Into emangalisayo: ubunzima, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukukhula apho umntwana azalwa khona, kuba ngaphezu kwezi zikhombisi apho i-crumb ikhutshwa esibhedlele. Ziya phi phi iigrama ezixabisekileyo kunye nama-millimeters? Masibhale ndawonye!
Baphi - imida yomgangatho?
Bafanisana nabantwana, bazalwa ngobunzima bomzimba bama-2600 ukuya ku-4000 g kunye nokwanda kwe-46 ukuya ku-56 cm. Kule meko, kungekhona nje ukulinganisela okuphezulu kokuphakama nokulinganisa kubalulekile, kodwa kwakhona umlinganiselo walezi xabiso - abasebenzi bezibhedlele zokubeletha, usebenzisa i-Quetelet yekhowudi. Masithi umntwana wazalwa enesisindo esingama-3250 g kunye nokwanda kwe-50 cm. Ukwahlula inamba yokuqala ngowesibili, ufumana u-65. Nesiqhelo sesisindo, ukuphakama kunye nesalathisi somntwana kuvela kuma-60 ukuya kuma-70. Jabulela le meko, esi sibonakaliso esihle kakhulu. Emva koko, ukuba umntwana ubonakalise ubunqongophala obuninzi ngokumalunga nokukhula (Inkcazo yeCetetel engaphantsi kwe-60), kuya kuba yonyango lokuxilongwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, sithetha ngokungondleki kwe-intrauterine-ukunciphisa ukutya okunomsoco, kwizizathu zokugqithisa ugqirha.
Nceda uqaphele: zonke izibalo ezinikwe apha zisebenza kuphela kumntwana wesikhathi esigcwele ozalelwe ngexesha.
I-bogatyrs yangempela kwi-diapers
Abantwana ababalwe xa bezalwa ngaphezu kwe-4 kg, kuthathwa njengento enkulu. Ngethuba elidlulileyo, abantwana basekhaya babesabisa uMama, bememezela ukuba umntwana onjalo-umviwa othe ngqo kwi-diabetes. Enyanisweni, yonke into ayimbi kakhulu. Umgaqo oyintloko - ukuhambelana nayo yonke ingqiqo. Okokuqala, sithetha ngesondlo. Ukuba awuwusondli umntwana, ungawuthandi, ukhusele ngokuthe ngqo ukusuleleka kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuziphatha ngendlela esebenzayo, isongelo sesifo sikashukela singancitshiswa. Ukuphakama, ukuphakama nokusebenza komntwana kubangelwa imisebenzi yengqondo kumzimba omncinci.
Ucwaningo lwangosayensi lwenzululwazi lubonisa ukuba isongelo esinjalo siphezulu kwiimvumba ezilinganiswe ekuzalweni ngaphantsi kwama-2500 g. Emva koko, zidluliselwa kwisondlo esomelezayo, kwaye nangona xa umzimba ubuyela kwisimo esiqhelekileyo, utyhilo oluthile luqhubeka: Umama usetyenziselwa ukunyusa umntwana - emva koko Wazalelwa kakhulu! Simele sizame ukuphepha le mpazamo nganoma iyiphi indlela!
Icebiso
Ngaba unayo iqhawe? Okokuqala, qaphela impilo yakho. Yiya kugqirha uze ukhangele umxholo weshukela egazini, yenza uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-biochemical kwi-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated-lo mboniso ubonisa ukuguqulwa kwamanqanaba e-glucose kwizinto ezinamandla. Inyaniso kukuba ukuzalwa komntwana omkhulu kunokuba kuthathwa njengempawu ebangelwa i-carbohydrates metabolism yomama ngokwawo kwaye kubangela oogqirha ukuba bangafaki isifo sikashukela esifanelekileyo.
Siyicinga ukulahlekelwa kunye nenzuzo
Ubunzima, ukuphakama kunye neenkalathisi zentsana eziboniswe kwirekhodi yezobugqirha apho akhululwa esibhedlele sokubeleka, njengomthetho, ahlala esingaphantsi kwelo azalwa ngalo. Ukwehla okunjalo kumzimba wonyango kwilwimi yezokwelapha kuthiwa ngumzimba. Ungesabi - yinkqubo yendalo ehleliwe yendalo. Inxulumene nelokuba inkunzi yeli xesha isebenza ngentsholongwane kunye namathumbu, ngaphezu koko, inxalenye yamanzi equlethwe ngumzimba wengane iphuphuma kwiindawo eziphezulu zesikhumba nemiphunga ngexesha lokuphefumula, kodwa isadla kakhulu kakhulu! Emva kwakho konke, kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu iintsuku ezingenayo ubisi, kodwa i-colostrum iyinxalenye yokutya okunesondlo equkethe iiprotheni ezininzi, amafutha kunye ne-carbohydrate kumyinge ophantsi. Ngoko ilahleko eziqhelekileyo zidlulile ukuhamba. Nangona kunjalo, emva kweentsuku ezingama-3-5, i-crumb iya kuqala ukubuyisela ilahlekileyo.
Into ephambili kukuba ubunzima bomzimba, ubunzima, ukuphakama kunye nesisindo somntwana akufanele sinciphise ngo-6-8%, kwaye ukuba umntwana abuyele ubunzima bakhe bokuqala ngomhla wesi-7 we-10 wokuphila, kwaye ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala uyongeza enye 400-600 g, 200-250 g ngeveki. Kodwa ngenyanga yesibini abantwana banokuzuza i-900-1100 g, ukuhlawula ukulahlekelwa kwemithwalo yemvelo, kunye neyesithathu-ngaphezulu kwe-750. Ngenyanga yesi-4-5 ubukhulu bomzimba buphindwe kabini, kwaye ngosuku luhamba ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ngokulinganisa lufikelela kwi-10,5 kg . Enyanisweni, ekunyuseni kwesisindo, ukuphakama kunye nesalathisi somntwana kukho ukungafani komntu. Ngoko, kumancinci amancinci, kwenzeka ngokuncinci kakhulu, ngokungafani nabantwana abakhulu. Kuphi, okokuqala, kufuneka umama wethu omtsha aqaliswe? Kakade, imeko yomntwana wabo!
Icebiso
Ungalokothi uqhathanise wakho omncinane nabanye abantwana babantu abaneminyaka efanayo. Akufanele ucaphuke ngabo bonke ukuba bongeza igrama ezibekwe ngokukhawuleza kunomntwana wakho. Ukuba umntwana unempilweni, yonke into iyahamba njengoko kulindeleke!
Sihlola ngokuchanekileyo
Ezinye iimmmy zikholelwa ukuba akunakuncedo ukulinganisela umntwana ekhaya, ngokwaneleyo ukuba yenziwe kanye ngenyanga kwipolyclinic yabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bezingane baqinisekile ukuba kuyimfuneko ukubeka iliso ubunzima bomntwana rhoqo. Inyani kukuba ukuguqulwa kwesisindo somzimba kunyaka wokuqala wobomi kubonakaliso obaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni komzimba!
Zama ukufumana izikali zekhompyutha zenzelwe ngokusesikweni iintsana, kwaye unqume ngoncedo lwabo ubunzima bomzimba wengane yakho ukuba kungekho imihla ngemihla, ubuncinane kanye ngeveki! Ukuba awukwazi ukuthenga ezi zikali, zinokuqeshwa.
Ungabhala nje kwi-notebook ubunzima, ukuphakama kunye neziboniso zentsana, kunye nomhla wokulinganisa kunye nesiphumo, kodwa kungcono ukwakhiwa kweendwangu zesisindo, njengokuba ogqirha benza. Ezi zengqungquthela zibonakalisa ngokucacileyo utshintsho kwisisindo somntwana kwisimo sezandla. Ndikholelwe, akukho nto ilukhuni apha! Okokuqala, bhala i-axis ene-horizontal, apho uza kuphawula khona iintsuku zobomi bomntwana, ngoko-ke, okuza kubonisa ubunzima bomntwana kwigrama. Ngokuhambelana nemiphumo yokulinganisa, umaka amanqaku uze uwaxhumane kunye. Ikhefu lesisindo silungile!
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa umntwana, kungekhona ngexesha elide, kodwa ukulandela imithetho ethile!
Yenza oku ngexesha elithile - mhlawumbi kusasa ekuseni ngaphambi kokutya okanye ngosuku olufanayo lweveki. Spoon i-diaper kwaye ukhumbule ukuba bunzima bunjani, kwaye ubeke iimfumba ezize kunye nayo kwaye ukhumbule umphumo. Ungakulibali ukukhupha isisindo sesofa kuyo ngaphambi kokuba uyibhale uze uyibuyisele kwisitshati.
Ukukhula okucwangcisiweyo kuyaphula
Akukho nto iphinda ikhule umntwana kunye nesantya sokubetha okunjengokuqala konyaka wobomi. Kulula ukubona nakwimeko yokuguqula kunye nokuhlamba: kubonakala ukuba imihla ngemihla iyancipha ngokukhulula ngosayizi nje phambi kwamehlo ethu. Kwaye asikwazi ukuthetha ngeengubo! Kufuneka agcine yonke ixesha. Usana lukhula ngokukhawuleza malunga ne-raspashonok entsha kunye ne-sliders. Yaye oku akunakwenzeka kodwa kholisa abazali abancinci.
Ngonyaka, i-crumb yongeza i-25 cm (kwaye iyonke ingama-75 cm): nganye kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala-3 cm, ukusuka kwiinyanga ezine ukuya kwezi-6-2.5 cm, ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-7 kuya kwezi-9-1.5-2 cm, ukususela kwiinyanga ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12-1 cm.
Abazali abaninzi, abajwayele ukugubha kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokuqala ubunzima, ukuphakama nokusebenza komntwana, baya kudumala ngokukhawuleza: isantya sokubonisa ukunyuka kwesisindo asinakwenzeka. Into ephambili kukuba a manani ahambelana neminyaka yomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, akunakuphikiswa ukulandela inkqubo yokukhula konyaka wokuqala-inxaxheba kunye noxanduva, kwaye inomdla kubazali abasanda kuveliswa.
Kanye ngeveki , ukubeka umntwana ngasemva, ulinganise ubunzima, ukuphakama nokusebenza komntwana ukusuka phezulu ukuya kwisithende, ukulungisa imilenze yakhe. Ziqaphele kuphela - kwiinyanga zokuqala imilenze yentsana igobile, kuba iimeko zengqondo ye-hypertonia. Yonke idatha efunyenwe rhoqo kwaye ichaneke ngokuchanekileyo kwidayari yokuqwalasela umntwana. Kwaye unokwakha imifanekiso ngokufana neendleko zokulinganisela. Udokotela wakho wezilwanyana uza kuyifumana iluncedo! Yaye wena unokufumana iipateni ezinomdla kakhulu.
Umzekelo, ukuba ulinganisa ubunzima, ukuphakama nokusebenza kwintsana imihla ngemihla kwaye ngokuhlwa, kuyacaca ukuba umntwana ukhula ngokukhawuleza ebusuku.
Kukho iintsuku ezikhethiweyo xa ukwanda kwenyuka kuncinci, kwaye emva koko kufika usuku, apho umntwana ekhula ngokukhawuleza. Nangona izinga lokukhula linciphisa ngobudala, nangona kunjalo, entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni abantwana banweba ngakumbi kunokwindla nangobusika.
Ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa ngo-Matshi, kungenzeka ukuba iya kwanda ngaphezu koko kufanelekile, kodwa ekwindla nasebusika ukukhula kwayo kuya kuphuhlisa kancane, kwaye ngokubanzi kunyaka kuya kuhamba kwi-25 cm efanayo. lingalinganiswa nje kuphela ubude bomzimba wonke osana, kodwa naloo malungu. Kwaba ngathi bakhula ngezantya ezahlukeneyo! Iinyawo nezandla zonyana zanda kakhulu ngokukhawuleza, imilenze engaphantsi kunye neengaphambili azikhuli njengentshukumo, kwaye iinqununu kunye namahlombe zandisa ngakumbi kancane. Ngenxa yalo mmahluko, ubungakanani bomzimba womntwana buguquka kakhulu ngexesha lonyaka.
Kwaye inganciphisa ukukhula? Cinga ukuba kwenzekani! Ewe, oku kwenzeka kuphela kwiveki yokuqala yobomi. Inxalenye eyongezelelweyo yamasentimitha ekuzalweni ingavela ngenxa yesifo sokuzala esihlokweni. Xa ukuvuvukala kwe-influence, kwaye isombulula, kungase kuvele ukuba ukukhula komntwana, umzekelo, awukho 53, kodwa 51 cm! Kwaye maxa wambi lawa macentimitha angaphezulu ayanyamalala ngenxa yokuba intloko yentsana, eyelulekile kwinkqubo yokubeletha, ifumana ifom yangaphambili, ifom ejikelezayo, ngenxa yokuba amathambo aqondisa. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala, umntwana uya kubamba ilahlekile, kwaye ngakumbi! Ngoko ungakhathazeki!
Kwaye ekugqibeleni ndifuna ukuthetha ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula njani, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ungeze njani ubunzima, ukuphakama nokusebenza kwentsana, ungakulibali ukuba uyayenza ngokukhawuleza. Kwinyanga ethile ukuxumla okukhulu kunokwenzeka, kwaye ngolandelayo-umntwana uya kukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza kwimiqondiso yokukhula kwesisindo, qaphela imeko jikelele yomntwana: isondlo sakhe, ukulala, imizwa.