Oomama nootata abaninzi, bebona umntwana ozolileyo, beqhuba ngentshiseko ishishini labo, babechukuzela ngomona: "Kodwa mna andinako ukuhlala ngethuba ngomzuzu!" Kwaye kaninzi abaxolanga ukuba umsebenzi ogqithiseleyo awuyena umpawu, kodwa uhlalutyo. Yintoni ehluke kakhulu kwaneyomnye umntwana ongaphathekanga? Nendlela yokuziphatha naye kuthi-abazali? ..
YIphi IINGXELO ZOKUKHULUZA?
Ngokunyanisekileyo, ukuhamba okukhulu kuluphawu oluphantse kubo bonke abantwana beminyaka yobudala. Kodwa ukuba ukungabikho kwengxaki yomntwana rhoqo kuwela yonke imida kwaye kudala iingxaki ekuxoxaneni noontanga, ngabazali kunye nootitshala (ootitshala) ngumqondiso wokuthi kuyimfuneko ukubonisana nengcali.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezinye "iindlela zokuziphatha" zongezwa kwi "sila kumbongolo". Okokuqala, ukungakwazi ukugxila, ukubandakanyeka kwishishini elifanayo ixesha elide, ukungabikho kwenjongo. Le ngxaki ibizwa ngokuba yintlupheko yokukhathazeka ngengxaki ye-ADHD (syndrome).
Kutheni abantwana behlakulela le ndlela? Oogqirha bathi izizathu ezininzi: oku kukuzalwa, kunye nezifo ezithathelwanayo zisesebuntwaneni, kwaye - ngokungaqhelekanga - ukutya kokutya okubangelwa yizixhobo ezenziwayo. Kodwa, ngokwemibare, ngokuphindaphindiweyo (kuma-85 ekhulwini amatyala)
I-Peractivity ibangela iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye (okanye) nokubeletha. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umama unesifo sokutywala i-toxicosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngoko ngenxa yempilo yakhe ehluphekileyo, umntwana akanalo ixesha lokuba "aqokelele" ezinye zeendlela zobuchopho. Kwimeko yokuzalwa okuphazamisayo, icebo lihlukile. Inyaniso kukuba ngexesha lokungena komntwana ngokusebenzisa umbhobho wokuzalwa womama, ukuxhamla ezithile kusekwe phakathi kwamaziko wengqondo yakhe. Ukuba "umyalelo" wokuzalwa uphazamiseka (zithi, kwimeko yeKesareya icandelo), ezi zidibaniso zingenakunyaniswa ngokukodwa njengendalo.
I-PORTRAIT NGOKWENKQUBO
Nangona amayeza ahluke kwiimbono zabo ngokungahambi kakuhle, ukubonakaliswa kwengqondo yengqondo yomntwana osencinane enengxaki enjalo ikhona. Nazi iinkalo eziphambili:
♦ Umntwana ongenasifo angakwazi ukuyigcina ixesha elide;
♦ Kunzima kuye ukuphulaphula umnxibelelwano, ukuphazamisa abanye ngaphandle kokuphela;
♦ kaninzi "akayi kuvakala" xa abantu bebambana naye;
♦ azinakuhlala phantsi, ama-fidgets kwisihlalo, ajika, ahla;
♦ ngokuthabatha ithatha ishishini elitsha, kodwa phantse lingaligqiba iqalisa;
♦ ngokuqhelekileyo uhlala elahlekelwa izinto zakhe;
♦ nokuba ebudeni besikolweni, akakwazi ukulandela imihla ngemihla ngokwakhe (ufuna i "wand-pusher");
♦ Ukulibala lula into engamthandayo;
♦ izandla zingenasiphelo, umntwana uguqula into ethile, uthabathe aze adle ngeminwe yakhe;
Ukulala kancane;
♦ ithi ininzi;
♦ ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphantsi kwefuthe leemvakalelo ezenza izenzo zokukhawuleza;
♦ ayithandi kwaye akakwazi ukulinda ithuba lakhe;
♦ Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, kungalindelekanga, ngenxa yezinto ezizungezile kunye nokugquma kwebhola kumgangatho.
Ukuba ezi zimpawu zibuhlungu ngokuqhelekileyo kuwe, musa ukukhawuleza ukubamba intloko yakho. Ugqirha kuphela onokuyixilonga, kwaye nangona kunjalo akakho kwiintlanganiso zokuqala. Iingcali ezifanelekileyo zigcina umntwana ngeenyanga eziliqela, ukuqeshwa kwezifundo ezongezelelweyo xa kuyimfuneko. Emva kwakho konke, phantse zonke iimpawu ezingentla zingabonakali nje ukuxhatshazwa komntwana osemncinci, kodwa kunye nangomnye umgangatho wophuhliso. Ukongezelela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana ubonakaliswe kangakanani ngale ndlela, mhlawumbi kungenxa yesigaba esilandelayo sokukhula "kunye nemiphumo emibi," kunokuba uhlolwe ngegazi.
IINGCACISO ZABAZALI
Ayikho imfihlelo yokuba ngokuthetha nomntwana onobuhlungu, nokuba ngabazali abanomdla kunye nabafundi abanamava amaninzi baye balahlekelwa ngumonde baze baqale "ukugijima esihlalweni": Ewe, andinakuhlangabezana nale "perpetuum mobile"! Nazi izicwangciso ezimbalwa eziza kunceda ukulungelelanisa ubudlelwane kunye nokufezekisa kumntwana wakho ukuziphatha okufunayo.
♦ Zivame ukukhuthaza umntwana wakho - aba bantwana banesidingo esinzulu sokudumisa kunye nezinto ezikhuthazayo (iifom, amathoyizi, njl.). Zama ukuthobela ingqalelo loo mpu melelo yomntwana, eyanikezwa ubunzima obukhethekileyo - ukunyamezela, ukuchaneka, ukuvumelana, ukugcina ixesha, njl.
♦ Cwangcisa imisebenzi yemfundo nophuhliso ekuseni, ngoko iziphumo ziya kuba ziphakamileyo.
♦ Qulunqa izicelo zakho kumntwana omncinci - kwisiphakamiso se-1-2, ukuze mhlawumbi waphulaphula ukuphela.
♦ Abantwana abangenasifo sokukhawuleza bakhathele ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha ikhefu kwiiklasi (nakweyiphi na, kwanomdla kumntwana).
♦ Khumbula: xa umntwana wakho kwindawo kawonkewonke eqala ukuziphatha ngokungafanelekanga ngokwemiqathango yokuvuma (ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza, ukumemeza, ukutshiza), ukukrazula kude akukho nto. Zama ukuphazamisa ingqalelo yakhe ngengxoxo enomdla, ngokukhawuleza ukuphazamisa ukuphatha, izihlunu. Iimvakalelo ezithandekayo zinceda ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo. Kwaye ukuze ungabi namahloni kubanye, zama ukuziqinisekisa ukuba umntwana akayi kubeka ityala lokuzalwa ngale ndlela, yena ngokwakhe unobungqina bokungabikho kwakhe.
♦ Xa usebenzisana nomntwana ongenasifo, musa ukuba azalisekise imiqathango emininzi ngokukhawuleza: hlala ulale, ubhale (uthinte, udwebe, njl njl) ngenyameko, mamela ngokunyamekileyo, njl. Khetha enye into ebaluleke kakhulu okwangomzuzu, umzekelo, bhala ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umntwana uhlala ehla, ugxotha umphathi, ngoku uphazamise, uzame ukumgxeka. Ukuba umntwana uzalisekisa le meko - qi niseka ukuba udumise. Ngexesha elizayo khetha enye imeko - hlala uhleli.
♦ Ukuba ufuna ukuba umntwana wakho alandele inkqubo yansuku zonke ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphambi kokuphela kweshishini elinye kunye nokutshintshela "kwinto elandelayo yenkqubo", qiniseka ukumkhumbuza (kungcono akukho enye, kodwa amaxesha ama-2 - 3): "Dlala imizuzu eyi-10, emva kwemini ! "Abantwana abadala, abanokugqiba ixesha ngelixa, bangalungiselela utshintsho lomsebenzi ngoncedo lwewashi le-alamu.
♦ Yenza okufanayo kwimihla ukuze umntwana angabi nantlanu kunye nemizuzu eyi-10. Leyo ntsana ifuna ukuhlala ihlala into ethile, ukuze ingenakunyusa.
♦ Ku luncedo kakhulu ukurekhoda umntwana osengozini ukususela kumncinane kwinqanaba lezemidlalo kwaye (okanye) ngokudlala rhoqo kwimidlalo yezemidlalo.
♦ Eyona ndlela ingcono xa abazali kunye nootitshala (ootitshala) badibanisa imizamo yabo kwimfundo yenkomfa enzima kwaye baya kusebenzisana. Izidingo ezifanayo kwi-kindergarten (esikolweni) nakwikhaya ziya kunceda umntu omncinci ukuba athathwe ngokukhawuleza kumyalelo.
UKUSEBENZISWA: I-TRAP!
Kukho amaninzi amanqaku xa abazali bezingane ezingenasifo esineengxaki, "bethenga" kwizakhono zabo eziphezulu zobuchule, banike umntwana wabo esikolweni kungekudala kunokuba bekuyimfuneko. Kwaye kutheni? Emva koko, ukuba umntwana, ufunde ukufunda kwiminyaka engama-4 ubudala, uyongezelela ukuya ezintlanu engqondweni yakhe okanye abalekele kwi-100 kwaye ngokukhawuleza ufunde imirhumo emfutshane yesiNgesi, yintoni enokuyenza enkulisa?
Kodwa akusiyo yonke into elula. Esinye seziganeko zabantwana abanjengo-asynchrony yophuhliso. Inkwenkwe impela ingaphambi kweontanga zakhe kwezinye iipameters, kodwa ngezinye iindlela, i-alas, ilahla emva kwayo. (Ngokuqhelekileyo ukhokelo luhamba ngokuhambelana nokuphuhliswa kwengqondo, kwaye i-lag iimeko kwimicimbi yoluntu.) Ngomntwana onjalo, isifundo esingapheli imizuzu engama-30 sifana nokuhlushwa. Uya guquka aze aphazamise, aphule amazwi omfundisi ngendlebe kwaye, ngokwazi indlela yokusombulula umsebenzi onzima, uya kucinga imizuzu engama-20 phezu komzekelo wokuqala. Kwaye iileta zayo ziya kufana zifana neenambuzane ezingaqhelekanga. "Akavuthi" esikolweni nakumqondo wengqondo!
Yingakho ngaphambi kokunika umntwana ongenakhathazeka ngokungabikho kwengqalelo esikolweni, kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukuyibonisa kwiingcali, ngokukhethekileyo ezininzi, umzekelo: i-neurologist, i-psychologist, i-defectologist. Emva koko-landela iziphakamiso ezifunyenweyo, ukufihla izifiso zabo zabazali kude kube ngamaxesha angcono.
Ukuba uyaqonda ukuba "ujabule" nesikolo sele sele umntwana wakho ehamba kwiklasi yokuqala, akusekho ixesha elide ukulibuyisela engadini, "edlala" enye inxalenye yobuntwana. Amava abonisa ukuba inkqubela yokutshintshwa kweso sifana ukuya kwisikolo ibaluleke kakhulu kubantinina noomama kunabantwana abasesikolweni.
Kwanokuba imisebenzi enzima ihlala isisombululo. Kwaye xa kufike ekwenzeni ubomi kube lula kuwe kuphela, kodwa nakumntu omncinci, usenakukhuseleka phambi kobu bomi, kukho imikhosi, kukho iingcali kunye nolwazi oluyimfuneko. Kwaye maxa wambi umonde ungakhokelela, into ephambili kukuba uyamthanda umntwana wakho, kwaye uyakuthanda, kwaye ngoko ke, ngokukhawuleza uza kuhlangabezana nazo zonke iingxaki ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva.