Xa uqhawula abazali kunye nabantwana, umbuzo we-alimony uvela ngokuqinisekileyo. Umthetho awunikezeli ukuhlawula ngokuzenzekelayo kwe-alimony. Abatshatileyo abadala bangenza imigaqo efanelekileyo yokuhlawula kwabo. Okanye unqamle ngokupheleleyo i-alimony. Ukuba ngaba abazali abanako ukusombulula le ngxaki, omnye wabazali angafaka isicelo kwinkundla. Eli thuba liza kugqiba ukuxhaswa kwabantwana ngokuqhawula umtshato ngokwemigaqo nemimiselo. I-Alimony ihlawulwa ukusuka ngexesha lokugwetywa kwenkundla. Okokuthi, omnye wabazali akakwazi ukuqokelela inkxaso yabantwana kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ukuba akazange afake isicelo ngaphambili kwinkundla kule ngxaki.
Ngokomthetho, i-alimony ihlawulwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana afinyelele kwiminyaka eyi-18 ubudala. Umthetho weRussian Federation awuboneleli ukuhlawula i-alimony kwithuba lokufunda emva kokufikelela kubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, abazali banyanzelekile ukuba balondoloze umntwana omdala, ukuba uyaziwa ukuba akafanelekanga, ufuna uncedo.
Inani elincinci le-alimony
Umthetho ugxininisa ukuba umntwana omnye umzali, apho kuye kwafakwa iziqendu, unyanzelekile ukuba anike enye yengeniso yakhe. Ukuba umzali unabantwana ababini, inxalenye yesithathu yengeniso yakhe iqokelelwa kuye. Abantwana abathathu okanye ngaphezulu babala isiqingatha semali engenayo.
Umthetho uthatha ingqalelo inani labo bonke abantwana, bobabini kwimitshato eyahlukeneyo kunye nabantwana abangaphandle komntwana. Ukuba umzali ohlawula i-alimony unabantwana abazalwa, iintlawulo zihlaziywa. I-Alimony yahlula ngokulinganayo phakathi kwabo bonke abantwana.
Kufuneka ukhunjulwe ukuba xa kubalwa i-alimony, akukho mvuzo kuphela onokuqwalaselwa. Ezinye iintlobo zengeniso nazo ziqwalaselwe ngqalelo: ukubhalwa kwemali, ipensheni, umvuzo phantsi kweemvumelwano zombambano, iintlawulo zomhlala phantsi, njl. Iintlobo zengeniso eyongeziweyo enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo imiselwe yimimiselo efanelekileyo yolawulo.
I-Alimony ikhokhelwa ngemali enzima
Akunjalo rhoqo kwimali engenayo yabazali izinzile. Ukuba kunzima ukuyiqonda nokuqonda imithombo yengeniso, okanye inzuzo ehlawulwayo inceba, inkundla inokuthi ihlawule ukuhlawula imali ehleliweyo (echanekileyo) yemali.
Le ngxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwimithetho. Njengomthetho, inkundla isekelwe kumvuzo omncinci (SMIC). Abazali banokunyanzeliswa ukuba bahlawule inyanga nganye 2 MW, kwaye mhlawumbi maxa wambi. Isigqibo sisoloko sizithoba, kodwa inkundla kufuneka kuqala kuqala ingqalelo iminqweno yomntwana ngokuqhawula umtshato. Umgaqo oyintloko kukuba umgangatho wokuphila womntwana akufanele uhlahloke. Uninzi unquma ukukwazi ukukhusela nokukhusela isikhundla sakhe enkundleni. Xa kunika inani leenzuzo, isimo seentsapho kubazali bobabini, inani labantwana, isimo sezenhlalakahle, ingeniso yabo, njl. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.
Kukho iingxaki ezinzima xa umzali enomthombo omnye wenkxaso-mali eyomeleleyo neyaziwayo (umvuzo), ngelixa okwesibini alinakuchazwa ngokucacileyo (umzekelo, iirhafu zomlobi). Kule meko, umyalelo unikezela ukudibanisa intlawulo yenzalo evela kumvuzo kwaye ngexesha elifanayo unika isamba esithile esinzima semali.
I-Alimony kubazali abangasebenzi
Ukuba umzali ongekho msebenzi usebenza ngokusemthethweni kwintsebenziswano kwaye ufumana iingeniso zokungasebenzi, ngoko-alimony igcinwe kwisibonelelo. Ukuba ngaba umzali engabhaliswanga kwiziko lokuqeshwa kwaye akafumani nzuzo, inkundla ibalwa i-alimony ngokusekelwe kumvuzo oqhelekileyo kwi-Russian Federation.
Ukubalwa kwe-alimony kumashishini athile
Ukubalwa kwemali ye-alimony ye-IP inqunywe ngokubhekiselele kuhlobo lweerhafu ezikhethiweyo ngexesha lokuziphatha kwemisebenzi yamashishini. Ngenkqubo yerhafu elula, xa uhlukanisa nomntwana, inani le-alimony libalwe ngesiseko semali yomvuzo. Ukuba usomashishini usebenzisa i-UTII ukubala ngokubambisene neerhafu, ke iindleko ezenziweyo kwixesha le shishini zithathelwe kwingeniso ukuze zifumane umvuzo wakhe kwimali engenayo. Imali esele iya kuba sisiseko sokubala i-alimony.
Ukudibanisa kunye nepropati
I-Alimony kwipropati yomntwana iphinda ibekwe, ukuba umzali ohlawula i-alimony, uhamba kwindawo yokuhlala ngonaphakade. Ukuba ngaba abazali babengenakucacisa ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo komntwana (inyana), inkundla inelungelo lokuzibophelela ukuhlawula isamba semali enkulu okanye ukuhambisa umntwana othile.
Sitshintsha kwimali ye-alimony
Inani le-alimony linokuhlaziywa kokubili kwicala elikhulu kunye nelincinci kunye noshintsho kwinani labantwana abangaphantsi, ngokutshintshwa kwimeko yemali nakwezinye iimeko ezichazwe ngumthetho.