Iyintoni iR Rh? Iprotheni ephezulu kumaseli egazi (i-erythrocyte). Abo bantu abanakho abakhupha i-Rh factor. Abo bantu abangenayo iprotheni egazini labo bangama-Rh. Kwaye kwafunyanwa ukuba i-Rh ingqinisiso engama-20% abantu.
Kwimeko apho kunokungahambelani komama nomntwana kwi-Rh factor, ukubunjwa kwemizimba echasayo kungaqala ngokusemzimbeni kumfazi okhulelweyo.
Kwaye akukho nengozi yokungahambelani kwiR Rh inkcazo yomama nomntwana, ukuba ngaba bobabini nobawo bangama-Rh okanye nokuba unina unesimo esihle seR Rh. Kwakhona, ukuba umntwana uzuza ilifa lazo zombini zabazali ngexesha elifanayo, ngoko akukho nto i-Rhesus-conflict.
Njani ukungahambelani komama nomntwana kwi-Rh factor?
Emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelweyo, njengoko kushiwo ngaphambili, kukho imfazwe yaseRhesus, ngenxa yoko, kumzimba womama, ama-antibodies ase-Rh akhiqizwa - iiprotheni ezikhethekileyo. Kule meko, oogqirha bafaka ibhinqa efunyanwe ne-rhesus-sensitization.
I-Rhesus antibodies nayo ingabonakala emzimbeni womfazi emva kokukhipha isisu, emva kokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, emva kokuzalwa kokuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwindoda engummiselo we-Rh uqhubeka ngaphandle kweengxaki. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kokuqala kuphazamiseka, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-Rh-ukukhushulwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa okulandelayo kukhula. Ngaphezu koko, ukuxilongwa akuyona yingozi kumzimba wesifazane nangayiphi na indlela. Kodwa, ukungena kwi-blood fetal, i-Rhesus antibodies inokutshabalalisa i-erythrocyte yayo, okubangelwa i-anemia yintsana, ukuphazamiseka kokuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ezibalulekileyo kunye nezitho zomntwana. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-fetus ne-Rh antibodies kuthiwa yi-hemolytic disease. Imiphumo emibi kakhulu yokungahambelani komama nomntwana kunye ne-rezu factor yikuzalwa komntwana ongenako ukuphila. Kwiimeko ezininzi zincinci, umntwana uzalwa ene-jaundice okanye i-anemia.
Abantwana abazalwe ngeempawu zesifo se-hemolytic badinga ukunakekelwa kwangonyango ngokukhawuleza-ukumpontshelwa igazi.
Ukuze ugweme imiphumo emibi yokungahambelani komama nomntwana kwi-Rh factor, kufuneka uqale uqhagamshelane nokubonisana kwabasetyhini, apho uya kuhanjiswa kuzo zonke iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko. Ukuba iziphumo zeemvavanyo zibonakalisa ukuba unendawo engalunganga yeR Rh, uza kufakwa kwi-akhawunti ekhethekileyo kwaye uya kuhlola rhoqo ukuba khona kwama-antibodies ase-Rh egazini. Ukuba ngaba i-antibodies ifunyenwe, uya kubelwa kwiziko elikhethekileyo.
Ngoku ke isifo se-hemolytic yomntwana sifumene sele siseziqaleni zokuqala. Umntwana uncedwa ukuba aphile kwisibeleko sikamama esebenzisa igazi lokuxilongwa kwegazi. Ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound ngokusebenzisa udonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu lomfazi, umntwana uthululelwa emthonjeni ukuya kumgca we-umbilical ukuya kuma-50ml omncedi wegazi obomvu, ukuze umntwana aqhubeke ngokuqhelekileyo de kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa.
Xa ibhinqa elingenayo i-Rh elinomntwana ene-Rh ebonakalayo, i-antiresus gamma globulin ifakwe kwi-intravenously kwiiyure ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ngokuncediswa kwesi silwanyana kumzimba womama, ukuveliswa kwee-antibodies kuyayeka.