Ukuxilongwa kunye nokukhethwa kwee-lens ezidibeneyo

Sekudlulile kwixesha elidlulileyo ixesha apho ukulungiswa kombono kwindlela eyona ndlela entsha kwi-ophthalmology kwaye, njengento yonke into emitsha, ikhuphe izigwebo ezininzi ze-polar - ukususela ekuhlwithweni ukuya ekukhanyeleni. I-Practice ibonise ukuba ii-lens zokudibanisa, kunye ne-optic eyeglass, zizele ngokufanelekileyo ebomini, kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi zineziglasi zendabuko. Ngoko, ukuxilongwa kunye nokukhethwa kwee-lens ezixhamlileyo kunye nesihloko sixoxwa namhlanje.

Iilensi ezikhethwe ngokuchanekileyo zenza umfanekiso ogqithiseleyo kunye nomfanekiso ongcono kwi-retina yelihlo, negalelo ekuhlaleni nasekuwandiseni ummandla wokujonga, ukubuyisela umbono we-binocular, ukunciphisa umonakalo wokukhathala okubonakalayo nokwandisa ukusebenza komboniso.

Namhlanje i-marhwebo inika iintlobo ezininzi zee-lens zokudibanisa, ezahlukileyo kumgangatho kunye nobomi benkonzo. Ngoko ukukhethwa komntu ngamnye ngamnye kunokuba nzima. Okwangoku, i-ophthalmologists iqokelele amava aneleyo kwezi gulane kwaye inikezele ngeencomo ezininzi kwi-diagnostic kunye nokukhethwa kwee-lens ezixhamlayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

Ukuqala, i-lens ezithambileyo zithintela i-epnelium ye-corneal, enokukhathazeka kakhulu ekungabikho kwe-oxygen. Ummandla wesilungu (indawo yokufikelela kwimithambo yegazi kwi-cornea, i-groove efanayo emnyama eyahlula i-cornea kwi-sclera) ngumthombo wamaseli esitshixo, okuqinisekisa ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kwezicubu ze-corneal. Ukuba ii-lens zokudibanisa ziphazamisa i-cornea ukuze zenze i-oksijini eyaneleyo, inceda ukuphazamisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-metabolism kunye nokuthembeka, ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-epithelium kunye nezinye iingxaki. Indlala ye-oksijini ye-cornea ayiyivumeli ukuba imelane neebhaktheriya kwaye yandisa ingozi yokusuleleka.

Impahla entsha yepolymer yamalenti e-soft-lens - i-silicone-hydrogel - inokwakheka kwe-oksijeni ephezulu eneempawu ze-hydrophilic. Iilensi ezinjalo zibhetele kunezinye ukugcina impilo yamehlo.

Ngokubanzi, namhlanje kukho iindidi ezilandelayo:

• ukusuka kwi-hydrogel kunye nomxholo omanzi ohlukeneyo (ukususela kuma-50 ukuya kuma-95%);

• kwi-polymethylacrylic (PMMA);

• ukusuka kuma-copolymers of silicone.

Hayi nje ukulungiswa

Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ii-lens ezixhamlayo zithatha indawo yeiglasi kuphela nge-myopia (myopia). Enyanisweni, uluhlu lwezibonakaliso zokulungiswa kombono lukhulu kakhulu:

• i-anisometropia ngaphezu kwe-2 dpt;

• Iqondo eliphezulu le-myopia kunye ne-hypermetropia;

• aphakia;

• i-astigmatism (engalunganga kunye nezinga eliphezulu);

• i-keratoconus.

Okwangoku, ii-lens zokunxibelelana zisetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kombono, kodwa kunye neenjongo zokwelapha - njengesixhobo sokukhusela kunye nesibhanki sokugula, izifo eziphazamisayo, kwixesha lokuhamba emva. Ama-lens angasetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuziqhenqa, umzekelo, ngeziphene ze-iris, kunye ne-opacity ye-cornea.

Ukungqinelana

Kukho ezimbini kuphela:

• Izifo ezivuthayo ze-cornea kunye ne-conjunctiva;

Ukunyamezela komntu ngamnye. Ngelishwa, okwangoku, inani labantu abathi, ngenxa yezi zizathu, abanako ukusebenzisa i-lens ezithambileyo, ziyanda.

Kukho izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukunyamezela koonxibelelwano lwamalensi kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko weengxaki. Ezi zi:

- izifo eziqhelekileyo zomzimba (isifo sikashukela, avitaminosis);

- Iqondo eliphantsi lokucoceka, iimeko ezingalunganga zobomi kunye nemveliso (umoya omoya, ukungcola komoya, izilwanyana), imozulu;

uhlobo lwe-lens yokudibanisa (ukusetyenziswa kwegesi ephantsi kwe-lens, ukukhetha okungafanelekanga, umgangatho ophantsi okanye umonakalo kwilensi);

- ixesha lokugqoka kunye nexesha lokutshintshwa kweelensi;

- ithetha ukunyamekelwa kwama-lens (i-toxic and action action of the components of solutions, ukuphulwa kweengcebiso zokunyamekelwa kweelensi).

Njengoko uyakubona, ngezinye izinto umntu akanako ukuphazamisa, kodwa ezininzi zazo zilawulwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ezahlukeneyo zokugqoka iimodesi

Ayikho imodeli enye yohlobo lweentensi zokusebenzisa. Kuhlala kuboniswa kwimiyalelo yokusetyenziswa, kwaye kufuneka igcinwe ngokuthe ngqo. Kwimodi yendabuko, kufuneka usususe ilensi ebusuku. Kunconywa imihla ngemihla ngokucoca ngokwemiyalelo kunye nokucoca nge-enzymatic kanye ngeveki.

Ngokufakelwa okutshintshileyo, enye ibini ihamba neenyanga ezintathu, ukucoca ngokwemiyalelo. Nangona le ndlela ivumela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeelensi ixesha lokuqhubeka kwazo zigqitha ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-48 okanye ngaphezulu, amava am ogqirha akhombisa ukuba kulungile ukuwabamba ebusuku. Oku kunzima kakhulu, kodwa kukho umngcipheko omncinci weengxaki.

Xa kufakwe i-lens substitution ephindwe rhoqo, iisensi zeelensi zisetyenziselwa ukususela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwinyanga e-1. Phuma ngokuhlwa, kodwa ungashiya amaxesha angama-2-3 ngenyanga ngelo busuku. Olu rhulumente luthandwa ngokubanzi kwamanye amazwe. Nguye othobela kakhulu amehlo. Ukukhethwa kwindlela yokuxilongwa kunye nokukhethwa kwee-lens ezixhamlayo kufuneka zinikezelwe ukudibanisa iilensi zexesha elifutshane lokutshintshwa.

Iingxaki

1. Ubomvu belihlo (kwilwimi lwezonyango - injini yeempahla zamehlo).

Kuhamba kunye nokuma, ukutshisa, ukubetha, ukukhathala kweso. Ukungaxhatshazi kwii-lens zoqhagamshelwano ziqinisa ukuphela komhla, ingakumbi phantsi kweemeko zangaphandle ezingekho phantsi (ukungcola, ukufudumala kwemoya, ukufudumala okutshatyalaliswayo), kunye nokukhanya kwamehlo okukhulu, ukusebenza kwikhompyutha.

Izimbangela zingabakho: i-lens edges, i-hyponeia ene-corneal, ukuphuka kwemveliso yokunciphisa nokudiliza ifilimu ukungasebenzi, isisombululo kwisicombululo sokunakekelwa kwe-lens okanye ikhemikhali kwi-lens, kunye nee-microbial toxins.

Yintoni endiyenzayo?

• Ukuphelisa izizathu ezinokubangela iingxaki (ukutshintshwa kwe-lens okanye isisombululo);

• sebenzisa amaconsi okucoca / ahlambulule awenzelwe abantu abagqoka ii-lens. (Kukho ukufaka iinyembezi ezingalimaza i-lens - ayifanelekanga!)

2. I-Limb hyperemia (ubomvu ejikeleze i-cornea, kwindawo yelungu).

Kuvela, njengommiselo, xa ugqoba iilensi eziqhambileyo ezivela kwi-hydrogels. Isizathu sinokuthi i-hypoxia ye-corneal eyabangelwa ukuphelelwa kwegesi enganeleyo okanye "ukufika" okunamandla kwilensi yokudibanisa kwi-cornea.

Yintoni endiyenzayo?

• Sebenzisa iilensi nge-gmeli enkulu yokuphelela - i-silicone-hydrogel okanye olunye ukwakhiwa;

• Nciphise ixesha lokugqoka i-lens ngelixa.

3. I-Epitheliopathy ye-cornea-izilonda ze-epithelial ezingenangqondo, apho uvavanyo lwamazwe angaphandle, amehlo anomileyo angenzeka.

Yintoni endiyenzayo?

• iintsuku eziyi-3-4 zokuphumla kwii-lens;

• Ukungcwaba iliso le-antiseptic iliso kunye nabavuseleli bokuvuselelwa kwe-corneal amaxesha amathathu ngosuku;

• ukutshintshwa kohlobo lwentsimbi okanye isisombululo sokugcina;

• Sebenzisa amaconsi amanzi kubantu abagqoka ii-lens.

4. I-Edema kunye neovascularrization ye-cornea

Ihambelana nezinguqu zesakhiwo kwiimpawu ze-cornea, ezinokufunyanwa ngunyango kwi-biomicroscopic study. I-Corneal edema ihombisa kumbono ophazamisayo kunye nombono oye wehla, ukwandisa ukunyamezela kwama-lens. Isizathu esaneleyo sokubonelela kwe-cornea nge-oksijini, umzekelo, kwiimeko apho i-lens ingasuswanga ebusuku, xa izinto zentsimbi zimile.

I-Vascularization yindlela yokuhlawula i-edema ye-cornea engapheliyo. Inkcenkcesho ixesha elide lenzeke ngaphandle kwempawu ezizimeleyo kwaye zifunyenwe ngokuhlolwa kwe-biomicroscopic yesigulane. Ngexesha elide, inkcenkcesho inokukhokelela ekuphuleni ukukhanya kwe-cornea kunye nombono ophantsi.

Yintoni endiyenzayo?

• sebenzisa iilensi kunye nokukhangela okuphezulu kwegesi (i-silicone-hydrogel);

• Ukunciphisa ixesha lokugqoka i-lens ngelixa;

• Ukungcwaba amaconsi amancinci kwiilensi zoqhagamshelwano;

• Kwimeko ye-vascularization eqhubekayo ye-cornea, i-lensi egxininisekayo yamalensi kufuneka igugile.

5. I-collinular conjunctivitis.

Xa i-lens engcolileyo igqithwe ixesha elide (ngokunyamekelwa kakubi kwalo), iimpendulo zokuzivikela komzimba zenzeka kwimveliso yokwaphuka kweeprotheni eziqokelela phantsi kwe-lens.

Yintoni endiyenzayo?

• ukuyeka ii-lens zoqhagamshelwano;

• Ukungcwaba iliso elikhethekileyo lihla ukuze lizinze iimbumba zeesitrasi zeesitidi 2 ngosuku;

• kunye nekhosi eqhelekileyo - i-antihistamines, kunye nokulungiswa komlilo;

• ukufakwa kwesisombululo sokugcina;

• Kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa iilensi ezilahlayo.

6. I-Syndrome ye "iso elomileyo"

Kukho izikhalazo zobomvu, ukuvakalelwa kweso isohlwayo, umboniso ongekho.

Yintoni endiyenzayo?

• ukutshintshwa kohlobo lwentsimbi;

• Ukusebenzisa amaconsi okucoca / ahlambululayo kumalensi oqhagamshelwano;

• kunye nokunciphisa imveliso yeengcazi - ukulungiswa kwezinyembezi ezenziwayo.

Ukuthintela iingxaki

Xa ufumanisa kwaye ukhetha iilensi zokudibanisa ezithe tye, kufuneka uqaphele. Kodwa kamva "phumula" akufanele kube. Ukuze ugweme iingxaki, le mithetho ilandelayo kufuneka ibonwe.

1. Kanye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu - ukutyelela ukukhusela i-polyclinic, kwi-ophthalmologist. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ezinye iingxaki zikhula ngaphandle kwentlungu kwaye ingacatshangwanga.

2. Ucoceko olufanelekileyo lwama-lens oqhagamshelwano luyimfuneko: ukucoca ukuqwalasela izinto eziphathekayo, ukuchithwa, ukuhlanjululwa kwe-lens, ukugcinwa kwizikhonkwane ezizodwa. Sitshintsha isitya kufuneka sibe ubuncinane ngexesha eli-1 kwiinyanga ezi-3-4.

3. Musa ukugqoka ii-lens ezithintekayo iintsuku eziliqela ngaphandle kokucima. Kungaba yingozi.

4. I-lens kufuneka ibe yiso okanye kwisitya kwisisombululo esikhethekileyo sokugcina. Ngaphandle koko, kuya kumile, kuya kuba ne-microcracks, okuza kusenza ukuba lens ingasebenzi.

5. Musa ukumanzisa i-lensi ngemali. Kwisalathisi kukho inani elikhulu leebhaktheriya ezinokubangela izifo ezinokukhupha amehlo.