Amathoyizi abantwana ukusuka kunyaka ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu abelwa ngoluhlu olubanzi, kwaye ukuba uzama ukuthenga zonke izinto ezinikezelweyo, ngoko ke, ubuninzi besikhwama sakho asiyi kuvumela.
"I-0 ukuya kwe-3 ivunyelwe"
Okokuqala, siza kuxubusha nawe uphawu olusoloko lubonakaliswe kumathoyizi: "Kwabantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ubudala". Nakuba, enyanisweni, bejongana ngokuphindaphindiweyo nelokuba uphawu olunjalo lukhona kumathoyizi afanelekileyo kubantwana abaneminyaka emibili nangaphezulu. Okokubaluleka ukuba ube nolwazi olufanelekileyo malunga neethayi kungekuphela kwileyibhile kwilebula, kodwa kunye nemithombo encedo.
Ndandidla ngokuthenga umntwana oneminyaka engama-anesigama ubudala kunye namathoyizi anjalo "anebheji" engavumelekile. Kutheni? Ewe, kuba ndijonge kum umntwana wam ukuba le nto yokudlala iyinomdla kwaye inenjongo, ngoko kutheni ungaqali ngokudlala ithoyilo elisebenzayo kungekhona kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala, kodwa, yithi, enye nesiqingatha kwiminyaka emibini ngaphambili. Ukuba ucinga ngalo, kwiminyaka emithathu le nto yokudlala ingaba yintsana kwaye ingenomdla. Ukuthenga nje le nto yokudlala, kufuneka uqwalasele amanqaku amaninzi ebalulekileyo:
- umdlalo makangenayo iindawo ezincinci;
- Ihoyizi akufanele iqulethe izinto ezinobungozi kunye nobungozi;
- ukudlala ngentonti, kubalulekile ukubandakanya abantu ababini - inkunzi kunye nomntu omdala;
- emva kokudlala neetoyi, kufuneka uyibeke kwindawo yayo (nokuba ibhokisi ibonelelwe iifayili, okanye kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo igcinwe kwiiyayi, okanye kwindawo engenakufikeleleka kumntwana ukuba umdlalo ungathandeki kumntwana ngokudlala ngokuzimela (umzekelo, iikhrayoni ze-wax ziyakwenza abantwana ukususela ngonyaka, kodwa, njengoko abantwana bebanokuzibona, kwinto engcono ukugcina into enjalo kubumba bendalo "kwindawo ekhethiweyo").
Ukubaluleka kwamathoyizi ekuphuhlisweni kwabantwana besibini neyesithathu kwimpilo
Inendima yamathoyilo ekuphuhlisweni komntwana ukususela kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu kunzima ukugqithisa. Ziba negalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi, ukuqonda, ukucinga kunye nokucinga, ukukhulisa umbono wengane kunye nezakhono zobomi bakhe. Ngoko ke, ukucinga ngokuthenga ithoyizi yokudlala umntwana wakho, kufuneka uqikelele izinto ezibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo:
- zakho zemali;
- ukusetyenziswa nokubaluleka kwalo mdlalo wokudlala umntwana;
- umgangatho kunye nokusebenza komdlalo wokudlala;
- ukuvavanya ezo zakhono kunye nobuchule, uphuhliso olukhuthaza ukudlala;
- ukuhlalutya indlela umntwana wakho athola ngayo itekisi entsha;
- kwaye, ekugqibeleni, khumbula ukuba amathoyizi kakhulu, ayimfuneko kakhulu kwintsana.
Umntwana kufuneka athole iindidi zamathoyizi eziza kuncedisa ekuphuhlisweni kwayo yonke. Okokuthi, akufanele kube yidonki kuphela okanye iifowuni, i-assortment kufuneka ibe yinkalo ebanzi kwaye imelwe ngamakhrayoni, iipende, iplastiki, ukuvelisa amatshini, abakhi, ama-nut, i-toy-sorter kunye ne-puzzles, njl njl. Kule meko, xa uthenge ithoyizi, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba umntwana kufuneka adlalwe yena kuphela, kodwa kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwabantu abadala. Emva koko, kuhlale kulula ukufunda yonke into xa kukho "iqabane kunye namava" oza kuthiwa aze abonise, kwaye adlala kunye ngexesha elifanayo.
Ukukhethwa kwamathoyizi kubanzi
Uluhlu lweemidlalo zamathoyizi zanamhlanje ezisusela kumnyaka omnye ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu lukhulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, akuqhelekanga ukuba abazali bajamelane nesinye inkinga yokukhetha, ingxaki yokukhetha umdlalo kumntwana othandekayo. Kodwa kunjalo, ngendlela efanelekileyo, ukhetho lwenziwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ulungiselela kwangaphambili, gqiba kwizinto ozifunayo ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko uya kuza kwisitolo kungekhona nje ukuthenga into ethile, kodwa ukuthenga ithoyilo elithile elisebenzayo.
Ukuqala, siza kujongana neentlobo eziphambili zeethoni kubantwana ukusuka kunyaka ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu. Le yile miboniso yamagatya alandelayo:
- iofisi yabantwana (iikhrayoni ze-wax, amanqaku kumncinane, iplastiki (inhlama yokwenza imodeli);
- Iincwadi zezingane ezivela kumxholo othi "Abantu abadala bafundela abantwana" okanye iincwadi zeemifanekiso;
- amathoyizi okuhlamba;
- zokudlala;
- ukugubha;
- abakhi bezoncinci (ngokuqhelekileyo ngamaplanga);
- ii cubes, iipounders;
- iidodoli kunye neepopu;
- oomatshini;
- iidodoli;
- amathoyizi athobileyo;
- imifanekiso;
- zokudlala;
- iipuzzle;
- iipiramidi;
- Ukuphuhlisa iidiski, ukuphuhlisa amakhadi, ukuphuhlisa iipatethi;
- Iifowuni ezifakiweyo;
- iidemon, iipuzzle;
- iinqaba.
Ukuba nombono oqhelekileyo wee-subspecies eziphambili zamathoyizi, kuya kuba lula ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye ofuna ukuyithenga.
Ukuphuhlisa amathoyizi okanye amathoyizi "ngeemeko"?
Ingxaki elandelayo yokukhetha: yintoni ekuthengayo, ukuphuhlisa umdlalo okanye ithoyiyi "yeemeko". Ngethuba elifanayo, nayiphi na into yokuhlakulela ingaba yinto yokudlala yinto efanelekileyo, njengokwenza nayiphi na into yokudlala ngaphandle kokugxilwa ngqo kwintlalo ingaba "inzuzo" entle ekuphuhlisweni komntwana. Ngokomzekelo, nayiphina idonsa, njengomthetho, ayiyiyo yokuphuhlisa ii-toys, kodwa le nto yokudlala ithatha ezinye izakhono zentlalo kumntwana. Ingane ifunda ukunyamekela "umntwana wokudlala". Abantwana phakathi kweminyaka yobudala ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu bathanda ukunqanda iimbophu, bahlambe baze babondle, bawabekelele, "baxoxe" nabo. Ngoko ke, kuzo zonke iziganeko ezilandelayo, isiphelo esilandelayo silandelayo: amathoyizi ayimfuneko kwaye ibalulekileyo, nayiphi na into yokudlala iyenza "inxaxheba" yayo ekuphuhlisweni komntwana.
Iidyayi zokudala abantwana
Abazali abaninzi bayekezela le ndlela yamathoyizi kwixesha elikude elizayo, bachaza isigqibo sabo ngenxa yokuba, ngokomzekelo, yintoni enokubamba umntwana oneminyaka elilodwa. Kule nto, ewe, ndiyakwazi ukuxubusha. Ingane "idonsa", "ibhala" kwaye ibonisa "ihlabathi elincinci" ukusuka kumigca, amachaphaza kunye nemigca echaziweyo. Ukubhala iikrayoni ze-wax okanye iimpawu zamakhreyithi akukufanelekanga nje kuphela, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ungabi novila ukupenda kunye nosana kunye, bhala amagama ambalwa, athi "Mama", "Ubaba", "Baba", "Igama lomntwana". Awuyi kuhlaziya kuphela izakhono zokupenda zesikolo kwintloko yakho, kodwa ufumane ezininzi iimvakalelo ezintle!
Kodwa ubuchule babantwana abupheli kwiikrayoni kunye neepati. Akunakulimaza ukulala nomntwana okanye "upende" izandla zakho ngeepayipi ezikhethekileyo. Njengempahla yokwenza umzekelo, udongwe olukhethekileyo okanye, oko kuthiwa, "inhlama yokubumba" ilungile. Kukhuselekile kubancinci "abahlolisisi", abashiyi amagqabi ama-greasy, akayi kuhlambalaza kwaye ahlanjululwa lula emva kwemisebenzi ekhangayo.
Amathoyizi ezemfundo
Kwi-pedagogy yanamhlanje, kugxininiswa kakhulu kwizinto zokuphila kwezingane. Umthi ukususela kule ngongoma ngumbono ongcono. Lo mbandela awukho kuphela ekuhlambulukeni kwezinto eziphilayo, kodwa nakwimandla emihle enokuthi amathoyi ezenziwe ngamatye athwale ngokwawo. Iinkcukacha zeenkuni zala maathoyizi zilungile ukubamba, zihlala zifudumala kumgca, kwaye ububanzi obanzi beetekisi ezinjalo zihlakulela kakuhle ubuchule bokuthinteka kwengqondo yabantwana. Ngako oko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ikhuphiswano lonyakamali lwanamhlanje liphuhliswa njani kwizinto eziphambili zanamhlanje, amathoyizi ezemfundo phakathi kwabo aya kuhlala ehlala kwindawo efanelekileyo. Iimitha zamatye zanamhlanje zinomgangatho ophakamileyo, zifakwe ngezinto ezingezizo zityhefu, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo zibonakaliswe ngeendleko eziphezulu.
Amathoyizi ezemfundo zokhuni abantwana ukusuka kunyaka omnye ukuya emithathu yimipiramidi, abakhi, ama-matryoshkas, i-inlays, i-lacing, i-cubes-sorters, iipuzzles ezahlukeneyo, iipads, ii cubes, njl. Njengoko uyakubona, uluhlu lwezinto ezenziwe ngamatye zikhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke unganise ingqalelo kwiimidlalo zolu hlobo lokuphuhlisa umntwana wakho.
Iidloli kunye neemoto
Sonke siye saqhelana nelokuba iidodoli zintombazana, kwaye iimoto ziyingcambu yabafana. Ngaloo ndlela, siye sakhuthaza umama womama kwintombazana ukususela ebuntwaneni, kwaye kwinkwenkwe-mhlawumbi umqhubi okanye umntu onomdla ... Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sonke sifuna ukuba inkwenkwe ibe nguyise ongcono, kwaye le ntombazana ayinakukwazi ukuqhuba imoto ...
Ekubeni indima yeedodoli kunye noomatshini ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, okokuqala, ukubunjwa kwezakhono zentlalo kumdlalo, ndiqhubeka ndihambelana nembono yokuba iidodoli, njengamashishini, ziyimfuneko kumantombazana kunye nabafana ngexesha elifanayo.
Xa uneminyaka engama-3 akukho nto ichasayo kumdlalo wabafana kunye namantombazana. Baqala nje ngokukhawuleza "kucacisa", ukususela kwiminyaka emibini. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukhetho lwendlela ekuqhutyeni ngayo umsebenzi wokudlala kunye nokuziphatha komntwana kuya kuhamba akuxhomekanga kuphela kwisini sakhe, kodwa nakwiimigaqo kunye neendlela zenkcubeko apho umntwana ekhula khona.
Izixhobo zoMculo
Abantwana, njengomthetho, njengempahla eyahlukeneyo yomculo. Ngoko ke, ungayikhohlwa malunga neempawu ezibalulekileyo ebomini kwintsana njengethoyi yomculo. Ukukhethwa kwamathoyizi afana kakhulu: ukusuka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zepianos ezijoliswe kubantwana abaneminyaka engama-nye ubudala, kwiidrama, iintsimbi, i-xylophone kunye ne-guitar.
Amathoyizi ngeendlela zokuphuhliswa kwangaphambili
Lolu uhlobo olutsha oluthile lokudlala. Emva koko, bambalwa abantu babesoloko beyazi ukuba kukho iindlela ezinomdla zokuphuhliswa kwangaphambili, njengeendlela zokuphuhliswa kwangaphambili kweGlen Doman, uMont Montori, inkqubo kaNikitin, indlela kaZazitsev, njl njl. Kwaye ngoku asiyazi nje ezo zinto, kodwa sinokufumana ithuba lokuqeqesha abantwana bethu ngoncedo lwezinto eziyinkqubo ezenziwe ngokuzilungiselela.
Ziziphi iimathoyilo ezenzelwe izifundo kunye nomntwana ngokweendlela zokuphuhlisa kwangaphambili? Ukuphuhliswa kwengane ngokwemigaqo yeGlen Doman, kukho amakhadi amaninzi awenziwe ngamacandelo athile (imisebenzi, imifuno, izilwanyana, njl njl. Njl). Siyabulela ukufumaneka kwezinto eziphathekayo, akudingeki sichitha ixesha lokwenza izinto zokufundisa umntwana wakho. Kwiiklasi kunye nomntwana, indlela ye-Montessori isebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokufaka izixhobo zokhuni ezahlukeneyo. Izifundo ngokutsho kobuchule beZazitsev, ezininzi zeekytsev zithengiswa, kunye neendidi zokufundisa ezincedisayo ekuphuhlisweni komntwana ngale ndlela ingentla. Isiseko sencwadana yokufundisa ukufunda ngokweendlela zikaZaitsev ayisekelwe kwisandi, kungekhona i-alfabhethi kunye nesilabhasi, kodwa ngokomgaqo wokugcina indawo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuba unquma ukujongana nomntwana wakho usebenzisa le ndlela, ngaphambi kokuba uchithe imali kwizinto zokufundisa, kufuneka uzenzele isigqibo sokuba unomonde okwaneleyo kunye nokunyamezela. Okokuqala, ukuze uhlangabezane nomntwana ngale ndlela, kufuneka ufunde yonke incwadana yomyalelo ngokwakho, kwaye uphinde uhlale phezu kokuvelisa izinto zokuqeqesha, kuba iikopi zokuqeqeshwa kuphela "ezigqityiweyo" zithengiswa. Okwesibini, ukuze uqeqeshe ukuzisa iingenelo ezibalulekileyo, kufuneka udibanise rhoqo nomntwana wakho. Kwiiklasi kwi-Nikitin, iindidi zeebhodi zebhodi, ii-cubes kunye ne-puzzles zithengiswa.
Ukuba unomdla ekuphuhliseni amathoyizi ngendlela ethile, funda ngale ndlela, cwangcisa kakuhle, uze uthenge "iilwimi" zomntwana wakho. Njengomthetho, ezi zixhobo azithengi, ngoko ke zifuna ukuthengwa ngengqiqo.
Ngaba abantwana badinga iincwadi?
Kukhona ingqiqo enjalo njengengonyango ye-tale ". Inkcazelo yomsindo iyancipha, inika isimo sengqondo esihle kwaye ikhuthaza ukulala okuqinileyo nokuhle. Ngoko ke, kwangaphambili umntwana wakho uya kuphulaphula iindaba zobomi bobusuku, ngcono.
Olunye uhlobo lweencwadi olufanele luqaliswe kumntwana, ukususela kwiminyaka yonyaka, ziincwadi zekhadi. Zenziwe ngezinto ezizinzileyo, ukutsala umntwana ngemifanekiso enombala kunye nehlekisayo. Kwaye iimbongo ezibhalwe kwiincwadi oza kuzifunda umntwana ziza kukukhunjulwa kakuhle, kwaye umntwana uza kukuxelela ngokukhawuleza.
Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athande iincwadi ukususela ebuntwaneni bakhe, kwaye baya kuba ngabahlobo bakhe abathembekileyo iminyaka emininzi.
Inendima yamathoyizi abantwana abancinci
Iintsana ezincinane zithanda amathoyizi athobileyo. Kukulungele ukudlala nabo kwaye uwathabathele ukuba balale nawe ebusuku. Ngokuqhelekileyo enye yamathoyizi amancinci amancinci iba yintando yomntwana iminyaka emininzi. Kwaye nangona ukubonakala kwe "pet" akukhenkcekanga, akulula kakhulu ukuxhamla "nomlingane" wobuntwaneni bokuqala. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphatha imvakalelo yengane yakho ngokuqonda kwaye ungalokothi wenze isigqibo esizimeleyo sokuphosa ngaphandle kwamathoyizi alo hlobo.
Ngaba abantwana badinga iipuzzle?
Kwaye! Kwaye ungakhangeli ukubhala: "Kubantwana abavela kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala." Kufuneka nje ukhethe iipuzzle ezifanelekileyo kumntwana wakho, ngokweminyaka yobudala. Iipuzzle zokuqala zingaba yifom ye-frame-liners efanayo kwifom yeenombolo, kunye neekhabhi zeemifanekiso ezilandayo. Ndiyabulela umdlalo onjalo, uhlakulela zombini izakhono zamancinci kunye nokucinga ngengqondo yomntwana.
Ndayifaka intombi yam kwiipuzzle kunyaka kunye neenyanga ezintathu, ngenxa yokuba unyaka kunye nesiqingatha yayingalunganga ekuqokeleleni le ipuzzle. Ndincoma kakhulu iipuzzles "Sobirajka" ("Fun"). Zenziwe ngezinto ezizinzileyo, kwiplanki enye kuyimfuneko ukuqokelela imifanekiso embalwa (inambuzane, izilwanyana, njl.), Imifanekiso iqulethe iipuzzles ezi-5. Ngombulelo kwimisebenzi enjalo, umntwana ufunda kwifomu edlalwayo malunga nehlabathi elineenxa zonke kuye, ufunda kwiqela kunye nokuqonda izinto kunye nezinto ngokwezakhiwo ezithile. Abalinganiswa abacetywayo kunye neengqungquthela kubo baya kulungisa ulwazi olufunyenweyo ngexesha lomdlalo.
Ukulondolozwa okanye inkunkuma engenamkhawulo?
Ngamanye amaxesha ulahlekelwa kwiintlobo zamathoyizi zamanje. Ngamanye amaxesha ufuna ukuthenga phantse yonke into, kodwa ayikho into engokoqobo ... Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukwazi umlinganiselo, kwaye xa uthengisa enye into yokudlala, kufuneka uchaze ngokucacileyo iinjongo ezifanele ukuzenza. Kulo mzekelo, ungakulibali ukuba amathoyizi akufanele abe kuphela ekuphuhlisweni komntwana wakho, kodwa "nangomphefumlo." Kwaye oku kukho imoto, iidodoli kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, amathoyizi athambileyo amathandayo.