Ngoko, sinika ingqalelo uluhlu lwabafundi bezengqondo bezona zithandwa kakhulu kwihlabathi abaye bakwazi ukuphendula konke ukuqonda ngengqondo. Emva koko, aba bulumko bezengqondo baye bavakalisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba le nzu lulwazi inxalenye yobomi babo.
Makhe silungise ngoFrud .
USigmund Freud , onguSigismund Shlomo Freud, isazi sengqondo sokuqala sanquma ukukuxelela. U-Freud owazalwa ngo-Meyi 6, 1856 eFréberg e-Austria-Hungary, ngoku eyiPrzybor, eCzech Republic. Ihlabathi liyaziwa ngokuba yi-Austrian neurologist eyaziwayo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-psychoanalytic esikolweni. U-Zygmud "nguyise" weengcamango ukuba zonke iingxaki zeentlungu zomntu zibangelwa kwinani lezinto ezingenanto kunye neendlela eziqhagamshelana nazo.
UVladimir L. Levy, isazi-ngengqondo-imbongi .
Udokotela wezonyango kunye neengqondo zengqondo uVladimir Lvovich Levy wazalwa ngoNovemba 18, 1938 eMoscow, apho uhlala khona ngoku. Emva kokugqitywa kwiziko lonyango, wasebenza njengogqirha kwi-ambulensi ixesha elide. Emva koko washukuthela kwisikhundla se-psychotherapist waza waba ngumqeshwa ohloniphekileyo weZiko leZengqondo. UVladimir Levi waba ngumsunguli wokuqala wolawulo olutsha kwisayensi yeengqondo, njengokuzibulala. Esi sihlandlo sifaka uvavanyo olupheleleyo kunye olunzulu malunga nokuzibulala kunye nesimo sengqondo sabantu abaxhomekeke ekuzibulaleni. Ngethuba lakhe ngexesha lokugula ngengqondo, uLevi wabhala iimpapasho ezingama-60 zesayensi.
Ukongeza kwengqondo, uVladimir uyakuthanda izibongo. Ngoko ke, kungekhona ngo-1974, waba lilungu elihloniphekileyo labanyano be-Writers 'Union. Incwadi ethandwa kakhulu nguLevi - "Ubugcisa bokuba ngokwakho," "Ingxoxo kwiincwadi," iincwadi ezintathu "Ukuvuma kwe-hypnotist." Kwaye ngo-2000, ukukhanya kwambona ukuqokelela kwakhe imibongo eyabizwa ngokuthi "Ukugqithiswa kwiprofayili."
UAbraham Harold Maslow kunye negama lakhe kwingqondo
UAbraham Harold Maslow ungumdlali weengqondo waseMerika owaba ngumsunguli ohloniphekileyo weengqondo zesintu. Imisebenzi yakhe yenzululwazi edumileyo iquka umxholo we "Maslow Pyramid". Le piramidi ibandakanya imifanekiso ekhethekileyo ebonisa iimfuno zabantu eziqhelekileyo. Le yile ngcamango eyayifumana isicelo sayo ngqo kwizoqoqosho.
UVictor Emil Frankl: Iingcali zeengqondo-i-Australia kwiSayensi
Isazi sengqondo esaziwayo sase-Austrian kunye nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uVictor Emil Frankl wazalelwa ngoMatshi 26, 1905 eVienna. Ehlabathini igama lakhe alunxulumani nje ngeengqondo, kodwa kunye nefilosofi, kunye nokudala kweSiThathu saseVienna School of Psychotherapy. Imisebenzi yenzululwazi eyaziwayo eFrankl ifaka umsebenzi othiwa "Umntu ekukhangela intsingiselo." Amagama alo msebenzi waba sisiseko sokuphucula indlela entsha ye-psychotherapy ebizwa ngokuthi i-logotherapy. Le ndlela iquka umnqweno womntu ukuqonda intsingiselo yobomi kwihlabathi langaphandle elikhoyo. I-Logotherapy inokukwenza ukuba umntu abe nenjongo ngakumbi.
UBoris Ananiev - iskratshi seSoviet psychology
UBoris Gerasimovich Ananiev wazalelwa ngo-1907 eVladikavkaz. U-Ananiev wayenesisusa esiphezulu kwoluhlu "lwezengqondo ezidumileyo zehlabathi". Waba ngumsunguli wokuqala kunye nozuko lwesikolo seengcali zeengqondo eSt. Petersburg. Abafundi besi sikolo kwaye, ngokufanayo, u-Ananiev ngokwakhe waba ngabadumi bezengqondo ezinjengo-A. Kovalev, B. Lomov nabanye abaninzi.
KwakuseSt. Petersburg, kwindlu apho uBoris Ananyev wayehlala khona, ukuba i-plaque yesikhumbuzo ifakwe kwisidima sayo.
U-Ernst Heinrich Weber - isazi senzululwazi esidumile sawo onke amaxesha
Umzalwana we-physicist owaziwayo uWilhelm Weber, isazi se-psychophysiologist saseJalimane kunye ne-anatomist yexeshana u-Ernst Heinrich Weber wazalwa ngoJuni 24, ngo-1795 eLeipzig, eJamani. Le ngqapheli yengqondo inomsebenzi ophezulu wesayensi kwi-anatomy, uvelwano kunye ne-physiology. Eyona nto ibonakalayo yile mi sebenzi echaphazela ukufundwa kweengqondo. Yonke imisebenzi ka-Weber yakha isiseko sokuphuhlisa i-psychophysics kunye neengqondo zengqondo.
Hakob Pogosovich Nazaretyan kunye ne-Mass Psychology
Ingcali eyaziwayo yaseRussia kwi-anthropology yeenkcubeko kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo yokuziphatha kakubi uHakob Pogosovich Nazarethan wazalwa ngoMeyi 5, 1948 eBaku. UMNazaretha ngumlobi wenani elikhulu leempapasho ezichazela ngembono yophuhliso loluntu. Ukongeza, i-psychologist yaba ngumsunguli weengcamango malunga nokulinganisela kwe-techno-humanitarian, okuthelekiswa nokuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko kunye nenkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe.
UVictor Ovcharenko, ukratshi lweengqondo zeRashiya
UViktor Ivanovich Ovcharenko wazalwa ngoFebruwari 5, 1943 edolophini laseMelekess, e-Ulyanovsk. U-Ovcharenko ngumntu oyingqungquthela ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo. Kwi-akhawunti ye-Ovcharenko, inani elininzi leencwadi zesayensi kunye nokusebenza kanzima, okwenza igalelo elikhulu kwizengqondo, njengesayensi. Umxholo oyintloko womsebenzi ka-Ovcharenko wawuwuhlolisiso lweengqondo zentlalo, kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nobuntu kunye nolwalamano oluxhamlayo ngokubanzi.
Ngowe-1996, isazi senzululwazi sacebisa, kwinqanaba lezesayensi, ukuhlaziywa okokuqala ngethuba lexesha lonke lembali ye-psychoanalysis yaseRashiya. Ukongeza kuzo zonke ezi ngasentla, u-Ovcharenko wayedla ngokuba ngu-psychologist engcono kakhulu, kwaye imisebenzi yakhe edumileyo yapapashwa ngamaxesha amaninzi kwiiqoqo zesayensi ezaziwa kakhulu ngaphesheya kweRussia.