Iimpawu zesisu sebele

Ukuxhamla kweengcambu zamathambo zixhaphake. Uninzi lwabo luyingozi. Izigulane kunye naluphi na i-neoplasm yeengqungquthela zamathambo zifuna uviwo olupheleleyo. Kwinqaku elithi "Izibonakaliso zesifo seengcambu zamathambo" uya kufumana ulwazi olunomdla noluncedo.

Ne-neoplasm yeBenign

Ukuhlambalaza i-neoplasms ye-gland glands kubandakanya i-fibroadenomas, i-cysts kunye ne-abscesses. I-Fibroadenoma - isisu esinesigxina kunye nesisombululo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibuhlungu, kodwa intlungu yesifo iyakwenzeka xa ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi amaninzi kwiisisu zomfuba. I-Fibroadenomas ingaba yindoda kunye neyodwa. Zihamba ngaphakathi kweengxube zebele, ezithambileyo kunye ne-elastic kwi-touch. Iisalathisi zesifuba sinokubodwa okanye ezininzi, ezinzima okanye ezithambileyo kumgca; ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela ngokungenasiphelo, kodwa kunokuba buhlungu. I-abscesses ye-mammary gland i-hypmicic painful cavities egcwele i-pus; zihamba kunye nobuhlungu obukhulu.

Ngomhlaza webele

Izibilini zesifuba ezibi kakhulu zivame ukugqithisela kumgca, ziba nomumo ongaqhelekanga kwaye zihamba ngaphantsi kune-fretenomas. Ngokuqhelekileyo ababuhlungu. Amafolda kunye nezilonda zingabonakala kwikhumba elikufutshane. Ama-lymph nodes, njengomthetho, awandisiwe, ngamanye amaxesha kukho iindawo ezivela kwi-ingono. Xa ulungelelanisa i-tumor kwezinye izitho, iimpawu ezifana nentlungu, intloko, i-dyspnea kunye ne-ascites zenzeka.

Izibilini zeBenign

Ukuphuhliswa kwe-fibretenoma ye-mammary i-mammary ingabandakanywa nemimandla ye-hormonal. Iziqhelo zivame ukuvela kubasetyhini abangenanto, kunye nokuchasene nomjikelezo wesini. Izibilini zebele zihlala zixhatshazwa yi-bhetterium Staphylococcus aureus (iStaphylococcus aureus).

Ngomhlaza webele

Izinto ezinxulumene nomngcipheko okhulayo wokuvelisa umdlavuza webele, zibandakanya: ukulungiswa kwefa. Kukholelwa ukuba kwi-10% yamatyala, umhlaza wesifuba ubangelwa ukuveliswa kwezityalo. Okwangoku, umzekelo, kuyaziwa ukuba i-BRCA 1 i-gene igxininise i-30% yeengxaki zomhlaza wesifuba kumabhinqa angaphantsi kwe-45; Iimeko zangaphambili zomhlaza wesiqhelo se-ovari, iimbindi okanye izilonda zamathambo; ukuqala kwesantya kwangoko; ukukhulelwa kwexesha elipheleleyo kuneminyaka engama-35; ukuthatha i-hormonal contraceptive - kunye nokunyuka kancinci kwengozi, eyancipha emva kokuphela kokwamkelwa kwawo; i-hormone yokwelapha isifo (HRT) (ukuqeshwa kwama-estrogens emva kokuqalisa kokuyeka umyeni) iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 - kwandisa ingozi yokuvelisa umdlavuza webele ngamashumi ama-50%; ukugqithisa kakhulu kwabasetyhini ngexesha lokumisa; ukutshaya iminyaka engaphezu kwe-30; unyango lwe-radiation kwisifo sikaHodgkin - aba bafazi basengozini enkulu.

Ne-neoplasm yeBenign

Iifibroadenomas ziqhelekileyo kumantombazana kunye nabasetyhini abaselula abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Iintlobo zeentlanzi zamathambo ziqheleke ngakumbi kubasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40-50 ubudala. Ukungabikho kwamabhokhwe kubangelwa kakhulu kubasetyhini abancancisayo.

Ngomhlaza webele

Umdlavuza wesifuba uthatha indawo yokuqala kwindawo yokuziphatha kakubi kwabasetyhini. Akunqabile kubasetyhini abasebatsha, kodwa ukukhula kwenyuka kwandisa ngokukhula. Ukuba ibhinqa linayo i-neoplasm yesifuba, kufuneka kuhlolwe uvavanyo oluchanekileyo ukuchonga uhlobo lwengqondo. Isicwangciso soviwo siquka i-ultrasound, i-mammography kunye ne-aspiration biopsy, apho isampuli encinci ye-tumor isampuli kusetyenziswa inaliti ekhethekileyo yokuhlolwa kwe-microscopic elandelayo.

Izisombululo zesifuba

I-fluid aspirated from cyst iphinda ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. I-biopsy yokugada ingadingeka ukuze kusekwe ukuxilongwa okucacileyo.

Ukuhlola

I-Mammography iyakwazi ukubona umdlavuza wesifuba ngexesha lokuqala, nge-tumor size 1mm ububanzi, ngaphambi kokuba iqale ukucaciswa kwe-palpation (ukusuka kwi-1 cm ububanzi). I-Mammography iyona nto ifundiswa kakhulu kubafazi abasele bekhulile abanesisindo esezantsi. Kunconywa ukuba i-Mammography kubo bonke abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala kunye neminyaka emibili. Izigulane ezineempembelelo zempilo kufuneka ziqhutywe phambili. Ngomdla wentsapho oxinzelelekileyo womhlaza webele, i-mammography inokumiselwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40. Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yesisu, unyango ogqityiweyo, umbane okanye i-chemotherapy imiselwe. Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-neoplasms eziphathekayo, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:

Ukuba i-tumor iyanda ngobukhulu okanye ibangela uxhalaba, isuswe ngokugqithisileyo.

Basoloko bechithwa ngokugqitywa. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukugqithiswa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-cyst kunokwenzeka.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zokulwa namagciwane, njengoluhlu lwe-penicillin, kodwa ngokufuthi lufuna ukuvula kunye nomjelo we-abscess. Unyango lubandakanya ukususa i-tumor, kunye nokukhusela ukubuyela kwakhona kunye ne-metastasis. Ukuba isisu sixhomekeke kwi-estrogen, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba izinga le-estrogen liyancishiswa ngamachiza okanye ngokuhlinzwa.

Unyango o

Okukhethwa kukho unyango olupakanyayo kubandakanya ukususwa kwesisu, ukuchithwa okukodwa okanye okugqibeleleyo kokususa i-mammary gland (mastectomy). Kwakhona, ama-lymph nodes ase-axillary avame ukuvuyela ukukhusela i-metastasis. Ukususwa kwe-Ovarian (oophorectomy) Kunconywa ukunciphisa umveliso we-estrogen.

Izaphulo kunye ne-chemotherapy

Ii-regimens zonyango eziphumelelayo zikhoyo ngoku zibonelela ixesha elide lokuphila kakuhle; umzekelo, i-chemotherapy kunye ne-cyclophosphamide, methotrexate kunye ne-5-fluorouracil inciphisa ukufa kwabasetyhini abasengaphambili kwe-25%. Phantse yonke i-fifthroadtraoma yanyamalala ngokuzimeleyo ngaphandle kwonyango, kwaye kwezinye iimeko iqhubeka isanda ngobukhulu. Uninzi lwe-fibretenomas alinakuguqulwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokuphuma kwimizi, apho ngokuphindaphindiweyo i-resorption ibonwa khona. Phantse i-1 kwi-10 yama-cysts emva kokutshatyalaliswa, kwaye kuma-50% amatyala ane-cyst enye emva koko ikhula. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wesibele. Ukuphucula iindlela zonyango kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukufa okuvela kumdlavuza webele. Ukuqala kokuqala kwonyango kubaluleke kakhulu, ekubeni incinci ubukhulu be-tumor, ngakumbi ukulungelelaniswa kwesigulane. Inqanaba leminyaka emihlanu lokusinda phakathi kwabasetyhini abaneemithwalo engaphantsi kwe-2 cm ifikelela kwi-90%, ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-5 cm ukuya kwi-60%.