I-Ultrasound (i-ultrasound) yindlela eqhelekileyo yokufumanisa izifo zesifuba. Kubasetyhini abangaphantsi kwama-35, oku kuyona ndlela ephambili kwaye yisoloko yodwa indlela yokujonga i-pathology yeentlanzi zamathambo. I-Ultrasound yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuxilongwa yokufumana zonke iifomati kwiisifuba zesifuba ngexesha loviwo lwekliniki okanye i-mammography. Unjani i-ultrasound yebele? - kwinqaku.
I-Ultrasound yebele
I-grey mammary isakhiwo esichaphazelekayo, ngoko ke utshintsho oluthile kumathambo alo alusoloko lubonakala. Ukufunyaniswa ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo, ukukhangela kwe-high-frequency ultrasound kuyimfuneko. Isigulane silale ngasemva ngexesha le nkqubo, ngelixa ubukhulu beethambo zesifo samathumbu phantsi kwe-sensor liyancipha ukuya kuma-3 cm.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ultrasound kwi-mammology kunezinto ezingonakalisi:
- akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ngokuqinisekileyo uhlobo lwe-neoplasm;
- ubunzima bokubukela isikhala phantsi kweengono;
- ukushiywa kweenguqu ezincinci ngesisombululo esaneleyo sesisombululo;
- ukungabikho kokuhlukana kwezicubu ezijikelezayo, ezenza utshintsho olungabonakaliyo;
- Ukungakwazi ukusetyenziswa njengesivivinyo sokuhlola ngenxa yobuthakathaka obuphantsi kwendlela.
Iingqimba zeetyhubhu ezenza i-grey gland ingabonwa ngokukhangela kwe-high-frequency ultrasound.
• Ikhumba: umlinganiselo ophezulu ophezulu kabini kumphezulu wengqungquthela.
• I-fat: iboniswe kwindlela yokwenza amaqhezu okanye ngaphantsi, ngokuqhelekileyo ibe nobunzima obuya kwi-3 cm kunye nobumnyama obuninzi xa kuqhathaniswa nesikhumba kunye nezicubu ezincinci.
• Ukubambisana kwemigqaliselo: ichazwa njengezakhiwo ezibukhali, apho izicubu ze-glandular zidibanisa nolusu kunye ne-thoracic fascia.
• I-Parenchyma (izicubu zengqungquthela): ukuhluka kweethambo ezinobungqingili ngaphakathi kwimizimba ye-adipose yebele, imeko apho kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lama-hormone wesini.
• Iiprotokthi: ziboniswe ngoluhlobo lweendlela ezide ezide ezihlukeneyo kunye nobubanzi obu malunga no-2-3 mm.
Iinguqu zeBenign
Iingxube zesifuba zithinteka kwi-estrogens kwaye ziphendulela kwimiphumo yazo ngokunyusa ubuninzi beethambo ezinobungqina kunye nokuphucula amathanga. Utshintsho oluthile lwezinto ezintle olu hlobo luqwalaselwa phakathi kweempawu ze-premenstrual syndrome.
Cyst elula
I-cysts elula (enye okanye enye) iindawo ezixhomekeke kwi-hormone, ukubonakala kwayo ehambelana nokucinywa kwedoti kunye nokongezwa kwe-lobule ye-gland. Amancinci amancinci atshintsha ubungakanani bawo kunye nokuma ngexesha lomjikelezo wesini. Amagqabi amakhulu angabangela ukungazinzi, okufuna ukuba baphume.
Fibroadenoma
I-Fibroadenoma yinto exhaphakileyo yesifuba esincinci kubasetyhini abaselula. Ngokuqhelekileyo ine-echogenicity ephantsi okanye ephakathi (ihluke), inika isithunzi esicacileyo sesibonakaliso emva kwayo kwaye sinokuhlulwa kwiibhola ezininzi.
Ngomhlaza webele
Ubungqina bezinto ezincinci ziba ngumqondiso kuphela wesifo somhlaza webele xa kungabikho iifom ebonakalayo. I-Mammography iza kubona iimpawu zokuqala zokubalwa, kunye ne-ultrasound izokunceda ukucacisa ubunzima okanye uhlobo olubi lwesisu.
Ukutshintshwa kweDoppler
I-scan yeDoppler inikeza ukuboniswa kwemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kunye nakwindawo yokujikeleza. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba iqinisekise ukuba ingena kwi-tumor okanye ifumaneka ngaphaya komda, kunye nokuphepha ukukhutshwa kwesitya ngexesha le-biopsy. Ukuchonga uhlobo lwemfundo, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinto zokuhlalutya. I-Ultrasound isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuchonga indawo ekhoyo yokwakha ngexesha le-biopsy. Le ndlela ivumela ukufumana iisampuli zamathambo zombini kunye nezakhiwo ezinzulu. Intuthuko yakutsha kwintsimi ye-teknoloji ye-ultrasound ibandakanya ukukhangela kwe-high-frequency kunye ne-Doppler. Imishini yanamhlanje, eyenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo i-mammologists, ixhotyiswe ngamasenti amancinci athathwe ngesandla, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-7.5 ukuya kwi-20 MHz. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-high-frequency ultrasound kungafumanisa iinkqubo ezincinci zentsholongwane ngokuchaneka okukhulu. Ukusebenzisa isenzi ngenani le-10-13 MHz, ugqirha uyayichaza ngokulula imilamba encinci. Kwakukho ithuba lokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo imida yolu hlobo, oluququzelele ukuxilongwa. Ezi mifanekiso ezithotywe nge-low-and-high-frequency ultrasound zibonisa i-lymph node ngaphakathi kwebele.