana. I-Sulfonamides (ebandakanya, ngokukodwa, ithandwa kakhulu ngonyango lwe-bronchitis biseptol) inokukhuphaza kakhulu umonakalo kwi-hematopoietic system. I-Tetracyclines, eyaziwayo kubantu abaninzi ukusuka ebuntwaneni (i-tetracycline, doxycycline, vibramycin), inokulimaza isibindi kunye nomama kunye nosana, kwaye umntwana angabangela umonakalo ongenakunqunyulwa kwiozinyo zezinyo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhula kwamathambo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umbuzo uvela malunga nobomi nokufa, oogqirha basindisa umfazi nangayiphi na indlela, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngabaphikisana. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi eziyingozi kwintsana, kunokufuneka ukuba izifo ezongela ukufa (sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis). Ngexesha elibalulekileyo kwisistim somzimba sokuzikhusela komzimba esabangelwa yimvelo yokulondolozwa, ngoko ngoko umzimba ngamfazi ngamanye amaxesha ulahleka ukukhulelwa, kwaye iyeza alinanto yokwenza nalo.

I dose enkulu

Xa ukhethwa ngumama wexesha elizayo naliphi na iziyobisi, kuquka i-antibiotics, oogqirha kufuneka bathathe ingqalelo utshintsho olubalulekileyo olwenzeka emzimbeni wakhe. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umthamo wokujikeleza kwegazi ukhula, kwaye iintso ziqala ukuthatha iyeza ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukufezekisa impembelelo yokwelapha, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka bakhulise i-dose yeziyobisi okanye ulawulo lwayo. Ukuba kwimiqulu enjalo kunye neshedyuli yonyango ibonakale kunokuba yinto engenakonakalisa, kuyinqweneleka ukwenza uhlalutyo kwi-antibiotics - isityalo se-bacteriological. Izinto ezifunyenweyo zophando zithathwe kwiindawo zokuhlala zebhaktiriya ezibangelwa isifo. Iyakwazi ukuhlwayela emqaleni, ukuhlwayela i-microflora yesisu kwisisu somlomo, ukuhlwayela umchamo okanye igazi. Kodwa iziphumo kufuneka zilinde ixesha elide (ukususela kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwi-10), ngoko ke kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, akukho nanye ixesha lokuqhuba uhlalutyo olunjalo.

Njengawo nawaphi na amayeza, yonke i-antibiotic ineempembelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zidakamizwa zibangele ukunyuka. Oku kubangelwa kukuba ebudeni bobubomi sibafumana ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokuba sicinga. I-antibiotics imiselwe ukuba i-angina, ininzi "yobuntwaneni" kunye nezifo zomzimba. Ezi zi yobisi ziphathwa ngokunyamekayo ngemfuyo, ngoko zikhoyo zobisi kunye nenyama, esiyidlayo. Kule minyaka, umzimba unethuba lokuhlakulela ama-antibiotikthi ekuphenduleni komzimba ngokumalunga ne-allergies, kwaye kulo mzekelo ugqirha kufuneka bakhethe ngokuchanekileyo unyango. Olunye umncinci wee-antibiotics: ababulali nje kuphela iibhaktheriya eziyingozi, kodwa banokutshabalalisa i-microbial flora kwi-intestine nasesiswini. Oku kungakhokelela ekukhuselweni komzimba, kwaye emva koko uqale umthambo we-intestinal dysbiosis okanye izifo zamathumbu (isisu, isifo sohudo). Ngethamsanqa, kulula kakhulu ukuqeda le nkathazo: lwanele ngokufana nokuthatha ii-antibiotiki kunye nokuthatha iiprobiotics kwiiveki ezi-2 emva kokuphela kwekhosi (i-Lineks, LEK, i-Bifiform, i-Ferrosan, i-Bifidumbacterin, i-Acipol, i-Atzilact) - iziyobisi ezibuyisela izityalo zamathumbu kunye nesiswini, kunye udle iimveliso zobisi. Ngoku siyazi ukuba yeyiphi i-antibiotics engasetyenziswa ngabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.