Ngokuphathelele izityalo ngokwabo, oku kubaluleke kakhulu i-epiphytes. Zizo zokulondolozwa kwamanzi, zenze i-shebular sheet outlet. Kwizityalo zolu hlobo, ama-bilberries, i-leathery, amaqabunga asebenzayo, anokukwazi ukuguqulwa kwamanye amazwe. Ifom yabo inqabile okanye i-oblong, inxantathu. Ngasentla, zikhonjiswe kwaye zihlanganiswe ngamanqanaba amancinci. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga kunameva abukhali. Iintyatyambo zinemibala ebomvu, iipalali zijikiweyo okanye zilungiswe ngomoya. Zihlala ziqokelelwa kwi-racemose efana ne-spike okanye i-paniculate inflorescences. Amaqabunga afumaneka ngama-inflorescences amakhulu kunabanye, nawo anemibala enombala. Kwiibhilibri izithelo zii-berries. I-Bilberia ibhekisela kwizityalo ze-bromeliad, enye yezona zityalo ezingenakuthobeka onokuzigcina ekhaya.
Isityalo sihlala sinika amahlumela aso, ngenxa yokuba senza amahlumela amakhulu anama-rosettes, akhula ngokwahlukeneyo aze afinyelele ukuphakama ukuya kuma-60 cm. Ukuvuna kwesi sityalo kuqala malunga neminyaka emithathu emva kokutyala. Baqhakaza kwiiveki zokuqala zasehlotyeni, kwaye ukuba unonophelo olufanelekileyo, ke kukho ukukhawulela okuphindaphindiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngo-Ephreli. Emva kokupheka kweentyantyambo, i-rosette inendawo yokufa, kwaye isuka kwisiqhamo okanye ihlumela elikhula, eliqhakaza kwihlobo elizayo. Izityalo ezindala zihlala zenza izakhiwo ezininzi ezibukeka njengezingxobo ezincinci, ziyakwazi ukuqhakaza ngexesha elinye. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kwexesha leentyantyambo, ii-rosettes ezifileyo kufuneka zisuswe.
Bilberia: ukushiya.
Bilberia - iintyatyambo zizithobekile, ziyakunyamezela ngokucwangciswa kunye nomoya omile. Ebusika, kulula ukunyamezela ukushisa kwama--3 degrees, kodwa kungcono ukuba ungavumeli oku. Ukuchaneka kweso sityalo kuya kuba bubushushu be-13 degrees. Isityalo sikhula kakuhle kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo kunye neendawo zokuhlala.
Isityalo sifuna ukukhanya, kukhethwa ngokusasazeka, kodwa sikhanyayo. Ngokukhanya okuthe ngqo kwelanga, ama-bilberries, ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka afihliwe kunye nephepha okanye iingubo. Isityalo siya kukhululeka kwiifestile ecaleni lasempuma nasentshonalanga. Kwiifestile ezisenyakatho, ziya kukhula kakuhle, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ziqhumane. Ehlotyeni ingaqhutyelwa kwisitrato, kodwa kwimvula nokukhanya kufuneka kukhuselwe.
Kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, ukushisa okuphezulu kwama-bilberries kuya kubakho ukushisa kuma-28 degrees. Kwiinyanga zindla - kwi-degrees ezingama-18, kodwa isilayidi kufuneka ihambe kakuhle. Ixesha lokuphumla akufanele lifudumale kwisicwangciso seqondo lokushisa, kuya kuba ne-18 degrees of heat. Iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kwebusika lisebenzise inkqubo yokubhola. Ukuba ebusika isityalo side ixesha elide kwigumbi elinokushisa malunga nama-12 degrees, ngoko kuya kugula.
Ehlobo, xa iqondo lokushisa liphakama ukuya kuma-degrees angama-28, amanzi kufuneka athululelwe emagqabini amaqabunga, kodwa kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba ayimi kude kakhulu, kuba i-funnels iyakwazi ukubola. Kwiqondo lokushisa ngama-degrees angama-20, amanzi kufuneka asuswe. Ukuba i-bromeliads iyafa, ke amanzi akanako ukuthunyelwa kwiziseko, nokuba njalo. Kwizilwanyana zasendle, izityalo nazo ziqokelela amanzi kwi-rosettes, kodwa emagumbini banemiqobo yokuguqa amaxesha amaninzi.
Ehlobo, i-substrate ihlale ihlanjululwe, kodwa umswakama wayo awukwazi ukunyamezela, izityalo aziyikunyamezela. Zonke izityalo ezikhoyo kwi-genus ye-bromeliads, kanye emva kweentsuku ezili-10, kufuneka zisuswe kwiinkxaso (ukuba zifakwe kwizinto ezixhasayo okanye ezihamba ngeenyawo) kwaye zisehlise emanzini, ezaneleyo zokuzinza. Xa izityalo zizaliswe, zikhutshwa, zicinywa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye zibuyela kwizixhaswa.
Ebusika nasekwindla, amanzi awathululwanga kwiziseko zamagqabi, ukuthambisa izityalo ngokungenanto kwaye ngokucophelela. Kodwa oku kuqondo lokushisa malunga nama-degrees angama-20, ukuba izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ke kufuneka amanzi anikezelwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, njengoko umhlaba umile. Ngamanye amaxesha ungazihambisa amanzi kwisiseko, kodwa kufuneka ufudumele, kwaye ugcine ixesha elide kungekho mfuneko.
Izityalo zolu hlobo zidinga ukunyusa okuphezulu, nangona ukuba ukomisa kwesityalo kuyanyamezela ngaphandle kobunzima. Iiflethi kufuneka zifakwe zihlandlo ezimbini ngeentsuku. Ukwandisa umswakama, ungasebenzisa isitya kunye neendwangu ezimanzi, i-claydite okanye i-moss. Xa ezi ntyatyambo zangaphakathi ziyaqhakaza, akudingeki ukuba zifakwe, kuba amanzi angena kwiintyatyambo, ukuze iinqumle zenzeke, kwaye ukuhlobisa kuya kubandezeleka.
Xa ixesha lokutshiza liza, emva kokuthululwa, isityalo sidla ngokutya emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Sebenzisa kule meko, izichumisi ezikhethekileyo ezifanelekileyo kwi-bromeliads. Ngendlela, bangasebenzisa izichumiso kwezinye izityalo zangaphakathi, kodwa idosi kufuneka iyancitshiswe kwisiqingatha. Ungakulibali ukuba i-nitrojeni kwisichumisi kufuneka igcinwe ngaphantsi, ngenxa yokuba isityalo esingaphezu kwesityalo sinokufa.
Ukutshintshela isityalo kuyimfuneko ngoko ke, xa kuya kubakho imfuneko. Ukuba le ntlobo iqhuma, ukutshintshwa kufuneka kuqhutywe ngonyaka emva kokuphela kwexesha lokuvuna.
Ingxube yokufakelwa kwendawo kufuneka ifake i-humus yendawo, umhlaba we-peat, iqabunga. Ungongeza isanti. Kwizityalo, umxube we-peat, umhlaba weqabunga, u-moss ocoliweyo, isanti ifanelekile. Unokuthenga umhlaba okhethekileyo kwizityalo zezilwanyana ze-bromeliad kwisitoreji. Kuba isityalo asifanelekanga, kodwa izimbiza ezibanzi. Iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki emva kokutshintshela isityalo kuncitshiswa kancinci kwaye kungekho rhoqo, ukuze kuthathe iingcambu. Ngeli xesha, akufuneki ukuba badliwe. Isityalo sikhula kakuhle kwi-hydroponics.
Izimbali ze-bilbery zisakazwa, ikakhulukazi, inzala.
Iingxaki ezinokuvela xa unakekela isityalo.
- Kwamaqabunga, ama-brown specks angabonakala. Isizathu salokhu - ukushisa kwelanga. Kubalulekile ukulungisa kwakhona isityalo ukwenzela ukuba imilayezo ayifuni ngqo.
- Iingcebiso zamagqabantshintshi ziyakwazi ukuguqulwa. Isizathu sokuthambisa ngamanzi awanzima, angafanelekanga. Ukunkcenkceshela, kufuneka uthabathe amanzi amancinci uze uwuthulule kwi "funnel".
- Isityalo singafa. Isizathu salo sinokubakho ukugqithisa komhlaba, ingakumbi oku kuyinyaniso kwizityalo ezingakhange ziqhutywe. Ukuba isityalo sinexesha lokuqhafaza, ukufa ngaphandle kweziseko kunokwemvelo.
- Isango leqabunga linokukhululeka kwaye "lihlukane". Ngenxa yoko, isiseko asibambeli umswakama; umhlaba ungaba ngamanzi. Isizathu asikhanyisi.
- Isityalo singonakaliswa yi-mealybugs kunye ne-scabbards.