Ukuchaneka ngokufanelekileyo ukuqokelela amakhambi?
Nangona uphumelelo lwe-chemistry, oluye lanikeza amayeza asebenzayo amancedo, izityalo ziyaqhubeka zihlala kwindawo ebalulekileyo kwi-arsenal jikelele yamachiza. Nangona kunjalo, xa uqokelela izityalo zonyango ngokuzimeleyo, kufuneka uhambelane nemigqaliselo ecacileyo kunye nemithetho yokuqokelela, kuba kuphela ngexesha elithile isityalo sinempawu ezifunekayo kunyango, ngaphandle koko, kunokugcinwa kuphela xa kuqokelelwa kakuhle kwaye kugcinwe.
Inombolo yemigaqo esebenzayo equkethwe kwitshalo yamayeza iyahluka kwixesha elihlukeneyo lokukhula kunye nophuhliso lwaloo mva, ngoko ke ixesha lokuqokelela iifom zokwelapha liphelelwa ixesha kwi-contents enkulu yezinto ezisebenzayo kuzo. Ngoko, ukuba isityalo sonke siya kusebenza, siqokelelwe ekuqaleni kweentyantyambo; ngexesha elifanayo, izityalo ziqokelelwe, apho zonke izixhobo ezisentla zingasetyenziswa. Ukuqokelela kwamaqabunga ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kuqhutywe izimbali, ngaphandle koomama nonina, ovunwa emva kokugquma. Imiphunga, i-rhizomes kunye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zivuna ekwindla, emva kokuphelelwa kwintyatyambo yokuphunga i-sap, okanye entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwayo. Imbewu kunye neziqhamo - ngexesha lokuvuthwa kwazo ngokupheleleyo, kunye nezinye izinto. Ukuqokelela kwimihlaba engasentla yomhlaba, ngokukodwa iintyatyambo, kufuneka kwenziwe kwimozulu esomileyo emva kokuba amazolo ehla, njengoko kuphela phantsi kwalo mqathango kunokwenzeka ukuba kugcinwe umbala wendalo wezityalo kunye nokuzikhusela ekuzifudumeni (iinkqubo zokuchithwa kweebhaktheriya kunye ne-fungal). Isiphumo esisoloko silahlekelwa ngumgaqo osebenzayo wesityalo.
Imithetho yokuqokelela iindawo ezithile zezityalo
Iinjongo zivunwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngexesha lokuvuvukala, phambi kokubonakala kwamagqabi aluhlaza, kuba iifama zexabiso lokunyanga amayeza alithethi iifom. Xa ukuvuna iipine buds kunye nabo isandla esibukhali sinqume ama-2-3 mm amahlumela omnyaka odlulileyo; Iifama ezincinane (umzekelo, birch) zinqunywe ngamasebe. Yomile, isasaza umgca omncinci, kwiindawo eziphuculweyo. Amagatsha omisiwe anqunyulwa okanye izintso zinqunywe ngesandla.
I-bark ivunwa ngeli xesha lokunyakaza kwe-spring sap, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga atyatyambo. Yenza izibini ezimbini zengxowankulu ngommese kumgama wama-20-30 cm, zidibanise kunye nezibini ezimbini zexesha elide kwaye uhluthe i-bark kwiindawo ezinjengama-grooves. I-bark isuswa kwii-trunks kunye namasebe (buckthorn), kunye nomthi womthi-kuphela kumasebe. Yima i-bark elangeni, phantsi kweengcingo okanye kwindawo ezivaliweyo.
Amaqabunga aqokelelwa ngexesha lokuhluma, iintyatyambo, ngamanye amaxesha kwisigaba sefruiting. I-petioles enamanzi amancinci, engenazo izinto ezinoncedo (umama-non-stepmother), zisuswe, njengoko zenza kube nzima ukuma. Amaqabunga amancinci (i-cowberry) atyunwe kunye namahlumela, kwaye amaqabunga ayahlukana. Yomisa emthunzini phantsi kweengqungquthela, emagumbini avaliweyo, ubeke umgca obuncinane.
Ngaphambi kokuba uhambe kwizityalo zonyango, kufuneka ufunde ngazo, ufunde ukuqaphela iintlobo ezithile zezityalo eziza kuqokelelwa, kwaye zihluke ngokufanayo, kodwa zingekho phantsi kokuvuna, ixabiso eliphantsi okanye neentlobo ezinobuthi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yiziphi izityalo zezivuno kwaye ziphi na ixesha, iindawo zokukhula kobunzima, imithetho eqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuqokelela, kunye neendlela zokupasa eziphambili izinto ezivunyiweyo. Ingakumbi kubalulekile ukukhumbula izilumkiso xa uqokelela izityalo ezinobuthi.
Iintyatyambo zivunwa ngexesha lokuqhakaziza, ngezinye izihlandlo kwisigaba sokuhamba. Yomisa emthunzini, ngamanye amaxesha kwigumbi elimnyama (iifomtta).
Iifumba zivunwa ngexesha lokuqaqamba okanye ukuhluma, ukucima inxalenye yonke engaphezulu komhlaba kumgangatho wamacembe aphantsi, kwizityalo ezineemifuno (umhlonyane, umtya), amaqabunga ahlukeneyo kunye neentonga eziluhlaza. Yomile kwimigangatho emincinci, inqunywe kwidrafti, okanye ubeke umgca omncinane kumthunzi. indawo efanelekileyo yomoya, umzekelo kwi-attic.
Iintyatyambo kunye nembewu zivunwa ngexesha lokukhula okupheleleyo, kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo ezinqamlekileyo (inja evukile) xa kwenzeka ukuba zivuthiwe, izithelo ziyaqhuma okanye zizenzeke kwaye zihluthe xa ziqokelelwe. Iziqhamo ezinobuthi zivuthwa kusasa okanye ngokuhlwa, njengokuba ngethuba losuku oluqokelelwe ngubushushu obuqinileyo bahlahloka ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphambi kokumisa, bahamba ngelanga ngeentsuku ezingama-1-2, kwaye bomiswa ngo-70-90 ° C kuma-ovens. Nceda uqaphele: awukwazi ukuhlamba iziqhamo ngaphambi kokuma. Ngaphambi kokumisa, izinto eziphathekayo zihlanjululwa, zisuse iinxalenye ezibangelwe ngengozi okanye ezinye izityalo. Beka izityalo kwindawo encinane, udibanise amaxesha 3-4 ngosuku (ngaphandle kweentyantyambo). Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka zihlale ziluhlaza, musa ukuma. Ukucwina kuqediwe xa amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo zihamba ngokulula zibe yi-powder, iziqu ziyaqhekeka kunye ne-character crack, iingcambu ziphuka, kodwa ungaguquli, amajikijolo aphuka ngesandla, unganiki amacwecwe.
Gcina umsebenzisi!
Isibongo esingcono kakhulu sokugcina izinto ezinokomatshini ezomileyo ezomileyo - izimbiza ze-glass opaque, iibhokisi zekhadibhodi, iibhegi zephepha. Iingxowa zomgubo azifanelekanga - zigcinwe kakuhle, kodwa zithatha umswakama kakuhle. Indawo yokugcinwa kufuneka ibe yomile, iyomile kwaye inomoya. Indlu ifanele ikhabhobhodi yekiti, kweli lizwe - elichanekileyo. Ngokuphathelele kubanda, akukhathazi ngotshani obomileyo.
Izityalo ezinonophelo zemichiza kufuneka zigcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kumnandi. Amajikidi omileyo anama-hygroscopic, ngoko kulunge ukuwagcina endaweni eyomileyo kwiqulunqo kwiebhasi. Izinto zokurhweba kufuneka zigcinwe zihluke kwizinto ezinokumnandi - i-kerosene, i-naphthalene, njl. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukugcinwa kweentyatyambo, ingca kunye namaqabunga akudluli kwiminyaka engama-1-2, kunye neengcambu, i-rhizomes, i-bark - iminyaka engama-2-3.
Iphephandaba lithi "Masibe nempilo!" № 5 2008